Topic
Indentation hardness
About: Indentation hardness is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 15834 publications have been published within this topic receiving 292983 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors review the current understanding of the mechanics governing elastic-plastic indentation as they pertain to load and depth-sensing indentation testing of monolithic materials and provide an update of how they now implement the method to make the most accurate mechanical property measurements.
Abstract: The method we introduced in 1992 for measuring hardness and elastic modulus by instrumented indentation techniques has widely been adopted and used in the characterization of small-scale mechanical behavior. Since its original development, the method has undergone numerous refinements and changes brought about by improvements to testing equipment and techniques as well as from advances in our understanding of the mechanics of elastic–plastic contact. Here, we review our current understanding of the mechanics governing elastic–plastic indentation as they pertain to load and depth-sensing indentation testing of monolithic materials and provide an update of how we now implement the method to make the most accurate mechanical property measurements. The limitations of the method are also discussed.
6,616 citations
Book•
05 Oct 2000
TL;DR: Hardness measurements with conical and pyramidal indenters as mentioned in this paper have been used to measure the area of contact between solids and the hardness of ideal plastic metals. But they have not yet been applied to the case of spherical indenters.
Abstract: 1. Introduction 2. Hardness measurements by spherical indenters 3. Deformation and indentation of ideal plastic metals 4. Deformation of metals by spherical indenters. Ideal plastic metals 5. Deformation of metals by spherical indenters. Metals which work-harden 6. Deformation of metals by spherical indenters. 'Shallowing' and elastic 'recovery' 7. Hardness measurements with conical and pyramidal indenters 8. Dynamic or rebound hardness 9. Area of contact between solids Appendix I. Brinell hardness Appendix II. Meyer hardness Appendix III. Vickers hardness Appendix IV. Hardness conversion Appendix V. Hardness and ultimate tensile strength Appendix VI. Some typical hardness values
3,562 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the intrinsic correlation between hardness and elasticity of materials correctly predicts Vickers hardness for a wide variety of crystalline materials as well as bulk metallic glasses (BMGs).
1,632 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive computational study was undertaken to identify the extent to which elasto-plastic properties of ductile materials could be determined from instrumented sharp indentation and to quantify the sensitivity of such extracted properties to variations in the measured indentation data.
1,299 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the hardness of a thin epitaxial gold film embedded in the silver layers and found that the deformation was primarily restricted to the sharp edges of the indentation.
Abstract: The hardness of thick, high-purity, epitaxially grown silver on sodium chloride is found to be dependent on the size of the indentation for sizes below ≃10 μm. The measurement of the size effect has been made in two ways. In one, the hardness has been calculated from the load-displacement curve obtained from an instrumented microhardness testing machine and assuming a geometric self-similarity in the indenter shape. In the other measurement, the hardness was obtained from the load exerted by the microhardness tester divided by the indentation impression area as measured by atomic force microscopy. The observed variation in microhardness with indentation size is consistent with a simplified strain gradient plasticity model in which the densities of the geometrically necessary and statistically stored dislocations are fitting parameters. An equally good fit can also be made with a simple geometric scaling relationship. Transmission electron microscopy observations of a thin (≃50 nm) epitaxial gold film embedded in the silver layers revealed that the deformation was primarily restricted to the sharp edges of the indentation. In addition, deformation twinning within the indentation impression was observed on the {1H} planes.
1,259 citations