Insulator (electricity)

About: Insulator (electricity) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 15941 publications have been published within this topic receiving 108950 citations. The topic is also known as: electrical insulator.

An Inspection Robot for Live-Line Suspension Insulator Strings in 345-kV Power Lines

Abstract: A new inspection robot system for live-line suspension insulator strings was developed to prevent an insulator failure in 345-kV power transmission lines. Compared with the existing inspection robots, this robot structure is very simple, small-sized, lightweight, and more superior in insulation by adopting a wheel-leg moving mechanism. In addition, the robot measures the distribution voltage of an insulator together with its insulation resistance, thereby providing more information for its analysis and diagnosis. Moreover, a manual tool for its installation and removal is presented. Its effectiveness was confirmed through experiments, including a live-line test.

Microwave facilitated atmospheric energy projection system

Abstract: The Atmospheric Energy Projection System (AEPS) is a means to project electrical/thermal energy using microwave radiation at the resonant frequency of oxygen. The radiation excites a column through the ambient atmosphere to a temperature such that air within the column is converted from an insulator to a conducting channel or focused medium. An electrical current is subsequently applied to the channel to transmit an electric charge a predetermined distance. Rapid release of pulses of 60 GHz microwave radiation at a field strength below that for breakdown for the waveguide feeding the antenna or at the antenna aperture creates a channel without premature plasma generation. Once the channel is energized sufficiently, an electric charge is released into the channel and flows down it from the source to whatever solid the channel intersects. If no solid intrudes the charge diffuses harmlessly at the end of the heated channel as the channel cools back to the ambient temperature. Channel duration is a function of cross-sectional area, and channel length is a function of the amount of 60 GHz microwave energy radiated into the volume of interest. The radiated energy to make the channel in turn is a function of the power available and microwave source used. Shorter ranges require less power to create the channel. The amount of electrical charge released on the channel is dependent on the desired range and the amount of energy needed for the task at the end of the channel.

Odd harmonics and third to fifth harmonic ratios of leakage currents as diagnostic tools to study the ageing of glass insulators

Abstract: This paper reports an investigation into the leakage current harmonic components of 45 units of glass insulator samples. The insulator units comprise 5 groups of insulators: new insulators and naturally field-aged insulators with different ageing periods->30, 20, 15, and <;10 years from a 132 kV transmission line. Experiments were conducted at different electrical stresses (0.17, 0.24, and 0.34 kV/cm) and salt-fog conductivities (900 and 1500 μS/cm). The results suggest that the insulator samples' leakage current (LC) waveform and the total harmonic distortion (THD) correspond well with degree of ageing. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis performed on the stored waveforms showed a strong correlation between the ratio of the third to fifth harmonic amplitudes with the degree of ageing and in-service period of the naturally field-aged insulators. Furthermore, this investigation revealed a pattern between the groups of insulator samples in respect to their ageing. These findings were further validated with traditional Dielectric Dissipation Factor tests carried out on the insulators, and the results also correlated well with the samples' degree of ageing as well as service period. In addition, neural networks were trained to recognize the insulator samples' degree of ageing. This study found that, alternative to the diagnosis of insulator ageing through the measurement of loss angles or tangent delta, LC harmonics can be used as diagnostic tools and for the on-line monitoring of in-service aged transmission line ceramic glass insulators based on odd harmonics and third to fifth harmonic ratios.

Manufacture of semiconductor device

Abstract: PURPOSE:To enhance the yield and to improve reliability by applying coating of an insulator on the peripheral part of a conductor pattern other than the tips of inner leads, heating and compressing the tips of the inner leads of the conductor patterns and an electrode on a semiconductor chip through an insulating film, and connecting the tip and the electrode. CONSTITUTION:The peripheral region of a conductor pattern other than the tips of an inner lead 10 is thinly coated with an insulator 9. The conductor pattern is formed on the surface of a tape carrier on which semiconductor chips are mounted. The insulator is dried. The conductor pattern of a carrier 11 is made to face downward and mounted on a semiconductor chip 5. The position of an electrode on the chip is aligned with the position of each bump 6 at the tip of the inner lead 10 of the conductor pattern. Then, a bonding tool 7 is applied from the side of an insulating film 1, and heating and compression are performed. Thus, the semiconductor chip 5 is connected to the conductor pattern. In this way, the peripheral part of the semiconductor-chip mounting surface of the tape carrier 11 other than the tip of the inner lead 10 of the conductor pattern 10 is thinly coated with the insulator 9. Thus electric defects due to short circuits can be prevented.

Photocurable Organic Gate Insulator for the Fabrication of High-Field Effect Mobility Organic Transistors by Low Temperature and Solution Processing†

Abstract: Demand for inexpensive electronic devices has driven interest in organic semiconductors that can be deposited by simple, low-cost, solution-based processes. [1–7] Moreover, this allows the use of flexible substrates such as plastics, opening a route for the development of flexible, thin film electronic devices and information displays with the advantages of light weight, low cost, and low-temperature processing, which is a much sought-after goal. The potential applications of organic semiconductors have generated intense research interest in organic thin film transistors (OTFTs). To form a well-defined interface between the organic semiconductor and the gate insulator during solution processing, the gate insulator should not be soluble in the solvent used to dissolve the organic semiconductor. Although thermal curing can be used to prepare insoluble organic gate insulators, a high temperature process is still necessary to complete the chemical crosslinking, and this process distorts the plastic substrate. [8] Here we introduce a photo-curable organic gate insulator for OTFTs that allows low-temperature and solution-based processing and provides high field-effect mobility in the devices. This photo-curable organic insulator can be patterned easily to make connections (i.e. vertical interconnectivity via holes) between the gate electrodes and the underlying bus lines in integrated circuits. This patterning is achieved using a simple conventional photolithography process (i.e. photo-irradiation through a photomask and developing), and does not require the complicated lithography process typically used to pattern via holes during OTFT array fabrication (i.e. photolithography using a photoresist, oxygen plasma etching, and lift-off method). Therefore, use of the insulator described here can simplify the fabrication of integrated circuit devices. When we used this organic insulator in pentacene TFTs, we observed a high field-effect mobility of 0.5 cm 2 V –1 s –1 without hysteresis, and an on/off current ratio of 1.7×10 7 , when we used a polycrystalline pentacene with a bottom-contact geometry as the semiconductor. The organic insulator was prepared from a blend of