Injection locking

About: Injection locking is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4567 publications have been published within this topic receiving 60942 citations.

Initial observations of optical injection locking of GaAs metal semiconductor field effect transistor oscillators

Abstract: An experiment is described in which the output of a GaAlAs laser, modulated at 2.345 GHz, was used to optically injection lock a GaAs metal semiconductor field effect transistor oscillator. A substantial reduction of the FM noise of the field effect transistor oscillator, associated with locking to the more stable modulation signal applied to the laser, was obtained. The locking range obtained was 5 MHz, but possibilities for considerably increasing this are suggested.

Transverse Mode Switching and Locking in Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers Subject to Orthogonal Optical Injection

Abstract: In this paper, we report on theoretical and experimental investigation on polarization and transverse mode behavior of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) under orthogonal optical injection as a function of the injection strength and of the detuning between the injection frequency and the free-running frequency of the solitary laser. As the injection strength increases the VCSEL switches to the master laser polarization. We find that the injection power necessary to obtain such polarization switching is minimum at two different values of the frequency detuning: the first one corresponds to the frequency splitting between the two linearly polarized fundamental transverse modes, and the second one appears at a larger positive frequency detuning, close to the frequency difference between the first-order and the fundamental transverse modes of the solitary VCSEL. We show theoretically that both the depth and the frequency corresponding to the second minimum increase when the relative losses between the two transverse modes decrease. Bistability of the polarization switching is obtained for the whole frequency detuning range. Such a bistability is found for the fundamental mode only or for both transverse modes, depending on the value of the detuning. The theoretical and experimental optical spectra are in good agreement showing that the first-order transverse mode appears locked to the external injection

Photonic microwave stabilization for period-one nonlinear dynamics of semiconductor lasers using optical modulation sideband injection locking

Abstract: Photonic microwave generation using period-one nonlinear dynamics of semiconductor lasers suffers from poor spectral purity. A stabilization approach based on optical modulation sideband injection locking is investigated. An optical signal carrying a highly correlated modulation sideband comb simultaneously injection-locks the regeneration of the optical carrier and the lower oscillation sideband in the dynamics, establishing a phase-locking between the two spectral components. A linewidth of below 1 Hz is therefore achieved for microwave generation up to at least 40 GHz. Because of the frequency multiplication in yielding the comb-like optical signal, only an electronic microwave reference at the tenth subharmonic or higher of the generated microwave frequency is required.

21.1 A 1.7GHz MDLL-based fractional-N frequency synthesizer with 1.4ps RMS integrated jitter and 3mW power using a 1b TDC

Abstract: The introduction of inductorless frequency synthesizers into standardized wireless systems still requires a high level of innovation in order to achieve the stringent requirements of low noise and low power consumption. Synthesizers based on the so-called multiplying delay-locked loop (MDLL) represent one of the most promising architectures in this direction [1-3]. An MDLL resembles a ring oscillator, in which the signal edge traveling along the delay line is periodically refreshed by a clean edge of the reference clock. In this manner, the phase noise of the ring oscillator is filtered up to half the reference frequency and the total output jitter is reduced significantly. Unfortunately, the concept of MDLL, and in general of injection locking (IL), is inherently limited to integer-N synthesis, which makes it unacceptable in practical RF systems. A first extension of injection locking to coarse fractional-N resolution has been shown in [4], in which however the fractional resolution is bounded to the inverse of the number of ring-oscillator delay stages. This paper introduces a fractional-N MDLL-based frequency synthesizer with a 1b time/digital converter (TDC), which is able to outreach the performance of inductorless fractional-N synthesizers. The prototype synthesizes frequencies between 1.6 and 1.9GHz with 190Hz resolution and achieves RMS integrated jitter of 1.4ps at 3mW power consumption, even in the worst-case of near-integer channel.

A low energy injection-locked FSK transceiver with frequency-to-amplitude conversion for body sensor applications

Abstract: An energy-efficient 915MHz FSK transceiver for wireless body sensor network (BSN) applications is implemented in 0.18um CMOS technology with 0.7V supply. A transceiver architecture based on injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD) is proposed for the low energy consumption. In the receiver, through the ILFD in the signal path, the received FSK signal is converted to amplitude-modulated signal which is applied to the following envelope detector. In the transmitter, the ILFD is used as digitally-controlled oscillator (DCO) which replaces the frequency synthesizer to eliminate the crystal oscillator (XO). The receiver and transmitter consume 420uW and 700uW, respectively, at −10dBm output power with a data rate of 5Mb/s, corresponding to energy consumption of 84pJ per received bit and 140pJ per transmitted bit.