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Internal wave

About: Internal wave is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8311 publications have been published within this topic receiving 221331 citations. The topic is also known as: Internal_wave.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the changes in wavelength and amplitude of the shorter wave train are rigorously calculated by taking into account the non-linear interactions between the two wave trains, and the results differ in some essentials from previous estimates by Unna.
Abstract: Short gravity waves, when superposed on much longer waves of the same type, have a tendency to become both shorter and steeper at the crests of the longer waves, and correspondingly longer and lower in the troughs. In the present paper, by taking into account the non-linear interactions between the two wave trains, the changes in wavelength and amplitude of the shorter wave train are rigorously calculated. The results differ in some essentials from previous estimates by Unna. The variation in energy of the short waves is shown to correspond to work done by the longer waves against the radiation stress of the short waves, which has previously been overlooked. The concept of the radiation stress is likely to be valuable in other problems.

597 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the problem of the response of a porous elastic bed to water waves is treated analytically on the basis of the three-dimensional consolidation theory of Biot (1941).
Abstract: The problem of the response of a porous elastic bed to water waves is treated analytically on the basis of the three-dimensional consolidation theory of Biot (1941). Exact solutions for the pore-water pressure and the displacements of the porous medium are obtained in closed form for the case of waves propagating over the poro-elastic bed. The theoretical results indicate that the bed response to waves is strongly dependent on the permeability k and the stiffness ratio G/K’, where G is the shear modulus of the porous medium and K’ is the apparent bulk modulus of elasticity of the pore fluid. The earlier solutions for pore-water pressure by various authors are given as the limiting cases of the present solution. For the limits G/K′ → 0 or k→ ∞, the present solution for pressure approaches the solution of the Laplace equation by Putnam (1949). For the limit G/K′→ ∞, the present solution approaches the solution of the heat conduction equation by Nakamura et al. (1973) and Moshagen & Torum (1975).The theoretical results are compared with wave tank experimental data on pore-water pressure in coarse and fine sand beds which contain small amounts of air. Good agreement between theory and experiment is obtained.

567 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a joint experiment to study microscale fluctuations of atmospheric pressure above surface gravity waves was conducted in the Bight of Abaco, Bahamas, during November and December 1974.
Abstract: A joint experiment to study microscale fluctuations of atmospheric pressure above surface gravity waves was conducted in the Bight of Abaco, Bahamas, during November and December 1974. Field hardware included a three-dimensional array of six wave sensors and seven air-pressure sensors, one of which was mounted on a wave follower. The primary objectives of the study were to resolve differences in previous field measurements by Dobson (1971), Elliott (1972b) and Snyder (1974), and to estimate the vertical profile of wave-induced pressure and the corresponding input of energy and momentum to the wave field.Analysis of a pre-experiment intercalibration of instruments and of 30 h of field data partially removes the discrepancy between the previous measurements of the wave-induced component of the pressure and gives a consistent picture of the profile of this pressure over a limited range of dimensionless height and wind speed. Over this range the pressure decays approximately exponentially without change of phase; the decay is slightly less steep than predicted by potential theory. The corresponding momentum transfer is positive for wind speeds exceeding the phase speed. Extrapolation of present results to higher frequencies suggests that the total transfer is a significant fraction of the wind stress (0·1 to 1·0, depending on dimensionless fetch).Analysis of the turbulent component of the atmospheric pressure shows that the ‘intrinsic’ downwind coherence scale is typically an order-of-magnitude greater than the crosswind scale, consistent with a ‘frozen’ turbulence hypothesis. These and earlier data of Priestley (1965) and Elliott (1972c) suggest a horizontally isotropic ‘intrinsic’ turbulent pressure spectrum which decays as k−ν where k is the (horizontal) wave-number and ν is typically −2 to −3; estimates of this spectrum are computed for the present data. The implications of these findings for Phillips’ (1957) theory of wave growth are examined.

542 citations

Book
01 Jan 1966
TL;DR: One-dimensional waves in fluids as mentioned in this paper were used to describe sound waves and water waves in the literature, as well as the internal wave and the water wave in fluids, and they can be classified into three classes: sound wave, water wave, and internal wave.
Abstract: Preface Prologue 1. Sound waves 2. One-dimensional waves in fluids 3. Water waves 4. Internal waves Epilogue Bibliography Notation list Author index Subject index.

470 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023119
2022266
2021178
2020197
2019207
2018198