Showing papers on "Insulin resistance published in 1968"
TL;DR: In the shock phase of burn injury, there is glucose intolerance, a high level of free fatty acids, and failure of the plasma-immunoreactive-insulin level to rise in response to intravenous glucose.
177 citations
TL;DR: To define more clearly the factors involved in carbohydrate metabolism in uremia, blood glucose, plasma insulin, and plasma growth hormone responses after the intravenous injectable insulin were studied.
Abstract: To define more clearly the factors involved in carbohydrate metabolism in uremia, we studied blood glucose, plasma insulin, and plasma growth hormone responses after the intravenous inject...
175 citations
TL;DR: Serum-growth-hormone measurements during oral glucose-tolerance tests were done on patients with chronic renal failure, patients with nephrotic syndrome, and fifty controls, and it is suggested that protein malnutrition may be an important factor determining the raised levels of G.H. in renal failure.
80 citations
TL;DR: Crystalline insulin prepared from chicken pancreas was as active as crystalline beef, sheep and pork insulins in an in vitro rat diaphragm bioassay, but was considerably more effective in promoting hypoglycemia in intact chickens.
Abstract: Crystalline insulin prepared from chicken pancreas was as active as crystalline beef, sheep and pork insulins in an in vitro rat diaphragm bioassay, but was considerably more effective in promoting hypoglycemia in intact chickens when compared with equivalent amounts (by weight) of mammalian hormone. Primary structure differences among various species of insulin and interfering plasma substances are discussed with respect to the oft-reported avian “resistance” to non-avian insulin. (Endocrinology 83: 1331, 1968)
45 citations
TL;DR: A positive relation between insulin insensitivity and the severity of clinical vascular disease, both atherosclerotic and microangiopathic, in Insulin-dependent diabetics of long duration is described.
Abstract: The presence of atherosclerosis in non-diabetic individuals has been shown to be associated with a decrease in the hypOglycaemic effect of insulin (Waddell and Field, 1960; Wablberg, 1966). Similar studies have not been reported in patients with proved diabetes mellitus. We describe here a positive relation between insulin insensitivity and the severity of clinical vascular disease, both atherosclerotic and microangiopathic, In Insulin-dependent diabetics of long duration.
43 citations
TL;DR: Investigating metabolic disturbances associated with obesity suggest that several of these apparently unrelated abnormalities may be closely related to the effects of obesity on insulin secretion.
38 citations
TL;DR: An attempt was made to distinguish the glucose intolerance observed in patients with liver disease ("hepatogenic diabetes") from that seen in Patients with genetically determined diabetes ("hePatogenic diabetes").
Abstract: Excerpt An attempt was made to distinguish the glucose intolerance observed in patients with liver disease ("hepatogenic diabetes") from that seen in patients with genetically determined diabetes m...
35 citations
22 citations
TL;DR: Two new oral agents are reported to have the potential to significantly reduce the risk of adverse events in patients with diabetes mellitus by inhibiting the action of insulin and thereby decreasing the need for treatment with insulin.
Abstract: THE search for oral agents to lower the blood sugar has been in progress ever since hyperglycemia was found to characterize diabetes mellitus. The pathway leading to trial of the first such oral ag...
11 citations
TL;DR: Better knowledge of muscular metabolism in preobese man would help to establish the importance of hyperphagia and of heredity in the pathogenesis of human obesity.
Abstract: SummaryIn human as well as in experimental obesity insulin resistance appears before glucose intolerance. Insulin resistance demonstrated in muscle tissue appears to be secondary to a cellular or humoral factor in the experimental animals. Better knowledge of muscular metabolism in preobese man would help to establish the importance of hyperphagia and of heredity in the pathogenesis of human obesity.
8 citations
01 Jan 1968
TL;DR: This chapter focuses on insulin antagonism, which is important primarily because of its relevancy to the etiology of diabetes.
Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on insulin antagonism, which is important primarily because of its relevancy to the etiology of diabetes. Probably the most extensive purification of an insulin-degrading enzyme was accomplished by Tomizawa and Halsey. Much speculation has centered about the role of the insulin-inactivating and degrading systems in diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance and in cases of idiopathic hypoglycemia. Adequate information has been supplied implicating degradative systems as a means of insulin regulation. While adequate physiological evidence of hormonal antagonism has accumulated, their modes of action remain to be elucidated. The multiple hexokinase system may be considered as an example of the former type of receptor. The possibility has been raised that some of the multiple forms of hexokinase as a unit may act as the primary insulin receptor.
TL;DR: This case documents the importance of small basal levels of insulin in preventing ketoacidosis and lends further support to the concept that small levels of diabetes serve as a “brake” on lipid mobilization.
Abstract: A patient is described with panhypopituitarism and maturity-onset diabetes, complicated by diabetic acidosis. He exhibited a remarkable sensitivity to insulin, controlling his diabetes with an average of two units of insulin daily. He maintained increased sensitivity to insulin while in severe ketoacidosis and required only eight units of insulin to completely reverse this. Ketoacidosis does not directly result in insulin resistance, and it is possible that pituitary factors are essential. This case documents the importance of small basal levels of insulin in preventing ketoacidosis and lends further support to the concept that small levels of insulin serve as a “brake” on lipid mobilization. A delayed and prolonged response to insulin was observed in the panhypopituitary state.
TL;DR: De recherches avecSephadex G-200 ont demontré that, après une courte période d'insulinothérapie, le complexe insuline-protéine migrait avec les globulines 19 S. résistants la plus grande partie de l'insuline marquée liée aux protéines était élui avecLes globuline 7 S.
Abstract: The capacity of plasma proteins to bind insulin labelled with125J has been studied by means of the gel-filtration method. Fractionation with Sephadex G-100 showed that only 10 % of the labelled insulin was bound by the plasma proteins of healthy subjects, pregnant females and untreated diabetes mellitus patients. A much higher percentage of insulin was bound by plasma proteins in patients who had previously been treated with beef insulin, while the degree of binding became extreme in insulin-resistant diabetics. Experiments made with Sephadex G-200 showed that, following short-term insulin therapy, the insulin-protein complex migrated with the globulins 19 S. After prolonged insulin therapy and in insulin-resistant cases most of the protein-bound labelled insulin was eluted with the globulins 7 S. The phenomenon, discussed in detail, is attributed to the action of beef insulin antibodies.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In alcuni sieri, sia del soggetto normale che del diabetico, e presente un'attivita insulino-legante superiore ai valori massimi normali, che diminuisce dopo aggiunta di µU 500 di insulina bovina.
Abstract: Gli AA. rilevano che i sieri dell'individuo normale e del diabetico mai trattato con insulina sono provvisti di proprieta insulino-legante di entita analoga. In alcuni sieri, sia del soggetto normale che del diabetico, e presente un'attivita insulino-legante superiore ai valori massimi normali, che diminuisce dopo aggiunta di µU 500 di insulina bovina.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The method proposed avoids unnecessary insulin treatment and its consequences, and can be recommended, with correct selection of patients, for further evaluation during minor and more extensive operations.
Abstract: Substitution of insulin for a dietary regime with or without oral hypoglycaemic agents prior to operation is, despite its general use, often not satisfactory because of lack of time and leads frequently to hypoglycaemia and sometimes to excessive insulin-antibody production. We therefore administered 1.0 g of Tolbutamidei.v. together with at least 100 g of carbohydrates per day to 36 non-insulin dependent diabetic patients, and compared the results with those of 28 similiar cases switched to insulin preoperatively in the usual way (I), and those of 27 patients receiving insulin before, during and after the operation (II). Interventions in the group on Tolbutamide i.v. (III) were more severe and lasted longer than those in the control groups. Blood-sugar levels on the operation day rose to 209 ± 76 mg% in the Tolbutamide group, (Control group I 203 ± 57, II 186 ± 52). Hypoglycaemia was observed in the control groups only. The method proposed avoids unnecessary insulin treatment and its consequences, and can be recommended, with correct selection of patients, for further evaluation during minor and more extensive operations.