Showing papers on "Injection locking published in 2012"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used active resonant cavity injection locking for optical frequency combs and achieved an effective signal processing bandwidth in excess of 1 THz for optical waveform synthesis and detection.
Abstract: This paper presents recent results in the development of novel ultrafast technologies based on the generation and application of stabilized optical frequency combs By using novel active resonant cavity injection locking techniques, filtering, modulation and detection can be performed directly on individual components of the frequency comb enabling new approaches to optical waveform synthesis, waveform detection and matched filtering, with effective signal processing bandwidths in excess of 1 THz
85 citations
01 Nov 2012
TL;DR: An ADPLL-based clock generator is presented that employs a fractional-injection-locking method that exploits the multiphase output of a ring oscillator.
59 citations
TL;DR: A coherently injection-locked single-mode WRC-FPLD can perform both the back-to-back and the 25-km-SMF 16-QAM-52-OFDM transmissions with a symbol rate of 20-MSa/s in each OFDM subcarrier.
Abstract: Coherently injection-locked and directly modulated weak-resonant-cavity laser diode (WRC-FPLD) for back-to-back optical 16-quadrature-amplitude-modulation (QAM) and 52-subcarrier orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmission with maximum bit rate up to 4 Gbit/s at carrier frequency of 2.5 GHz is demonstrated. The WRC-FPLD transmitter source is a specific design with very weak-resonant longitudinal modes to preserve its broadband gain spectral characteristics for serving as a colorless WDM-PON transmitter. Under coherent injection-locking, the relative-intensity noise (RIN) of the injection-locked WRC-FPLD can be suppressed to −105 dBc/Hz and the error vector magnitude of the received optical OFDM data is greatly reduced with the amplitude error suppressed down 5.5%. Such a coherently injection-locked single-mode WRC-FPLD can perform both the back-to-back and the 25-km-SMF 16-QAM-52-OFDM transmissions with a symbol rate of 20-MSa/s in each OFDM subcarrier. After coherent injection locking, the BER of the back-to-back transmitted 16-QAM-52-OFDM data is reduced to 2.5 × 10−5 at receiving power of −10 dBm. After propagating along a 25-km-long SMF, a receiving power sensitivity of −7.5 dBm is required to obtain a lowest BER of 2.5 × 10−5, and a power penalty of 2.7 dB is observed when comparing with the back-to-back transmission.
59 citations
TL;DR: A highly-integrated optical phase-locked loop with a phase/frequency detector and a single-sideband mixer (SSBM) has been proposed and demonstrated for the first time.
Abstract: A highly-integrated optical phase-locked loop with a phase/frequency detector and a single-sideband mixer (SSBM) has been proposed and demonstrated for the first time. A photonic integrated circuit (PIC) has been designed, fabricated and tested, together with an electronic IC (EIC). The PIC integrates a widely-tunable sampled-grating distributed-Bragg-reflector laser, an optical 90 degree hybrid and four high-speed photodetectors on the InGaAsP/InP platform. The EIC adds a single-sideband mixer, and a digital phase/frequency detector, to provide single-sideband heterodyne locking from −9 GHz to 7.5 GHz. The loop bandwith is 400 MHz.
57 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a 50-Mb/s quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK)/off-Quadrature QPSK/O-QPSk (O-O-PSK) was proposed for biomedical high-quality imaging application.
Abstract: A 50-Mb/s quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK)/offset quadrature phase-shift keying (O-QPSK) transmitter suitable for biomedical high-quality imaging application is presented. Centered at 915 MHz, the phase modulation is achieved by directly modifying the self-resonant frequency of an LC voltage-controlled oscillator through capacitor bank switching. By eliminating many unnecessary building blocks in the conventional QPSK/O-QPSK transmitter, significant power and area savings are achieved. Implemented in 0.18- μm CMOS technology, it occupies an active core area of 0.28 mm2. With 305-MHz injection frequency and consuming 5.6 mW under 1.4-V supply, the transmitter achieves error vector magnitude (EVM) of 11.4%/5.97% for O-QPSK/QPSK modulation while delivering output power of -3 dBm at 50 Mb/s. By lowering the injection frequency to 101.67 MHz, it consumes 5.88 mW under the same supply voltages while delivering an output power of -3.3 dBm. The transmitter achieves measured EVM of 6.4% at 50 Mb/s under QPSK modulation.
