Topic
Infestation
About: Infestation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8308 publications have been published within this topic receiving 82305 citations.
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TL;DR: Plant resistance is an important component of integrated management of the melon fruit fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) owing to difficulties associated with its chemical control, and fruit length, fruit diameter, number of the longitudinal ribs and number of small ridges had significant positive correlations whereas fruit toughness had significant negative correlations with the percent fruit infestation and larval density.
28 citations
TL;DR: The results of the present study suggest that the link between high load helminth infestation and non‐atopic asthma may be mediated via heightened bronchial responsiveness, possibly due to an inflammatory response to the pulmonary phase of theHelminth life cycle.
Abstract: Non-atopic asthma is the predominant phenotype in non-affluent parts of Latin America. We recently reported that infestation with Ascaris lumbricoides increased the risk of non-atopic asthma in less affluent areas of Brazil but the mechanism is unclear. The present study was conducted to determine whether helminth infestation is associated with heightened bronchial responsiveness (BHR), a common finding in asthma. A random sample of 50 asthmatic and 50 non-asthmatic controls (mean age 10.1 years) were selected from a larger cohort (n = 1,011) without knowledge of their helminth infestation status. Three stool samples were collected from each child on different days and each sample was analyzed by the Kato-Katz method for quantitative determination of helminth eggs. Bronchial provocation tests were performed with inhaled 4.5% hypertonic saline using the ISAAC Phase II standardized protocol. There was no difference between the prevalence of positive BHR in the asthmatics (20.4%) compared with the controls (14.6%) (P = 1.0). Helminth infestation was detected in 24.0% of children, with A. lumbricoides being the most common. Children with high load infestation (>or=100 eggs/g) were five times more likely to have BHR than children with low load or no infestation. Despite the small sample size the results of the present study suggest that the link between high load helminth infestation and non-atopic asthma may be mediated via heightened bronchial responsiveness, possibly due to an inflammatory response to the pulmonary phase of the helminth life cycle.
28 citations
TL;DR: A six year field study was conducted to study the losses in seed yield of different Brassica species by the infestation of insect pests, and B. carinata was highly susceptible to the cabbage caterpillar and suffered the maximum yield loss.
Abstract: A six year field study was conducted from 2001-2002 to 2006-2007 at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India to study the losses in seed yield of different Brassica species (B. juncea, B. napus, B. carinata, B. rapa and Eruca sativa) by the infestation of insect pests. The experiment was conducted in two different sets viz. protected/sprayed and unprotected, in a randomized block design, with three replications. Data on the infestation of insect pests, and seed yield were recorded at weekly intervals and at harvest, respectively. The loss in seed yield, due to mustard aphid and cabbage caterpillar, varied from 6.5 to 26.4 per cent. E. sativa suffered the least loss in seed yield and harboured the minimum population of mustard aphid (2.1 aphids/plant) and cabbage caterpillar (2.4 larvae/plant). On the other hand, B. carinata was highly susceptible to the cabbage caterpillar (26.2 larvae/plant) and suffered the maximum yield loss (26.4%).
28 citations
TL;DR: A year-long survey was made of commercial dairy herds in New York for cattle lice (Anoplura and Mallophaga) and cattle bitting louse, Bovicola bovis, found all herds were infested with lice.
Abstract: A year-long survey was made of commercial dairy herds in New York for cattle lice (Anoplura and Mallophaga) All herds were infested with lice The cattle bitting louse, Bovicola bovis (L), accounted for about 90% of the observed infestations; infestations of mature animals were most common during the winter months, especially March (26% infested); and infestation rates of calves were high (30-45%) from January through June Cows that were housed in stanchion barns were about twice as likely to be infested (247%) as were those in free stalls (111%) Calves housed in individual outdoor hutches had substantially lower infestation rates (45%) than calves maintained inside barns in collective stalls and pens (460%)
27 citations
TL;DR: The results suggested a possible parental care by pea aphids: the adult aphids manipulated JA-related defenses in broad bean plants that had positive effects for their offspring.
Abstract: We studied the effects of previous infestation of broad bean plants by pea aphids Acyrthosiphon pisum on the performance of conspecific nymphs on the plants and the involvement of jasmonic acid (JA)-related defenses. The time needed for newly emerged nymphs to become reproductive adults on broad bean plants previously infested by conspecifics (pre-infested plants) was significantly shorter than on uninfested (control) broad bean plants. The total numbers of nymphs produced by aphids on preinfested and control plants were not significantly different. Preinfested plants produced significantly less endogenous JA than that control plants did. To test the effect of JA decreases, we conducted experiments on the developmental duration of nymphs on broad bean plants treated with JA (JA-treated plants) before infestation. The time needed for nymphs to become reproductive adults on JA treated preinfested broad bean plants was not significantly different from that on JA-treated control plants. The results s...
27 citations