Showing papers on "Insertion loss published in 1982"
TL;DR: Combline filters with novel input and output coupling networks which enable broadband tuning to be achieved with minimum degradation in passband performance are discussed in this paper, where the design formulas for these filters are presented Computer analysis of varactor tuned combine bandpass filters including the small signal varactor equivalent circuit is presented enabling filter performance to be easily evaluated.
Abstract: Combline filters with novel input and output coupling networks which enable broad-band tuning to be achieved with minimum degradation in passband performance are discussed Explicit design formulas for these filters are presented Computer analysis of varactor tuned combine bandpass filters including the small signal varactor equivalent circuit is presented enabling filter performance to be easily evaluated The design and experimental performance of a varactor tuned combline filter, realized in suspended substrate stripline is described This filter toned from 32 GHz to 49 GHz exhibited low passband insertion loss and its performance was is close agreement with theoretical expectations
395 citations
15 Jun 1982
TL;DR: In this paper, a dielectric waveguide (no metal walls) phase shifter (Delta Phi = 600°) was demonstrated to propagate with reasonable insertion loss (/spl ap/3 dB) and modest cross coupling with brass inserts with some sacrifice of insertion loss and phase shift.
Abstract: Using ferrite waveguide toroids and dielectric ribs (epsilon/sub r/ = 50), we have demonstrated that a dielectric waveguide (no metal walls) phase shifter (Delta Phi = 600°) can propagate with reasonable insertion loss (/spl ap/3 dB) and modest cross coupling (/spl ap/ 15 dB). With brass inserts, the cross coupling can be further reduced (> 20 dB) with some sacrifice of insertion loss and phase shift. The use of dielectric waveguide phase shifters should allow simpler, lower-cost phased arrays in the conventional frequency range (3 to 20 GHz). At millimeter wave frequencies there is the possibility of making a column of phase shifters from slabs of ferrite and dielectric using flat-grinding and cutting techniques.
170 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors achieved very high optical throughput for titanium diffused lithium niobate waveguides coupled between input and output singlemode fibers by determining appropriate diffusion parameters to obtain excellent dimensional match between the fiber and waveguide modes and simultaneously low propagation loss.
Abstract: We report detailed results on the achievement of very high optical throughput for titanium diffused lithium niobate waveguides coupled between input and output single-mode fibers. By determining appropriate diffusion parameters to obtain excellent dimensional match between the fiber and waveguide modes and simultaneously low propagation loss, we have achieved total measured fiber-waveguide-fiber insertion loss as low as 1 dB for a 1 cm long waveguide at \lambda = 1.32 \mu m. The relative contributions of coupling and propagation loss are determined. Very good correlation is found between the coupling loss and the match between the fiber and waveguide mode dimensions. Design data for diffusion parameters to obtain good mode match for arbitrary fiber dimension are presented.
82 citations
Patent•
28 Apr 1982TL;DR: A fiber-optic electronic connector assembly provides for consistent low insertion loss operation by providing for the fiber optic connector assembly to float as a unit in three substantially orthogonal directions as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: A fiber-optic electronic connector assembly provides for consistent low insertion loss operation by providing for the fiber optic connector assembly to float as a unit in three substantially orthogonal directions.
70 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a design theory for low insertion loss fin-line filters that includes both higher order mode propagation and finite thickness of the dielectric substrate and the metallic fins is described.
Abstract: A design theory is described for low-insertion loss fin-line filters that includes both higher order mode propagation and finite thickness of the dielectric substrate and the metallic fins. Design data for three-resonator type fin-line filters with several substrate thicknesses are given for midband frequencies of about 15, 34, and 66 GHz. The measured insertion losses in the passband are 0.25, 0.5, and 1.3 dB, respectively, for these three frequencies.
68 citations
TL;DR: A high capacity (twelve-channel) fiber optic wavelength demultiplexer incorporating a large diameter GRIN rod lens and grating was developed and fully characterized.
Abstract: A high capacity (twelve-channel) fiber optic wavelength demultiplexer incorporating a large diameter GRIN rod lens and grating was developed and fully characterized. The demultiplexer operates over the 740–930-nm wavelength range with an average channel spacing of 17 nm. The insertion loss, measured and averaged over all twelve channels, was ~3 dB, and the average adjacent channel optical cross talk was 32 dB.
50 citations
TL;DR: Wavelength multiplexers and demultiplexers using a chirped grating and an ion-exchanged multimode waveguide that requires no collimating and focusing components and has the possibility of economical mass production is presented.