46 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the nonlinear period-one (P1) dynamics of a semiconductor laser for radio-over-fiber uplink transmission and showed that the proposed P1 state provides wide, continuous, and optically-controlled tunability for the uplink subcarrier frequency, which exceeds the laser modulation bandwidth.
Abstract: Nonlinear period-one (P1) dynamics of a semiconductor laser are investigated for radio-over-fiber uplink transmission. By optical injection locking, the laser in a base station is driven into the P1 oscillation state, which is further locked by the uplink microwave signal through modulation on the bias current. Due to double locking by both the optical injection and current modulation, the uplink microwave signal is converted into an optical signal for transmission to the central office. Comprehensive numerical simulations reveal that the proposed uplink transmission based on the P1 state provides wide, continuous, and optically-controlled tunability for the uplink subcarrier frequency, which exceeds the laser modulation bandwidth. The laser with a relaxation resonance frequency of only 10.25 GHz is shown to support subcarrier frequencies reaching 60 GHz. Compared to the commonly used stable injection locking state and the free-running state, the proposed P1 state generates the microwave oscillation by the inherent nonlinear dynamics and thus reduces the requirement on the uplink signal strength for low-error transmission. Both electrical demodulation and all-optical demodulation are investigated, where the latter is found to be better in terms of the immunity to dispersion and the speed requirement on optoelectronic conversion. The results illustrate the capability of using the P1 oscillation state for optically controlled uplink transmissions.
45 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the generation and application of wide narrow linewidth optical frequency combs using dual-mode injection-locking of InP quantum-dash mode-locked lasers.
Abstract: In this paper, we describe generation and application of wide narrow linewidth optical frequency combs using dual-mode injection-locking of InP quantum-dash mode-locked lasers. First, the dependence of the RF locking-range on the device's absorber voltage is experimentally investigated. Under optimized absorber voltage, a continuous wide RF locking-range of ${\approx}{\rm 400}~{\rm MHz}$ is achievable for lasers with 21 GHz repetition rate. The total RF locking-range of ${\approx}{\rm 440}~{\rm MHz}$ is possible considering locking-range for positive and negative absorber voltages. This wide tuning ${>}2{\%}$ of the repetition rate, a record for a monolithic mode-locked laser, is reported from a two-section device without any additional passive section or extended-cavity for repetition rate tuning. It is shown that the effective RF locking-range in dual-mode injection corresponds to the optical locking-range and repetition rate tuning under CW injection, which is wider when the free-running mode-locking operation is “less stable.” The widest comb consists of 35 narrow lines within 10 dB of the peak, spanning ${\approx}{\rm 0.7}~{\rm THz}$ and generating 3.7 ps pulses. Second, we show the first demonstration of multi pump phase-synchronization of two 10 Gb/s DPSK channels in a phase-sensitive amplifier using dual-mode injection-locking technique. The phase-sensitive amplifier based on the “black box” scheme shows more than 7 dB phase-sensitive gain and error free performance for both input channels with 1 dB penalty.
44 citations
03 Apr 2012
TL;DR: In this paper, an ADPLL-based clock generator is presented that employs a fractional-injection-locking method that exploits the multiphase output of a ring oscillator.
Abstract: Injection locking is an effective method to reduce the jitter of clock generators especially for a ring oscillator-based PLL that has poor phase noise [1–3]. While the use of injection locking reduces the output jitter, one disadvantage is that the output frequency can be changed only by integer multiples of the reference frequency, if it can be changed at all. In this work, an ADPLL-based clock generator is presented that employs a fractional-injection-locking method that exploits the multiphase output of a ring oscillator. The clock generator achieves an average of 4.23ps rms jitter and a frequency resolution of 1MHz while using a reference clock of 32MHz.
43 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an external signal injected from the end of a relativistic backward wave oscillator is used to pull in the starting oscillation process and remaining stable in the later stationary oscillation.
Abstract: To achieve phase locking of high power microwave oscillators on a relatively weak coupling strength, an inducing phase locking method is investigated. With an external signal injected from the end of relativistic backward wave oscillator, the frequency and phase of the output microwave is pulling in the starting oscillation process and remaining stable in the later stationary oscillation process. The simulation results indicate that injecting of inducing signal prior to the onset of natural oscillations is necessary, while the duration of injection, power of injection and locking bandwidth are not limited by classic Adler’s law.
