Insulin

About: Insulin is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 124295 publications have been published within this topic receiving 5129734 citations. The topic is also known as: human insulin.

Predictability of childhood adiposity and insulin for developing insulin resistance syndrome (syndrome X) in young adulthood: the Bogalusa Heart Study.

Abstract: The occurrence of insulin resistance syndrome (syndrome X) is common in the general population. However, information is scant on the childhood predictors of syndrome X. This study examined the relative contribution of childhood adiposity and insulin to the adulthood risk of developing syndrome X in a biracial (black-white) community-based longitudinal cohort (n = 745; baseline age, 8-17 years; mean +/- SD follow-up period, 11.6 +/- 3.4 years). The four criterion risk variables considered were the highest quartile (specific for age, race, sex, and study year) of 1) BMI, 2) fasting insulin, 3) systolic or mean arterial blood pressure, and 4) total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol ratio or triglycerides to HDL cholesterol ratio. Clustering was defined as the combination of all four risk variables. In addition to the criterion risk variables, clustered adults had adverse levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, diastolic blood pressure, and glucose compared with those who did not cluster (P < 0.001). Childhood variables, except glucose, showed adverse trends with increasing number of criterion risk variables present in adulthood (P for trend, 0.01-0.0001). The proportion of individuals who developed clustering as adults increased across childhood BMI (P for trend <0.0001) and insulin (P for trend <0.01) quartiles. The relationship to childhood BMI remained significant even after adjusting for childhood insulin. In contrast, corresponding association with childhood insulin disappeared after adjusting for childhood BMI. In a logistic regression model, childhood BMI and insulin were significant predictors of adulthood clustering, with BMI being the strongest and showing a curvilinear relationship. Using an insulin resistance index instead of insulin did not change the above findings. These results indicate that childhood obesity is a powerful predictor of development of syndrome X and underscore the importance of weight control early in life.

Human growth hormone. clinical measurement, response to hypoglycemia and suppression by corticosteroids.

Abstract: THE recent isolation of human growth hormone from pituitary glands collected at autopsy has been of major importance in the investigation of human pituitary physiology.1 , 2 Metabolic studies have confirmed the remarkable anabolic and growth-promoting actions of this hormone in man,3 , 4 in contrast to the negative or equivocal clinical results previously observed with bovine growth hormone. The unusually high species specificity of human growth hormone has been further demonstrated by immunologic studies, in which antigenic similarity and biologic effectiveness have closely paralleled one another among various mammalian species.5 An assay taking advantage of immunologic specificity was first reported by Read and . . .

Aldose Reductase in Glucose Toxicity: A Potential Target for the Prevention of Diabetic Complications

Abstract: Recent data obtained from the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial clearly indicate that intensive insulin treatment effectively delays the onset and slows the progression of longterm diabetic complications in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)b (Diabetes Control and

Use of twice-daily exenatide in Basal insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, controlled trial.

Abstract: This randomized trial tested whether twice-daily exenatide reduces hemoglobin A1c levels more than placebo in people with type 2 diabetes who are receiving insulin glargine. After 30 weeks, exenati...