Topic
Indium tin oxide
About: Indium tin oxide is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 17857 publications have been published within this topic receiving 402127 citations. The topic is also known as: indium tin oxide.
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TL;DR: In this article, an efficient electron selective bottom contact based on a solution-processed titanium oxide interfacial layer on the top of indium tin oxide was proposed for inverted layer sequence organic photovoltaics.
Abstract: The challenge to reversing the layer sequence of organic photovoltaics (OPVs) is to prepare a selective contact bottom cathode and to achieve a suitable morphology for carrier collection in the inverted structure. The authors report the creation of an efficient electron selective bottom contact based on a solution-processed titanium oxide interfacial layer on the top of indium tin oxide. The use of o-xylene as a solvent creates an efficient carrier collection network with little vertical phase segregation, providing sufficient performance for both regular and inverted solar cells. The authors demonstrate inverted layer sequence OPVs with AM 1.5 calibrated power conversion efficiencies of over 3%.
650 citations
TL;DR: In this article, cyclic voltammetry measurements for the blue electroluminescent conjugated polymer poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) were obtained and both oxidation and reduction potentials were determined and estimates of both the ionization potential Ip and electron affinity Ea of the polymer were obtained for the same sample under the same experimental conditions.
Abstract: We report cyclic voltammetry measurements for the blue electroluminescent conjugated polymer poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene). Both oxidation and reduction potentials are determined and thus estimates of both the ionization potential Ip and electron affinity Ea of the polymer are obtained for the same sample under the same experimental conditions. We estimate Ip=5.80 eV and Ea=2.12 eV. These results disagree with the common assumption that Ea is, to good approximation, given by the difference between Ip and the optical gap. Measurements on indium tin oxide/polyfluorene/calcium light emitting diode structures are consistent with the deductions from the electrochemical data.
648 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of chemical and physical treatments on the properties of indium-tin oxide (ITO) thin films were combined studies of the effect of these treatments on anodes of polymeric light-emitting diodes.
Abstract: We report combined studies of the influence of chemical and physical treatments on the properties of indium–tin oxide (ITO) thin films. The ITO films were also used as transparent anodes of polymeric light-emitting diodes (LEDs) incorporating poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) as the emitter material, with, or without, doped poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT) as a hole-injection/transport layer. Structures based on a soluble green derivative of PPV, poly(4,4′-diphenylene diphenylvinylene) were also tested. We studied chemical (aquaregia, degreasing, RCA protocol) and physical (oxygen and argon plasmas, Teflon, and paper rubbing) treatments and, in contrast to recently published work, we find that for Balzer Baltracon ITO, oxygen plasma and not aquaregia yields the highest efficiencies and luminances and the lowest drive voltages. For oxygen-plasma-treated anodes, the device efficiency clearly correlates with the value of the ITO surface work function, which in turn depends on the time of treatment. I...
626 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a roll-to-roll process for fabrication of polymer solar cells comprising five layers on flexible substrates is presented, where the device geometry is inverted and allow for fabrication on both transparent and non-transparent flexible substrate.
623 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used ultraviolet and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and (UPS) techniques to directly measure absolute values of vacuum work function of indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films.
Abstract: We used ultraviolet and x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and (UPS) techniques to directly measure absolute values of vacuum work function of indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films. We obtained a work function of 4.4–4.5 eV which is lower than the commonly cited value. These values do not change substantially by heating and Ar ion sputtering. The atomic concentrations of each element in ITO, measured with XPS, are also quite stable under heat treatment and ion sputtering.
620 citations