Topic
Interferon
About: Interferon is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 28969 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1219645 citations. The topic is also known as: IFN & interferons.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
TL;DR: Four major mechanisms of GA have been identified: competition with myelin-basic protein for binding to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, which presumably occur only in vitro and are therefore irrelevant for the in vivo effects of GA, while mechanisms 3 and 4 could occur in vivo and both could contribute to the clinical effects ofGA.
Abstract: Glatiramer acetate (GA, Copaxone [Teva Pharmaceuticals, Kansas City, MO], formerly known as copolymer-1) and interferon- (IFN)-β are both used for the immunomodulatory treatment of multiple sclerosis, but they act in different ways. Four major mechanisms of GA have been identified: 1) competition with myelin-basic protein (MBP) for binding to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules; 2) competition of GA/MHC with MBP/MHC for binding to the T-cell receptor; 3) partial activation and tolerance induction of MBP-specific T cells (action as an altered peptide ligand); and 4) induction of GA-reactive T-helper 2- (TH2)-like regulatory cells. Of these four mechanisms, 1 and 2 presumably occur only in vitro and are therefore irrelevant for the in vivo effects of GA. In contrast, mechanisms 3 and 4 could occur in vivo and both could contribute to the clinical effects of GA.
256 citations
TL;DR: Results indicate that the signaling pathways for the two types of IFN and double-stranded RNA share common components or that their function depends on common enzymes or transcription factors.
Abstract: 2fTGH is a human cell line containing the selectable marker guanine phosphoribosyltransferase regulated by alpha interferon (IFN-alpha) Two IFN-alpha-unresponsive mutants were isolated previously at a low frequency (ca 10(-8)) by selecting mutagenized 2fTGH cells in selective medium containing 6-thioguanine and IFN-alpha By using five rounds of mutagenesis, mutants can be isolated at an appreciably higher frequency, greater than 3 x 10(-7) Five new mutants have been isolated, and all are recessive, as are the two mutants we described previously The seven mutants are in four complementation groups (U1-U4) Since several different types of mutants unresponsive to IFN-alpha have been isolated with high frequency, related approaches may succeed with other cytokines or growth factors Mutants in the two new complementation groups U3 and U4 are unresponsive to IFN-alpha and, surprisingly, also unresponsive to IFN-gamma They are also partially defective in response to double-stranded RNA These results indicate that the signaling pathways for the two types of IFN and double-stranded RNA share common components or that their function depends on common enzymes or transcription factors IFN receptors are unaffected in mutants U3A and U4A A major defect appears to be in the synthesis or activation of E, the transcription factor mediating the primary response to type I (alpha/beta) IFNs Band-shift complementation assays show that U3A contains the E gamma subunit but does not contain an active E alpha subunit after treatment with IFN-alpha
255 citations
TL;DR: It is reported that vaccination against phage virions represents a potential therapeutic strategy for the prevention of infections by antibiotic-resistant Pa, and the findings may have broad utility and impact beyond the pathophysiology of chronic wound infections.
Abstract: Bacteriophage are abundant at sites of bacterial infection, but their effects on mammalian hosts are unclear. We have identified pathogenic roles for filamentous Pf bacteriophage produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) in suppression of immunity against bacterial infection. Pf promote Pa wound infection in mice and are associated with chronic human Pa wound infections. Murine and human leukocytes endocytose Pf, and internalization of this single-stranded DNA virus results in phage RNA production. This triggers Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)- and TIR domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF)-dependent type I interferon production, inhibition of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and the suppression of phagocytosis. Conversely, immunization of mice against Pf prevents Pa wound infection. Thus, Pf triggers maladaptive innate viral pattern-recognition responses, which impair bacterial clearance. Vaccination against phage virions represents a potential strategy to prevent bacterial infection.
255 citations
TL;DR: A role for ISG15 in the regulation of multiple signal transduction pathways is suggested and attractive models to further elucidate the biochemical function of ISGylation are offered.
255 citations
TL;DR: IL28B genotype and hepatic expression of ISGs are independent predictors of response to treatment with pegIFN-α and ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C.
255 citations