37 citations
TL;DR: This study reports for the first time to the knowledge theoretical investigation of modulation responses of injection-locked mid-infrared quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) at wavelengths of 4.6 μm and 9 μm, and shows that an ultrawide modulation bandwidth of more than 200 GHz is possible with a 10 dB injection ratio for QCLs at 9μm.
Abstract: In this study, we report for the first time to our knowledge theoretical investigation of modulation responses of injection-locked mid-infrared quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) at wavelengths of 4.6 μm and 9 μm, respectively. It is shown through a three-level rate equations model that the direct intensity modulation of QCLs gives the maximum modulation bandwidths of ~7 GHz at 4.6 μm and ~20 GHz at 9 μm. By applying the injection locking scheme, we find that the modulation bandwidths of up to ~30 GHz and ~70 GHz can be achieved for QCLs at 4.6 μm and 9 μm, respectively, with an injection ratio of 5 dB. The result also shows that an ultrawide modulation bandwidth of more than 200 GHz is possible with a 10 dB injection ratio for QCLs at 9 μm. An important characteristic of injection-locked QCLs is the nonexistence of unstable locking region in the locking map, in contrast to their diode laser counterparts. We attribute this to the ultra-short upper laser state lifetimes of QCLs.
36 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a phase-preserving limiter based on injection locking a semiconductor laser is fully investigated as an amplitude limiter for 10 Gb/s constant envelope phase encoded signals.
Abstract: In this study, a phase-preserving limiter based on injection locking a semiconductor laser is fully investigated as an amplitude limiter for 10 Gb/s constant envelope phase encoded signals. A theoretical analysis on the modulation bandwidth and the modulation transfer function of the injection locked laser is carried out targeting to identify the operational characteristics and the regeneration properties of the proposed amplitude limiter. The theoretical analysis demonstrates the potential of the specific limiter to amplify 25 Gbaud phase modulated signals with simultaneous regeneration of its amplitude properties. Subsequently an experimental investigation demonstrates the performance of the proposed regenerator and addresses its potential exploitation in future optical networks. The specific limiter exhibits significant amplitude noise squeezing capability and extreme implementation simplicity.
TL;DR: A monolithic 1645 nm Er:YAG nonplanar ring oscillator (NPRO) resonantly pumped by a 1532 nm fiber laser is demonstrated and a 0.5% doped Er: YAG nonPlanar crystal was used for reducing the energy-transfer upconversion effect.
Abstract: A monolithic 1645 nm Er:YAG nonplanar ring oscillator (NPRO) resonantly pumped by a 1532 nm fiber laser is demonstrated. For reducing the energy-transfer upconversion effect, a 0.5% doped Er:YAG nonplanar crystal was used. An up to 6.1 W single frequency laser output at 1645 nm was obtained, with a slope efficiency of 55.2% and an optical efficiency of 48.0%. The linewidth of the Er:YAG NPRO was 14.4 kHz.
TL;DR: An all-optical generation of a millimeter wave carrier from a multiwavelength Brillouin-erbium fiber laser is presented and temperature dependence characteristic of BrillouIn frequency shift realize the flexibility of generated millimeter waves frequency to be tuned at 6.6 MHz/ °C.
Abstract: An all-optical generation of a millimeter wave carrier from a multiwavelength Brillouin-erbium fiber laser is presented. Four-channel output with spacing of about 21.5 GHz is generated from the fiber laser by controlling the gain in the cavity. A dual-wavelength signal with spacing correspondent to six orders of Brillouin frequency shift is obtained by suppressing the two channels at the middle. Heterodyning these signals at the high-speed photodetector produces a millimeter wave carrier at 64.17 GHz. Temperature dependence characteristic of Brillouin frequency shift realize the flexibility of generated millimeter wave frequency to be tuned at 6.6 MHz/ °C.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigate the range of injection power and frequency detuning for which bistability of the injection-locked semiconductor Fabry-Perot laser diode can be achieved and preserved.
Abstract: In this paper, we investigate the range of injection power and frequency detuning for which bistability of the injection-locked semiconductor Fabry-Perot laser diode can be achieved and preserved. The analysis is based on a detailed model of the multimode rate equations and material gain. The stationary analysis shows that there is a region of the injection power and detuning for which the laser has three stationary states. However, the stability analysis shows that for a wide range of injection powers and detuning, the two of three stationary states are stable and provide bistability. One of these states is the result of injection locking, whereas the other is mainly a consequence of the interplay between injection-locked and unlocked modes. The difference of the side-mode-suppression ratio between the stable states is of the order of 20 dB and it can increase with detuning and decrease with mode order.
