Topic
Infestation
About: Infestation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8308 publications have been published within this topic receiving 82305 citations.
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TL;DR: The incidence of the shell-boring parasite Polydora ciliata in Mytilus edulis from the Conwy estuary, North Wales is described, and amongst mussels >40 mm in shell length both the occurrence and abundance of P. ciliate increased steeply with host size.
Abstract: The incidence of the shell-boring parasite Polydora ciliata in Mytilus edulis from the Conwy estuary, North Wales is described. Amongst mussels >40 mm in shell length both the occurrence and abundance of P. ciliate increased steeply with host size. Infestation was highest amongst mussels near the mouth of the estuary where around 60–65% of the population was parasitized; no systematic relationship between the incidence of P. ciliata and tidal elevation was observed. Mussel condition was negatively correlated with the degree of infestation. Moderately and heavily infested mussels, however, never accounted for more than ca. 10% of this population and the overall detrimental effects of P. ciliata on growth and production is thus probably quite small. Whilst heavily infested mussels were evidently more vulnerable to predation, the shore crab, Carcinus maenas, selected smaller, non-infested mussels whenever these were available. No obvious relationships were found between the presence of P. ciliata and the incidence of either pearls or pea crabs.
40 citations
TL;DR: Correlation coefficients among damage traits show that general appearance rating may be an useful indicator of resistance to lepidopterous pests although further research is needed.
Abstract: Kale (Brassica oleracea L. acephala) is common in northwestern Spain where it is severely damaged by different insect pests. Damage could be reduced by using resistant varieties. The objectives of this work were to evaluate the resistance of kale populations to leaf damage by lepidopterous pests, to determine which traits are the best indicators of resistance, and finally to study the relationship between the glossy phenotype and resistance. Fifteen kale populations, sowed early and late, were evaluated at two locations in northwestern Spain. Significant differences among genotypes were found for all damage traits. Damage was not related to planting dates. Highest levels of damage were observed from July to November. Some populations with different performance under natural infestation in 1999 were again evaluated in 2000 under artificial infestation with Mamestra brassicae (L.) eggs. Two accessions, MBG-BRS0142 and MBG-BRS0170, showed resistance to attack by lepidopterous pests. Correlation coef...
40 citations
TL;DR: Seasonal variation in most of the metazoan parasites of a Wood mouse population was investigated by a statistical analysis of their frequencies in 11 samples of about 30 mice trapped regularly over one year.
Abstract: Seasonal variation in most of the metazoan parasites of a Wood mouse population was investigated by a statistical analysis of their frequencies in 11 samples of about 30 mice trapped regularly over one year. Numbers of the flea Ctenophthalmus nobilis, most mesostigmatid mites and the beetle Leptinus testaceus were correlated with breeding in the mouse population and may have been directly linked with it as all ofthese arthropods are common in Wood mouse nests. The tick Ixodes ricinus was abundant over the summer but scarce in winter. Its preponderance on male hosts is doubtless because they cover more ground than females. Flukes were commonest in summer, probably as a result ofthe period of intensive feeding on invertebrates by the mice which usually occurs in early summer. Female mice were more heavily infected, perhaps because of their increased food requirements in the breeding season. Abundance of flukes declined with the turnover in the mouse population in autumn. The infestation pattern of the nematode Capillaria muris sylvatici is similar and the possibility of an invertebrate vector is discussed. While older mice were generally more heavily infected with helminths than were young, this was least marked in the tapeworm Cataenotaenia lobata (which most likely has a mite as an intermediate host and may be picked up as soon as juveniles start grooming) and the roundworm Syphacia stroma (eggs of which are almost certainly transferred by body contact between hosts)
40 citations
TL;DR: The infestation was somewhat higher in spring, summer, and autumn than in winter, but no statistical differences was found among seasons, and it appeared that flea life cycle development continued throughout the year.
Abstract: The seasonal occurrence of Ctenocephalides felis felis (Bouche and Ctenocephalides canis (Curtis) infestation on dogs and cats in Cuernavaca City in Mexico, was determined by examining 1,803 dogs and 517 cats at two veterinary clinics during 1995-1997. The overall flea infestation was 30.3 and 30.1% for dogs and cats, respectively. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in percentage of infestation among years for both hosts. The infestation was somewhat higher in spring, summer, and autumn than in winter, but no statistical differences was found among seasons (P > 0.05) for both pets. No relationship existed between percentage of flea infestation and temperature or rainfall among seasons. On dogs, 81.1% were infested with only C. felis felis, 16.8% with C. canis, and 2% had both flea species; whereas 92.3% of the cats were infested with C. felis felis and 7.7% with C. felis felis and C. canis. The cat flea was the most prevalent flea species found other than C. canis; no other species were found on the dogs and cats. It appeared that flea life cycle development continued throughout the year.
40 citations
TL;DR: The effects of woodpeckers on populations of the Engelmann spruce beetle can be evaluated by classifying woodpecker work and measuring the intensity of beetle infestation in the tree.
Abstract: Woodpeckers have been recognized for many years as a major factor in the natural reduction of Engelmann spruce beetle populations. A means of assessing their value has been developed.
Five classifications of woodpecker feeding based on wood pecker work on 225 trees were studied.
An analysis of population measurements showed a correlation between beetle survival and the woodpecker classification and the intensity of infestation in each tree. A heavy woodpecker classification resulted in very little survival at all intensities of infestation. Survival increased both with an increase in intensity of infestation and a lower woodpecker classification.
The average reduction in populations increased progressively from 45 to 98 per cent as the woodpecker classification, which was highly correlated with caged survival, progressed from light to heavy. After woodpecker feeding, numerical survival of beetles was greatest in the moderate classification.
The effects of woodpeckers on populations of the Engelmann spruce beetle can be evaluated by classifying woodpecker work and measuring the intensity of beetle infestation in the tree.
40 citations