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Industrial Revolution

About: Industrial Revolution is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2201 publications have been published within this topic receiving 54310 citations. The topic is also known as: Industrial revolution & First Industrial Revolution.


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Book
01 Jan 1990
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the evolution and dynamics of technological change in the Middle Ages, the Renaissance and the Industrial Revolution, and the later Nineteenth century of the 20th century.
Abstract: Part I: Introduction Part II: Classical antiquity The Middle Ages The Renaissance and beyond The years of miracles: the Industrial Revolution The later Nineteenth century Part III: Understanding technological progress Classical and medieval technology China and Europe The industrial revolution: Britain and Europe Part IV: Evolution and the dynamics of technological change

2,248 citations

Book
01 Jan 1999
TL;DR: Natural capital refers to the earth's natural resources and the ecological systems that provide vital life-support services to society and all living things as mentioned in this paper. But current business practices typically fail to take into account the value of these assets, which is rising with their scarcity.
Abstract: Previous industrial revolutions made people 100 times more productive when low per-capita output was limiting progress in exploiting a seemingly boundless natural world. Today we face a different pattern of scarcity: abundant people and labor-saving machines, but diminishing natural capital. Natural capital refers to the earth’s natural resources and the ecological systems that provide vital life-support services to society and all living things. These services are of immense economic value; some are literally priceless, since they have no known substitutes. Yet current business practices typically fail to take into account the value of these assets—which is rising with their scarcity. As a result, natural capital is being degraded and liquidated by the very wasteful use of resources such as energy, materials, water, fiber, and topsoil. The next industrial revolution, like the previous ones, will be a response to changing patterns of scarcity. It will create upheaval, but more importantly, it will create opportunities. Natural capitalism is a new business model that enables companies to fully realize these opportunities. The journey to natural capitalism involves four major shifts in business practices, all vitally interlinked: • Radically increase the productivity of natural resources. Through fundamental changes in both production design and technology, farsighted companies are developing ways to make natural resources—energy, minerals, water, forests—stretch 5, 10, even 100 times further than they do today. The resulting savings in operational costs, capital investment, and time can help natural capitalists implement the other three principles. • Shift to biologically inspired production models and materials. Natural capitalism seeks not merely to reduce waste but to eliminate the very concept of waste. In closed-loop production systems, modeled on nature’s designs, every output either is returned harmlessly to the ecosystem as a nutrient, like compost, or becomes an input for another manufacturing process. Industrial processes that emulate the benign chemistry of nature reduce dependence on nonrenewable inputs, make possible often phenomenally more efficient production, and can result in elegantly simple products that rival anything man-made. • Move to a “service-and-flow” business model. The business model of traditional manufacturing rests on the sale of goods. In the new model, value is instead delivered as a continuous flow of services—such as providing illumination rather than selling light bulbs. This aligns the interests of providers and customers in ways that reward them for resource productivity. • Reinvest in natural capital. Capital begets more capital; a company that depletes its own capital is eroding the basis Synopsis

1,596 citations

Book
01 Jan 1934
TL;DR: The first comprehensive attempt in English to portray the development of the machine age over the last thousand years was made by Lewis Mumford as discussed by the authors, who argued that it was the moral, economic, and political choices we made, not the machines that we used, that determined our industrially driven economy.
Abstract: "Technics and Civilization" first presented its compelling history of the machine and critical study of its effects on civilization in 1934 - before television, the personal computer, and the Internet even appeared on our periphery. Drawing upon art, science, philosophy, and the history of culture, Lewis Mumford explained the origin of the machine age and traced its social results, asserting that the development of modern technology had its roots in the Middle Ages rather than the Industrial Revolution. Mumford sagely argued that it was the moral, economic, and political choices we made, not the machines that we used, that determined our industrially driven economy. Equal parts powerful history and polemic, "Technics and Civilization" was the first comprehensive attempt in English to portray the development of the machine age over the last thousand years - and to predict the pull the technological still holds over us today.

1,570 citations

Book
12 Sep 1986
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the evolution of control as the engine of the information society and present a vision of the control as an essential life process in the modern world, and present an approach towards an information society from control crisis to control revolution.
Abstract: 1. Introduction PART I: Living Systems, Technology, and the Evolution of Control 2. Programming and Control: The Essential Life Process 3. Evolution of Control: Culture and Society PART II: Industrialization, Processing Speed, and the Crisis of control 4. From tradition to rationally: Distributing Control 5. Toward Industrialization: Controlling Energy and Speed 6. Industrial Revolution and the Crisis of Control PART III: Toward an Information Society: From Control Crisis to Control Revolution 7. Revolution in Control of Mass Production and Distribution 8. Revolution in Control of Mass Consumption 9. Revolution in Generalized Control: Data Processing and Bureaucracy 10. Conclusions: Control as Engine of the Information Society References Index

1,108 citations

Book
09 Apr 2009
TL;DR: In this article, Allen argues that the British industrial revolution was a successful response to the global economy of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, and that in Britain wages were high and capital and energy cheap in comparison to other countries in Europe and Asia.
Abstract: Why did the industrial revolution take place in eighteenth-century Britain and not elsewhere in Europe or Asia? In this convincing new account Robert Allen argues that the British industrial revolution was a successful response to the global economy of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. He shows that in Britain wages were high and capital and energy cheap in comparison to other countries in Europe and Asia. As a result, the breakthrough technologies of the industrial revolution - the steam engine, the cotton mill, and the substitution of coal for wood in metal production - were uniquely profitable to invent and use in Britain. The high wage economy of pre-industrial Britain also fostered industrial development since more people could afford schooling and apprenticeships. It was only when British engineers made these new technologies more cost-effective during the nineteenth century that the industrial revolution would spread around the world.

972 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023360
2022856
202175
2020125
2019138
2018124