TL;DR: Injection locking characteristics of oscillators are studied both qualitatively and analytically and the closed-form expressions of frequency-pulling and spectrum of the unlocked driven oscillator is estimated with negligible amplitude perturbation.
Abstract: Injection locking characteristics of oscillators are studied both qualitatively and analytically and the closed-form expressions of frequency-pulling and spectrum of the unlocked driven oscillator is estimated with negligible amplitude perturbation. Modifications in spectrum, lock range, and pulling of the oscillator are shown under significant amplitude perturbation. Also an approximate expression of amplitude perturbation is presented. Numerical simulations and experimental results describing the oscillator's pulling process under significant amplitude perturbation are given.
12 Mar 2012
TL;DR: This work presents a general technique for analysing sub-harmonic injection locking that applies uniformly to any kind of oscillator, is highly predictive, and offers novel insights into fundamental properties of SHIL that are useful for design.
Abstract: Sub-harmonic injection locking (SHIL) is an interesting phenomenon in nonlinear oscillators that is useful in RF applications, e.g., for frequency division. Existing techniques for analysis and design of SHIL are limited to a few specific circuit topologies. We present a general technique for analysing SHIL that applies uniformly to any kind of oscillator, is highly predictive, and offers novel insights into fundamental properties of SHIL that are useful for design. We demonstrate the power of the technique by applying it to ring and LC oscillators and predicting the presence or absence of SHIL, the number of distinct locks and their stability properties, lock range, etc.. We present comparisons with SPICE-level simulations to validate our method's predictions.1
TL;DR: In this paper, a pilot-carrier coherent low-earth-orbit (LEO) satellite-to-ground downlink system using an optical injection phase lock loop (OIPLL) technique is proposed and its feasibility under Doppler frequency shift conditions is demonstrated.
Abstract: A pilot-carrier coherent low-earth-orbit (LEO) satellite to ground (LEO-to-Ground) downlink system using an optical injection phase lock loop (OIPLL) technique is proposed and its feasibility under Doppler frequency shift conditions is demonstrated. A fiber-optic based experimental system is configured and it is demonstrated that a 10 Gbps BPSK transmission system based on the proposed configuration can successfully maintain stable frequency and phase locking status under simulated Doppler frequency shift conditions. It is demonstrated that the stable locking status is maintained over a 10.3 GHz (54 ppm) frequency offset with a maximum rate-of-change of up to 32.4 GHz/s (168 ppm/s), which is ample to meet the requirement for a coherent LEO-to-Ground downlink system. The locking capability of the experimental system for more rapidly changing Doppler frequency shift is investigated. It is shown that the OIPLL receiver remains locked for maximum rates of change of 2.6 THz/s (13 500 ppm/s) or more for peak-to-peak frequency offsets up to 2 GHz (10.7 ppm). The phase noise performance of the system is also investigated and phase noise power of less than -100 dBc/Hz at greater than 1 MHz offset frequency is achieved even if the received laser signal suffers from a simulated Doppler frequency shift with peak-to-peak frequency offset of 2.4 GHz (12.5 ppm) and maximum rate of change of 750 GHz/s (3 900 ppm/s).
TL;DR: In this article, a wide-frequency-range phase-locked loop (PLL) with subharmonic injection locking is proposed, equipped with a wide tunable ring-type voltage-controlled oscillator (ring VCO), frequency dividers, and a doubler.
Abstract: A wide-frequency-range phase-locked loop (PLL) with subharmonic injection locking is proposed. The PLL is equipped with a wide tunable ring-type voltage-controlled oscillator (ring VCO), frequency dividers, and a doubler in order to the widen injection-locked tuning range (ILTR). In addition, high-frequency injection signals are used to improve phase noise, which is supposed to be generated by a reference PLL. The proposed circuit is fabricated by using a 65 nm Si complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process. The measured frequency tuning range is from 1.2 to 17.6 GHz with a frequency doubler and dividers. The phase noise at 14.4 GHz (=32×450 MHz) with injection locking was -109 dBc/Hz, which shows a 21-dB reduction compared with that in the case without injection locking.
TL;DR: In this article, a novel technique for optical injection locking of two semiconductor lasers through high-order Brillouin Stokes components in optical fiber was proposed and experimentally demonstrated, and significant narrowing of the locked slave semiconductor laser linewidth was recorded.