Abstract: Wavelength multiplexers and demultiplexers using a chirped grating and an ion-exchanged multimode waveguide are presented. The waveguide is prepared by the electric-field-assisted ion-exchange technique, and the chirped grating is fabricated by the computer-controlled electron-beam writing technique. The device requires no collimating and focusing components and has the advantages of (1) high resolution, (2) large channel number, (3) small cross talk, (4) low insertion loss, (5) low loss coupling to multimode fiber, (6) compact and stable rugged structure, and (7) possibility of economical mass production. The design considerations and the fabrication process are described, and the demultiplexing characteristics of the fabricated device are discussed.
47 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a 2 × 2 nonblocking optical matrix switch, composed of four elemental switches formed in a slab waveguide, is described, whose switching action is based on total internal reflection caused by an electrically controlled change in refractive index of the liquid crystal.
Abstract: A 2 × 2 nonblocking optical matrix switch, composed of four elemental switches formed in a slab waveguide, is described. Switching action is based on total internal reflection caused by an electrically controlled change in refractive index of the liquid crystal. Propagation loss was remarkably reduced to 2.3 dB/cm, both by using liquid crystal as a cladding layer and by operating at the 1.31 μm wavelength. The experimental matrix switch exhibited 7.3-7.7 dB insertion loss, -17.3 to -18.2 dB crosstalk, and a 14° switching angle.
47 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a 20-channel micro-optic grating demultiplexer with a singlemode input fiber was developed for 1.1-1.6 μm band using a newly developed graded-index (Selfoc) rod lens with a small focusing parameter and an Si-etched reflection grating.
Abstract: A 20-channel micro-optic grating demultiplexer with a single-mode input fibre has been developed for 1.1-1.6 μm band using a newly developed graded-index (Selfoc) rod lens with a small focusing parameter and an Si-etched reflection grating. Insertion losses were 1.9 to 3.5 dB. Isolation between adjacent channels was less than ?20 dB.
46 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a balanced biphase-shift-keying (BPSK) and quadri-phase-shiftkeying modulator for the 27 GHz band is presented.
Abstract: Microwave integrated circuit (MIC) balanced biphase-shift-keying (BPSK) and quadri-phase-shift-keying (QPSK) modulators have been achieved in the 27-GHz band. The modulators are fabricated using a combination of microstrip lines and slot lines, viz., tow-sided MIC. The diodes used are beam-lean Schottky-barrier diodes. Balanced BPSK modulation is performed by path-switching and mode transformation from the slot line to microstrip lines. The insertion loss is 2.2 dB at a carrier frequency of 27 GHz. The phase error and the amplitude deviation are less than 1° and 0.5 dB, respectively. The QPSK modulator consists of two BPSK modulators, a power divider, and a branch-line hybrid coupler. The configuration of the modulator is the parallel-connected type. The insertion loss is 6.3 dB at a carrier frequency of 27 GHz. The phase error is less than 2°, and the rise time and fall time of the modulated earner are less than 300 ps. The isolation between the carrier input port and the QPSK modulated earner output port is greater than 25 dB. These modulators can be extended to the millimeter-wave band.
44 citations
15 Jun 1982
TL;DR: In this article, a GaAs monolithic variable attenuators have been developed, which operate in a very wide frequency band, are very small, and are controlled by one voltage insertion loss of 2-3 dB and a dynamic range of attenuation of 10 dB.
Abstract: GaAs monolithic variable attenuators have been developed They operate in a very wide frequency band, are very small, and are controlled by one voltage Insertion loss of 2-3 dB and a dynamic range of attenuation of 10 dB were obtained in the 2-18 GHz frequency range,
TL;DR: In this paper, a single-mode fiber to waveguide to fiber total insertion loss as low as 1 dB was achieved for a 1 cm-long titanium-diffused lithium niobate waveguide.
Abstract: We have achieved a single-mode fibre to waveguide to fibre total insertion loss as low as 1 dB for a 1 cm-long titanium-diffused lithium niobate waveguide.
TL;DR: In this article, a monolithic transmit-receive GaAs FET switch capable of switching more than 10 W CW power with about 1 dB insertion loss and 26 dB isolation at X-band frequencies is reported.
Abstract: A monolithic transmit-receive GaAs FET switch capable of switching more than 10 W CW power with about 1 dB insertion loss and 26 dB isolation at X-band frequencies is reported.
