Showing papers on "Indole alkaloid published in 2001"

Effects of stress factors, bioregulators, and synthetic precursors on indole alkaloid production in compact callus clusters cultures of Catharanthus roseus.

Abstract: Compact callus cluster (CCC) cultures established from Catharanthus roseus consist of cohesive callus aggregates displaying certain levels of cellular or tissue differentiation. CCC cultures synthesize about two-fold more indole alkaloids than normal dispersed-cell cultures. Our studies here show that additions of KCl, mannitol, and a variety of synthetic precursors and bioregulators to the CCC cultures markedly improved indole alkaloid production and release of these alkaloids into the medium. Treatment with 250 mM mannitol and 4 g/l KCl yielded 42.3 mg l–1 and 33.6 mg l–1of ajmalicine, respectively; these amounts were about four-fold higher than the control. Succinic acid, tryptamine, and tryptophan feedings also significantly increased ajmalicine (41.5 mg l–1, 36.9 mg l–1 ,and 31.8 mg l–1, respectively) and catharanthine (21.1 mg l–1, 17.2 mg l–1, and 18 mg l–1, respectively) production by the CCC cultures, while geraniol feeding inhibited biomass and alkaloid accumulation. We also found that tetramethyl ammonium bromide could significantly improve ajmalicine production (49.3 mg l–1) and catharanthine production (18.3 mg l–1) in C. roseus CCC cultures. The mechanisms responsible for these treatment effects are discussed herein.

Novel neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) selective inhibitor, aplysinopsin-type indole alkaloid, from marine sponge Hyrtios erecta

Abstract: Two novel aplysinopsin-type indole alkaloids, 1 and 2, and three known indole alkaloids were isolated from the marine sponge Hyrtios erecta These compounds exhibited selective inhibitory activity against the neuronal isozyme of nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) Furthermore, new quinolone 7 was also isolated from the same marine sponge The chemical structures of these new compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis

3-Oxo-rhazinilam: A New Indole Alkaloid from Rauvolfia serpentina × Rhazya stricta Hybrid Plant Cell Cultures

Abstract: A new monoterpenoid indole alkaloid, 3-oxo-rhazinilam (1), was isolated from intergeneric somatic hybrid cell cultures of Rauvolfia serpentina and Rhazya stricta, and the structure was determined by detailed 1D and 2D NMR analysis. It was also proved that 3-oxo-rhazinilam (1) is a natural constituent of the hybrid cells.

Alkaloid Screening of Herbarium Samples of Rubiaceae from Panama

Abstract: In an effort to study plants of the Rubiaceae from Panama, 299 herbarium samples, representing 133 species, were subjected to alkaloid screening. From this total, 234 samples (78%) afforded a positive test for alkaloids, and 99 samples (33%) gave a positive reaction for indole alkaloids; 109 species (82%) contain alkaloids and 58 (44%) produce indole alkaloids. This is the first time that 102 (94%) and 52 (90%) species are reported as alkaloid and indole alkaloid bearing, respectively. The results of 10 out of 15 species, that is 67%, corroborate earlier studies. The richest indole alkaloid species were: Hamelia patens, Hamelia xerocarpa, Hoffmannia morii, Hoffmannia unguis-canceris, Deppea grandiflora, Elaeagia nitidifolia, Rondeletia secunda, Simira maxonii, Uncaria tomentosa, Gonzalagunia rosea, Isertia haenkeana, Isertia laevis, Posoqueria latifolia and Cinchona pubescens.

A New Gluco Indole Alkaloid, 3,4‐Dehydro‐5‐carboxystrictosidine, from Peruvian Una de Gato (Uncaria tomentosa).

Abstract: A new gluco indole alkaloid, 3, 4-dehydro-5-carboxystrictosidine, was obtained from Peruvian Una de Gato(Cat's Claw, original plant : Uncaria tomentosa) together with two known gluco indole alkaloids. This compound was the first example of isolation of a gluco monoterpenoid indole alkaloid having a 3, 4-dihydro-β-carboline ring system from nature. A characteristc feature of the compound was the quick replacement of the methylene hydrogens on C-14 with deuterium that was observed when it was dissolved in CD3OD. We demonstrated a similar proton-deuterium exchange on a model compound, 1-methyl-3, 4-dihydro-β-carboline, in CD3OD solution.

Structure Revision of Mitragynaline, an Indole Alkaloid in Mitragyna speciosa.

Abstract: The structure of mitragynaline, an indole alkaloid isolated from Malaysian Mitragyna speciosa, was revised as formula 3 by analysis of the NMR spectra measured at low temperature and by chemical transformation with DDQ oxidation from the known alkaloid mitragynine ( 5 ).