Topic
Internal flow
About: Internal flow is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5586 publications have been published within this topic receiving 67005 citations.
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TL;DR: The study of arterial blood flow will lead to the prediction of individual hemodynamic flows in any patient, the development of diagnostic tools to quantify disease, and the design of devices that mimic or alter blood flow.
Abstract: Blood flow in arteries is dominated by unsteady flow phenomena. The cardiovascular system is an internal flow loop with multiple branches in which a complex liquid circulates. A nondimensional frequency parameter, the Womersley number, governs the relationship between the unsteady and viscous forces. Normal arterial flow is laminar with secondary flows generated at curves and branches. The arteries are living organs that can adapt to and change with the varying hemodynamic conditions. In certain circumstances, unusual hemodynamic conditions create an abnormal biological response. Velocity profile skewing can create pockets in which the direction of the wall shear stress oscillates. Atherosclerotic disease tends to be localized in these sites and results in a narrowing of the artery lumen—a stenosis. The stenosis can cause turbulence and reduce flow by means of viscous head losses and flow choking. Very high shear stresses near the throat of the stenosis can activate platelets and thereby induce thrombosis, which can totally block blood flow to the heart or brain. Detection and quantification of stenosis serve as the basis for surgical intervention. In the future, the study of arterial blood flow will lead to the prediction of individual hemodynamic flows in any patient, the development of diagnostic tools to quantify disease, and the design of devices that mimic or alter blood flow. This field is rich with challenging problems in fluid mechanics involving three-dimensional, pulsatile flows at the edge of turbulence.
1,336 citations
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1,105 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the graphical procedure of Baroczy and equations for predicting local pressure gradients during the turbulent flow of two-phase mixtures in smooth tubes are transformed to enable their more convenient application to the case of evaporating flow.
611 citations
TL;DR: The algorithm is based upon Fick's law of diffusion and shifts particles in a manner that prevents highly anisotropic distributions and the onset of numerical instability, and is validated against analytical solutions for an internal flow at higher Reynolds numbers than previously.
513 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a theoretical method for the determination of the shape of a fluid drop in steady and unsteady flows by making an expansion in terms of the drop deformation is given.
Abstract: A theoretical method is given for the determination of the shape of a fluid drop in steady and unsteady flows by making an expansion in terms of the drop deformation. Effects of fluid viscosity and interfacial tension are taken into account. Examples given include the determination of the shape of a drop in shear and in hyperbolic flow when each is started impulsively from rest.
485 citations