TL;DR: In this paper, a monolithic passive phase shifter with 22.5°, 45°, 90°, and 180° phase bits was developed using FET switches. By cascading all four bits, a four-bit digital phase shifters with 5.1+-0.6-dB insertion loss was realized on a single 6.4 x 7.9 x 0.1mm chip.
Abstract: X-band GaAs monolithic passive phase shifter with 22.5°, 45°, 90°, and 180° phase bits are developed using FET switches. By cascading all four bits, a four-bit digital phase shifter with 5.1+-0.6-dB insertion loss is realized on a single 6.4 x 7.9 x 0.1-mm chip.
15 Jun 1982
TL;DR: In this paper, a waveguide power divider using a metallic septum was described, and a high isolation and a low insertion loss were obtained by using a resistive coupling slot.
Abstract: This paper describes a waveguide power divider using a metallic septum. In this divider, a high isolation and a low insertion loss were obtained by using a resistive coupling slot in the septum.
TL;DR: A compact low-power low-voltage polarization-independent electrooptic attenuator has been developed using planar calcite elements and a standard twisted nematic liquid-crystal cell.
Abstract: A compact low-power low-voltage polarization-independent electrooptic attenuator has been developed using planar calcite elements and a standard twisted nematic liquid-crystal cell. A dynamic range of 31.5 dB and an insertion loss of 0.87 dB have been demonstrated with the attenuator interposed between a GaAlAs laser and a 0.20-N.A. multimode optical fiber.
TL;DR: In this paper, the fiber-type polarizer has been demonstrated and the polarization characteristics of the polarizer have been investigated and the simple and novel fabrication technique of the fiber type polarizer was demonstrated and its polarization characteristics has been investigated.
Abstract: The simple and novel fabrication technique of the fiber-type polarizer has been demonstrated and the polarization characteristics of the polarizer have been investigated. The polarizer structure consists of the eccentric core and the metal coat on the thin buffer layer whose thickness is controlled by chemical etching. The maximum extinction ratio of 41 dB (polarizer length L = 40.8 mm) was obtained at \lambda = 1.15 \mu m when the buffer layer thickness was about 0.3 μm. Although the insertion loss increases with decreasing the buffer layer thickness, the insertion loss of 0.66 dB was obtained with the extinction ratio of 22 dB (polarizer length L = 21.4 mm). An aluminum coat was superior to a gold coat for low propagation loss and a high extinction ratio.
TL;DR: A polymer waveguide star coupler formed by the selective photopolymerization method has low insertion loss independent of the core and cladding dimensions of the optical fiber and a loss variation across the six ports.
Abstract: A polymer waveguide star coupler formed by the selective photopolymerization method is described. This polymer waveguide star coupler has low insertion loss independent of the core and cladding dimensions of the optical fiber. The six-port star coupler obtained, with input and output fiber arrays, had an insertion loss of 2.6 dB and a loss variation across the six ports of 1.2 dB at 0.84 μm.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reported a fiber-coupled Ti: LiNbO3 directional coupler modulator with total fiber-device-fibre insertion loss as low as 1.5 dB for λ = 1.32 μm.
Abstract: We report a fibre-coupled Ti: LiNbO3 directional coupler modulator with total fibre-device-fibre insertion loss as low as 1.5 dB for λ=1.32 μm. Low loss has been achieved by using diffusion parameters to give good mode match to the fibre and low propagation loss, an effective SiO2 buffer layer to eliminate electrode loading loss and a directional coupler geometry which minimises the effect of bend loss.
TL;DR: In this article, the design and performance of a compact optical isolator for use in the visible region of the spectrum is described, providing a figure of merit of 376 dB with a typical 1 dB insertion loss.
TL;DR: In this article, the dispersion relation and group delay for wave power, radiation resistance, radiation reactance and insertion loss for multistrip transducers including apodization, variable coupling and two ground planes.
Abstract: Results were presented earlier for magnetostatic surface waves for wave power, radiation resistance, radiation reactance and insertion loss for multistrip transducers including apodization, variable coupling and two ground planes. Results were also presented for the dispersion relation and group delay for magnetostatic surface waves and magnetostatic volume waves for arbitrary orientation of the external biasing field. Results have now been obtained for forward volume waves and backward volume waves for wave power, radiation resistance, radiation reactance and insertion loss for multistrip transducers including two ground planes, meander line and parallel grating but not including variable coupling. Computer produced graphical results for quantities of interest are presented.
TL;DR: In this paper, a low-passband insertion loss is achieved by large gap fin-lines and pure metal inserts mounted in the E-plane of rectangular waveguides requiring no supporting dielectrics, which combines the advantages of low-cost etching techniques and the low-loss performance of usual waveguide circuits.