Abstract: A novel technique for optical injection locking of two semiconductor lasers through high-order Brillouin Stokes components in optical fiber is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The configuration potentially provides microwave signals generation at manifold Brillouin frequency without high-frequency external modulator and generator. Significant narrowing of the locked slave semiconductor laser linewidth was recorded.
06 May 2012
TL;DR: Stabilization of an injection-locked optical frequency comb is achieved through polarization spectroscopy of an active laser cavity, eliminating optical PM sidebands inherent in previous stabilization methods as mentioned in this paper, achieving optical SNR of 35 dB.
Abstract: Stabilization of an injection locked optical frequency comb is achieved through polarization spectroscopy of an active laser cavity, eliminating optical PM sidebands inherent in previous stabilization methods. Optical SNR of 35 dB is achieved.
04 Mar 2012
TL;DR: In this paper, an injection-locked laser based pilot carrier enhancement technique is proposed for self-coherent OFDM, and an improvement of 2.2 dB is observed when compared to the Fabry-Perot filter based self-coder.
Abstract: An injection-locked laser based pilot carrier enhancement technique is proposed for self-coherent OFDM. An improvement of 2.2 dB is observed when compared to Fabry-Perot filter based self-coherent OFDM.
17 Jun 2012
TL;DR: In this article, a subharmonically injection-locked quadrature oscillator is demonstrated in a 40nm low-power (LP) digital CMOS technology and a large locking range (10GHz) is achieved using transformer-coupled resonators.
Abstract: A mm-wave subharmonically injection-locked quadrature oscillator is demonstrated in a 40nm low-power (LP) digital CMOS technology. A large locking range (10GHz), tunable over the 52–66GHz band, is achieved using transformer-coupled resonators. A simple calibration scheme is proposed that only relies on a relative power measurement of the oscillator output signal. The wide locking range, the wide tunability and the simple calibration scheme make this injection-locked quadrature oscillator design suitable for frequency synthesis in mm-wave CMOS communication systems.
Patent•
21 Dec 2012
TL;DR: In this article, phase correlated seeding of parametric mixer and for generating coherent frequency combs is described. But the phase correlation of the input (seed) waves can be achieved by electro-optical modulator and a single master laser.
Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide apparatuses and methods for phase correlated seeding of parametric mixer and for generating coherent frequency combs. The parametric mixer may use two phase-correlated optical waves with different carrier frequencies to generate new optical waves centered at frequencies differing from the input waves, while retaining the input wave coherent properties. In the case when parametric mixer is used to generate frequency combs with small frequency pitch, the phase correlation of the input (seed) waves can be achieved by electro-optical modulator and a single master laser. In the case when frequency comb possessing a frequency pitch that is larger than frequency modulation that can be affected by electro-optic modulator, the phase correlation of the input (seed) waves is achieved by combined use of an electro-optical modulator and injection locking to a single or multiple slave lasers.
TL;DR: Injection locking is used to multiply the repetition rate of a passively mode-locked femtosecond fiber laser from 40 MHz to 1 GHz while preserving optical phase coherence between the master laser and the slave output.
Abstract: We have used injection locking to multiply the repetition rate of a passively mode-locked femtosecond fiber laser from 40 MHz to 1 GHz while preserving optical phase coherence between the master laser and the slave output. The system is implemented almost completely in fiber and incorporates gain and passive saturable absorption. The slave repetition rate is set to a rational harmonic of the master repetition rate, inducing pulse formation at the least common multiple of the master and slave repetition rates.
Patent•
04 Oct 2012TL;DR: In this article, the first half of a first relative position switch is mounted to the first oscillator and the second oscillator is mounted on the second position switch, such that the first position switch passes through a closed state in each oscillation when the first and second switch halves pass by each other.
Abstract: A resonator comprising: a frame; a first oscillator configured to oscillate with respect to the frame; a first driver configured to drive the first oscillator at the first oscillator's resonant frequency; a first half of a first relative position switch mounted to the first oscillator; a second oscillator having substantially the same resonant frequency as the first oscillator, wherein the first and second oscillators are designed to respond in substantially the same manner to external perturbations to the frame; a second half of the first relative position switch mounted to the second oscillator; and wherein as the first oscillator oscillates there is relative motion between the first and second oscillators such that the first relative position switch passes through a closed state in each oscillation when the first and second switch halves pass by each other.
