Topic
Injection locking
About: Injection locking is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4567 publications have been published within this topic receiving 60942 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, the effects of injection locking a laser diode which is also subject to varying levels of optical feedback from an external reflector are investigated, and it is found that the locking range of a LM with optical feedback (LDWOF) is reduced relative to that of a solitary LM diode depending on both the increased photon lifetime and the amount of feedback.
21 citations
TL;DR: The energy conservation properties of the laser amplifier are considered for each of its operating states, and the ranges of input signal strength and detuning are determined for which the injection-locked state is stable.
Abstract: The theory of the laser amplifier is developed for conditions in which the strength of the input signal is increased from small values, where the amplification is linear, to larger values, where the amplification becomes nonlinear. The below-threshold laser amplifier oscillates at a single frequency equal to that of the input signal, and its properties are found by solution of the nonlinear equation of motion for the single excitation amplitude. For the above-threshold laser amplifier, the effects of the nonlinear behavior are to shift the laser frequency from its free-running value and to transfer intensity from the laser line to the signal frequency and to a range of satellite lines, whose frequency detunings are integer multiples of the signal detuning. The intensities of the various emission lines of the laser are calculated by power-series expansions of the field amplitudes up to terms of fourth order in the input signal strength. The onset of injection locking is determined by the conditions for which the intensity at the shifted free-running laser frequency falls to zero. The injection-locked state is characterized by a single excitation frequency equal to that of the input signal, and its properties are found by solution of the same nonlinear equation of motion as for the below-threshold amplifier. The ranges of input signal strength and detuning are determined for which the injection-locked state is stable. The energy conservation properties of the laser amplifier are considered for each of its operating states. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
20 citations
IMEC1
TL;DR: In this article, coupled-LC tanks were used to enlarge the locking range of millimeter-wave (mm-wave) subharmonically injection-locked oscillators, and the phase noise and the quadrature-phase imbalance were uniform over almost the whole LR.
Abstract: This paper analyzes and demonstrates the use of coupled-LC tanks to enlarge the locking range (LR) of millimeter-wave (mm-wave) subharmonically injection-locked oscillators. Design guidelines are derived from a simplified analysis. Different techniques are proposed to tune the coupled-LC tank. A mm-wave subharmonically injection-locked quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator in 40-nm CMOS verifies the proposed approach. The LR is larger than 2 GHz over a 55–63-GHz tuning range. An on-chip envelope detector facilitates the tuning of the coupled-LC tank. The phase noise and the quadrature-phase imbalance are uniform over almost the whole LR.
20 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an active microstrip antenna consisting of a rectangular patch radiator peripherally loaded with a GaAs MESFET can be operated simultaneously as a signal source and as a phase modulator.
Abstract: The authors demonstrate that an active microstrip antenna consisting of a rectangular patch radiator peripherally loaded with a GaAs MESFET can be operated simultaneously as a signal source and as a phase modulator. The experimental and simulated results presented illustrate the degree to which phase modulation can be obtained by applying variable DC bias to the active antenna in the presence of a fundamental frequency injection locking signal.
20 citations