Abstract: Low passband insertion-loss is achieved (1) by large-gap fin-lines, by which the high-Q potential increasing with gap-width is fully utilized, and (2) by pure metal inserts mounted in the E-plane of rectangular waveguides requiring no supporting dielectrics. This design combines the advantages of low-cost etching techniques and the low-loss performance of usual waveguide circuits. The theory described includes both higher-order mode interaction of the discontinuities and the finite thickness of dielectrics, metal fins as well as inserts. An optimizing computer program varies the filter parameters for a given number of resonators until the insertion loss yields a minimum in passband and an optimum in stopband. Data for optimized X-, Ka-, V-, E-, and W-band filters are given. Measurements verify the described theory. Measured minimum pass-band insertion losses are 0.3, 0.7, 1.5 dB for the fin-line filter for midband frequencies of about 12, 34, 75 GHz, and for the metal insert filter 0.1, 0.6, 0.5, and 0.7 dB at 12, 33, 63, and 76 GHz, respectively.
TL;DR: In this article, a new configuration of a magnetostatic forward volume wave (MSFVW) resonator has been designed and tested and a component consisting of two resonator sections coupled together through a grating reflecting waves only at the resonator frequency has been implemented.
Abstract: A new configuration of a magnetostatic forward volume wave (MSFVW) resonator has been designed and tested. In order to avoid the off-resonance transmission of conventional MSFVW two-port resonators, a component consisting of two resonator sections coupled together through a grating reflecting waves only at the resonator frequency has been implemented. The device is fabricated on an epitaxial yttrium iron garnet (YIG) film grown on a gadolinium gallium garnet (GGG) substrate. Resonators with this configuration designed to operate at 300 μm and 150 μm wavelengths have been achieved and their performances evaluated. Typically, at 3 GHz, the insertion loss is 22 dB ; the rejection near resonance frequency is 15 dB ; the quality factor is ciose to 500 and the response is tunable between 2 GHz and 8 GHz.
15 Jun 1982
TL;DR: In this article, a new high performance SAW filter for a mobile telephone is presented, with low loss weighting in an IDT and a new resonant filter configuration, and experimental results with 3.5~4.0 dB insertion loss at 830 MHz are presented.
Abstract: A new high performance SAW filter for a mobile telephone is presented here. New technologies - - low loss weighting in an IDT, and a new resonant filter configuration - - are described. Experimental results with 3.5~4.0 dB insertion loss at 830 MHz are presented.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors derived a perturbation method for optical slab isolators in which magnetooptical crystal and anisotropic dielectric crystal films are integrated for reciprocal and non-reciprocal TE-TM mode conversion functions.
Abstract: Isolator conditions are derived by a perturbation method for optical slab isolators in which magnetooptical crystal and anisotropic dielectric crystal films are integrated for reciprocal and non-reciprocal TE-TM mode conversion functions. The general expressions show that isolator conditions can be satisfied for any combination of wavelength, normalized frequency, waveguide thickness, and gyrotropic constant of the magnetooptical crystal by appropriate choice of the magnitude of the birefringence of the top layer film and its crystal orientation angle. Design examples of single-mode isolators with waveguide thicknesses of 4, 4.5, and 5 μm are given at 1.55 μm wavelength. It is also pointed out that isolators of the above design can be fabricated with Y 3 Fe 5 O 12 , Y 1.5 Gd 1.5 Fe 3 O 12 , and Tm 3 Fe 5 O 12 crystal films as magnetooptical materials and a solid solution of LiNbO 3 and LiTaO 3 as an anisotropic film. Tolerance in the required film thickness becomes less stringent with this design. Isolation of more than 20 dB with an insertion loss of less than 0.12 dB is feasible without any parameter adjustment, even when there is as much as a ten percent deviation in the film thickness.
TL;DR: In this paper, a survey of various components being developed in the frequency range from 18 to 170 GHz using quasi-planar structures is presented. And the unique advantage of the fin-line technique is demonstrated by a completely integrated Ka-band receiver front end, containing p-i-n s.t.c, mixer and local oscillator.
