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Infestation

About: Infestation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8308 publications have been published within this topic receiving 82305 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The effect of a previous infestation by the green peach aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) on the settling behaviour and reproduction of the same aphid species was investigated in the resistant peach cultivar Rubira, and compared with that observed in the susceptible control cultivar GF305.
Abstract: The effect of a previous infestation by the green peach aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) on the settling behaviour and reproduction of the same aphid species was investigated in the resistant peach cultivar Rubira, and compared with that observed in the susceptible control cultivar GF305. A previous infestation of 48 h triggered induced resistance in Rubira. There were significantly fewer aphids settling on preinfested than on uninfested plants, indicating an increased rejection of Rubira as a host plant. The level of induced resistance in preinfested plants was positively related to the duration of the first infestation. In GF305, previous infestation had no detrimental effect on aphid settlement and even slightly enhanced larviposition by adult females. The aphid probing behaviour after a 48-h preinfestation was also monitored for 8 h with the electrical peneration graph (EPG) technique. On preinfested GF305, most EPG parameters indicated an enhanced host plant acceptance. On preinfested GF305, aphids produced less sieve element salivation and more continuous sap ingestion than on uninfested GF305, indicating that the previous aphids provoked changes in plant properties beneficial to the test aphids. In Rubira, a major induced factor of resistance was thought to be expressed in the sieve element as phloem sap ingestion was 4-fold shorter on preinfested than on uninfested plants. The time taken by the aphid stylets to reach a sieve element was also significantly increased on preinfested Rubira, suggesting the induction of resistance factors outside the phloem. The originality of the Rubira/M. persicae interaction is discussed in the perspective of a better understanding of plant induced responses to aphids.

76 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The helminth fauna of the Sudan is compared with that of other African countries and five species of adults and four species of larval worms are recorded for the first time in the Sudan.
Abstract: 2419 freshwater fishes from the Sudan were examined for helminth parasites and found to harbour one monogenean species, 15 species of adult digenetic trematodes, three species of larval trematodes, 16 species of adult cestodes, 13 species of adult nematodes, two species of larval nematodes and three species of acanthocephalans. Four species of adults and four species of larval worms are recorded for the first time in the Sudan and 30 new hosts are listed. The intensity of infestation of each species, the host-specificity and the variations in the infestation of fishes are discussed. The helminth fauna of the Sudan is compared with that of other African countries.

75 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results indicate that dogs and birds are primary hosts for adult and immature stages, respectively, of A. aureolatum in nature, and wild guinea pigs are indicated as another potential primary host for immature ticks.
Abstract: In the first part of this study, monthly infestation by ticks was evaluated on dogs from December 2000 to November 2002 in the rural area of Taiacupeba, Sao Paulo. Adults of Amblyomma aureolatum (Pallas) were found on dogs in all months, with a mean prevalence per month of 46.9 ± 15.7% (range, 25–80%). The mean tick relative abundance per month was 2.4 ± 2.7 ticks (range, 0.5–14 ticks), and the mean tick mean intensity per month was 4.7 ± 4.2 ticks (range, 1.5–23.3 ticks). No A. aureolatum immature ticks were found on dogs. In the second part of this study, we studied the life cycle of A. aureolatum in the laboratory. We tested the suitability of six host species for the immature stages and dogs for the adult stage. Tick developmental periods were observed at different temperatures (23, 25, or 27°C), always with RH >95%, which were satisfactory for all free-living developmental stages of the tick life cycle. Chickens and guinea pigs were the most suitable hosts for larvae and nymphs (recovery rat...

75 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
27 Apr 2012-PLOS ONE
TL;DR: Public lighting also directly contributes to house infestation by non-domiciliated T. dimidiata, and behavioral experiments using a dual-choice chamber confirmed that adult male and females were attracted to white light during their nocturnal activity.
Abstract: Triatoma dimidiata is one of the primary vectors of Chagas disease. We previously documented the spatio-temporal infestation of houses by this species in the Yucatan peninsula, Mexico, and found that non-domiciliated triatomines were specifically attracted to houses. However, the factors mediating this attraction remained unclear. Artificial light has been known for a long time to attract many insect species, and therefore may contribute to the spread of different vector-borne diseases. Also, based on the collection of different species of triatomines with light traps, several authors have suggested that light might attract triatomines to houses, but the role of artificial light in house infestation has never been clearly demonstrated and quantified. Here we performed a spatial analysis of house infestation pattern by T. dimidiata in relation to the distribution of artificial light sources in three different villages from the Yucatan peninsula, Mexico. In all three villages, infested houses were significantly closer to public street light sources than non-infested houses (18.0 ± 0.6 vs 22.6 ± 0.4 m), and street lights rather than domestic lights were associated with house infestation. Accordingly, houses closer to a public street lights were 1.64 times more likely to be infested than houses further away (OR, CI95% 1.23-2.18). Behavioral experiments using a dual-choice chamber further confirmed that adult male and females were attracted to white light during their nocturnal activity. Attraction was also dependent on light color and decreased with increasing wavelength. While public lighting is usually associated with increased development, these data clearly show that it also directly contributes to house infestation by non-domiciliated T. dimidiata.

75 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Peppers (Capsicum annuum) were grown in three fields in which main plots were irrigated either on a more frequent or less frequent basis, and soil in subplots was left uninfested or was infested 5-6 wk after transplanting with one of three inoculum densities of Phytophthora capsici.
Abstract: Peppers (Capsicum annuum) were grown in three fields in which main plots were irrigated either on a more frequent or less frequent basis. Soil in subplots was left uninfested or was infested 5-6 wk after transplanting with one of three inoculum densities of Phytophthora capsici. In the Clayton field in 1988, where rainfall was low (16 cm), disease onset occurred 26 days after infestation in plots that were drip irrigated more frequently, whereas disease onset occurred 39 days after infestation in plots that were drip irrigated less frequently (...)

75 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20241
2023602
20221,428
2021276
2020344
2019294