Topic
Inertia
About: Inertia is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 12006 publications have been published within this topic receiving 164291 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the role of inertia, stiffness, and friction parameters on preseismic motion was investigated in a one-dimensional model of a homogeneous fault, with rate and state variable friction.
Abstract: Laboratory studies suggest that earthquake nucleation involves a transition from quasi-static slip when inertial effects are negligible to inertia-driven, dynamic motion. This transition occurs via quasi-dynamic motion, during which the effects of inertia become increasingly important. The characteristics of this transition, which depend on frictional properties of the fault, determine the observability of earthquake nucleation by seismic, geodetic, or other means. By investigating the role of inertia during nucleation, we obtain a quantitative definition of the limiting velocity Vin, which marks the end of quasi-dynamic motion and the onset of instability. For reasonable friction parameters and fault widths, we obtain estimates of Vin for crustal faults. To study the roles of inertia, stiffness, and friction parameters on preseismic motion, we simulate triggered instabilities in a one-dimensional model of a homogeneous fault, with rate and state variable friction. In most of our simulations, triggering is achieved by applying a stress perturbation to an initially creeping fault under steady state friction. We also investigate triggering on faults which are initially locked and overstressed compared to their nominal frictional strength, due to time-dependent healing. We study the amount, Up, and duration, Tp, of preseismic slip as a function of system mass m and other model parameters. For crustal faults, we interpret the relevant mass as a product of density and fault width and find that wider fault zones result in smaller Up and larger Tp. Both Up and Tp are proportional to the system stiffness K, the characteristic slip distance Dc, and the friction constitutive parameter a and inversely proportional to the size of the triggering event. We find greater Up and Tp for constitutive laws which allow strengthening at zero velocity, compared to laws that require slip or a combination of slip and aging for state evolution. In contrast to quasi-static modeling, our simulations suggest a minimum stress perturbation criterion for instability, which may be interpreted in terms of a strain threshold for triggered seismicity.
86 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a new method dealing with the semi-discretized finite element unilateral contact problem in elastodynamics is presented. But this problem is ill-posed mainly because the nodes on the contact surface have their own inertia.
Abstract: This paper is devoted to a new method dealing with the semi-discretized finite element unilateral contact problem in elastodynamics. This problem is ill-posed mainly because the nodes on the contact surface have their own inertia. We introduce a method based on an equivalent redistribution of the mass matrix such that there is no inertia on the contact boundary. This leads to a mathematically well-posed and energy conserving problem. Finally, some numerical tests are presented.
86 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the concept of structural interface possessing finite width and joining continuous media is presented, and several effects differentiating this model from conventional zero-thickness interfaces are explored for static and dynamic problems.
86 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the evolutionary consequences of architectural inertia in organizations are examined and the main theorem holds that selection favors architectural inertia, in the sense that the median level of inertia in a closed population of organizations increases over time.
Abstract: This article examines some evolutionary consequences of architectural inertia in organizations. The main theorem holds that selection favors architectural inertia in the sense that the median level of inertia in a closed population of organizations increases over time. The other key theorems hold that the selection intensity favoring architectural inertia increases with the levels of intricacy and structural opacity and decreases with cultural asperity.
85 citations
TL;DR: An analytical approximation to the viscous damping coefficient due to the motion of a gas between a pair of closely spaced fluctuating plates in which one of the plates contains a regular system of circular holes is given.
Abstract: The paper gives an analytical approximation to the viscous damping coefficient due to the motion of a gas between a pair of closely spaced fluctuating plates in which one of the plates contains a regular system of circular holes. These types of structures are important parts of many microelectromechanical devices realized in MEMS technology as microphones, microaccelerometers, resonators, etc.
The pressure satisfies a Reynolds’ type equation with coefficients accounting for all the important effects: compressibility of the gas, inertia and possibly slip of the gas on the plates. An analytical expression for the optimum number of circular holes which assure a minimum value of the total damping coefficient is given. This value realizes an equilibrium between the squeeze-film damping and the viscous resistance of the holes.
The paper also provides analytical design formulas to be used in the case of regular circular perforated plates.
85 citations