Abstract: Different approaches for the integration of mm-wave components have been presented recently, suggesting image line or shielded microstrip line for example. A very promising attempt employs quasi-planar structures, like fin-line, and related line configurations for this purpose. The paper gives a survey of various components being developed in the frequency range from 18 to 170 GHz using this approach. Broadband p-i-n-attenuators achieve an insertion loss below 1 dB and an isolation better than 25 dB covering either one or two entire waveguide bands. Narrowband resonator-type attenuators need only one diode to achieve similar results. At 94 GHz the attenuation of such a device can be adjusted between 1.5 and 35 dB. Fin-line detectors have been built between 18 and 170 GHz, with minimum sensitivity ranges from 400 to 100 mV/mW, depending on frequency. The conversion loss of a planar balanced mixer developed for Ka-band (26.5?40 GHz) amounts to 5 dB in a narrowband version and to 6?8 dB in a broadband, octave-wide version (18?40 GHz). For 60 GHz, a conversion loss down to 6.5 dB has been achieved. The unique advantage of the fin-line technique is demonstrated by a completely integrated Ka-band receiver front end, containing p-i-n-s.t.c, mixer and local oscillator. Fin-line couplers necessary for other integrated circuits have shown coupling factors up to crossover operation with full waveguide bandwidth.
TL;DR: In this article, an analytical method for deriving the fields, the reflection, and the directivity of two coupled curved transmission lines is described, and a 3 dB dielectric line coupler (designed at 94 GHz) is confirmed by experiment.
Abstract: An analytical method for deriving the fields, the reflection, and the directivity of two coupled curved transmission lines is described. The fields on both lines are found to be accurately in quadrature. The directivity and reflection are very small. The accuracy of the theoretical results for a 3 dB dielectric line coupler (designed at 94 GHz) is confirmed by experiment. Well-balanced outputs and a directivity of better than 40 dB are obtained. Though a substantial amount of insertion loss in the experimental model is found, this loss is believed to be largely dielectric loss. Design and performance data are presented.
01 Oct 1982
TL;DR: In this article, a planar two-stub coplanar waveguide-slotline transition is analyzed using equivalent circuit approach and is designed by optimizing the slotline and the stub lengths.
Abstract: A planar two-stub coplanar waveguide-slotline transition is analysed using equivalent circuit approach and is designed by optimizing the slotline and the stub lengths. The end reactances for the two stubs are evaluated and cancelled separately under maximum power transfer conditions. Experimental VSWRs less than 1.12 in the band 3.2 - 4.4 GHz are measured associated with an insertion loss of 0.6 dB.
02 Jun 1982
TL;DR: In this paper, fundamental mode bulk acoustic wave resonators and filters have been fabricated from ZnO/Si composite thin films prepared by sputter depositing c-axis oriented polycrystalline ZnOs onto single crystal silicon, which can be readily controlled in the 100 MHz to 1000 MHz range.
Abstract: : Fundamental mode bulk acoustic wave resonators and filters have been fabricated from ZnO/Si composite thin films prepared by sputter depositing c-axis oriented polycrystalline ZnO onto single crystal silicon. Resonant frequencies of these devices, which are compatible with silicon IC technology, can be readily controlled in the 100 MHz to 1000 MHz range. Development of improved fabrication procedures is described, emphasizing the importance of smooth resonator surfaces and precise control of ZnO sputtering conditions. Chemical etch treatments of the ZnO is shown to markedly reduce spurious resonances. Device modeling theory is described and the good agreement between experimental data and theory is discussed. Filter insertion loss as low as 4.1 dB and bandwidths between 0.5 and 5 percent have been achieved, Q values as high as 2700 were observed, and out of band rejection of 45 dB was realized. (Author
TL;DR: In this paper, a double-balanced mixer and ferrite-disk type circulators have been successfully achieved in the 26 GHz band, where the total single-sideband noise figure of the integrated circuit, composed of a mixer and two circulators, is 8.5 dB, including the noise contribution from an IF amplifier.
Abstract: Integration of a double-balanced mixer and ferrite-disk type circulators have been successfully achieved in the 26-GHz band. The total single-sideband noise figure of the integrated circuit, composed of a mixer and two circulators, is 8.5 dB, including the noise contribution from an IF amplifier. The double-balanced mixer is composed of microstrip lines, slot lines, coupled slot lines, coplanar lines, Au wires, and four beam lead Schottky-barrier diodes. The minimum conversion loss of the mixer is 5.3 dB at a signal frequency of 25.4 GHz. Isolation between RF and LO ports is greater than 30 dB. The ferrite-disk type circulator is produced by a newly developed precise machining technique. The minimum insertion loss of the circulator is 0.45 dB, and the isolation is greater than 20 dB. The integrated circuit with the ferrite-disk type circulators will be extended to the millimeter-wave band.