TL;DR: A degenerate femtosecond optical parametric oscillator that is synchronously pumped by a mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser at 1 GHz repetition rate is reported.
Abstract: We report a degenerate femtosecond optical parametric oscillator (OPO) that is synchronously pumped by a mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser at 1 GHz repetition rate. The OPO produces an 85 nm (10 THz) wide frequency comb centered at 1.6 μm. Stable long-term operation with >100 mW of average output power has been achieved.
TL;DR: In this article, experimental observations on the occurrence of rare disruptive events in the polarisation-resolved dynamics of 1550nm vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) when subject to orthogonally-polarized optical injection are presented.
Abstract: Presented are experimental observations on the occurrence of rare disruptive events in the polarisation-resolved dynamics of 1550nm vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) when subject to orthogonally-polarised optical injection. These events, characterised by high amplitude pulses, appeared individually and simultaneously in the two orthogonal polarisations of the fundamental transverse mode of the device. They could be observed in different regions of dynamic behaviour, including stable injection locking and chaos.
Patent•
12 Mar 2012
TL;DR: In this article, an injection-locked-type signal-controlled oscillator capable of stable operation and exhibiting low phase noise is presented. But the circuit configuration is the same as that of the first injection-lock-type oscillator, and no reference clock signal is injected.
Abstract: Provided is an injection-locked-type frequency-locked oscillator capable of stable operation and exhibiting low phase noise. This injection-locked-type frequency-locked oscillator comprises: a locked loop ( 10 ) provided with a first injection-locked-type signal-controlled oscillator ( 14 ); and a second injection-locked-type signal-controlled oscillator ( 20 ). In the first injection-locked-type signal-controlled oscillator ( 14 ), an output frequency signal is made variable by an oscillation frequency control signal, and no reference clock signal is injected. In the second injection-locked-type signal-controlled oscillator ( 20 ), a reference clock signal corresponding to a reference clock signal of the locked loop ( 10 ) is injected, an oscillation frequency control signal corresponding to the same oscillation frequency control signal as the oscillation frequency control signal to the first injection-locked-type signal-controlled oscillation ( 14 ) is inputted, the circuit configuration is the same as that of the first injection-locked-type signal-controlled oscillator, and a desired frequency signal is outputted.
TL;DR: In this article, a 1/2 dual-injection-locked frequency divider (dual-ILFD) with wide locking range and low power consumption is proposed, analyzed, and developed together with a divide-by-2 current-mode logic (CML) divider.
Abstract: A new 1/2 dual-injection-locked frequency divider (dual-ILFD) with wide locking range and low-power consumption is proposed, analyzed, and developed together with a divide-by-2 current-mode logic (CML) divider. The chip was fabricated using a 0.18-μm BiCMOS process. The 1/2 dual-ILFD enhances the locking range with low-power consumption through optimized load quality factor (QL) and output current amplitude (iOSC) simultaneously. The relationship between iOSC and QL, and hence the locking range, is explained analytically. The designed 1/2 dual-ILFD also works as a free-running oscillator between 3.592 and 4.102 GHz without injection signals. The 1/2 dual-ILFD achieves a locking range of 692 MHz between 7.512 and 8.204 GHz. The current consumption of the designed core 1/2 dual-ILFD is 2.93 mA with 1.5-V supply. The designed 1/2 dual-ILFD increases the locking range by 9.9 times over a single-injection counterpart. The new 1/2 dual-ILFD is especially attractive for microwave phase-locked loops and frequency synthesizers requiring low power and wide locking range.
Patent•
18 Apr 2012TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe methods and apparatuses featuring a multiplying injection-locked oscillator, which can be used to reduce deterministic jitter by dynamically modifying the loop length of an injector, and/or by using a duty cycle corrector.
Abstract: Methods and apparatuses featuring a multiplying injection-locked oscillator are described. Some embodiments include a pulse-generator-and-injector and one or more injection-locked oscillators. The outputs of the pulse-generator-and-injector can be injected into corresponding injection points of an injection-locked oscillator. In embodiments that include multiple injection-locked oscillators, the outputs of each injection-locked oscillator can be injected into the corresponding injection points of the next injection-locked oscillator. Some embodiments reduce deterministic jitter by dynamically modifying the loop length of an injection-locked oscillator, and/or by using a duty cycle corrector, and/or by multiplexing/blending the outputs from multiple delay elements of an injection-locked oscillator.