Topic
Internationalization
About: Internationalization is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 18414 publications have been published within this topic receiving 427742 citations. The topic is also known as: internationalisation & Internationalization.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this paper, a new conceptual framework is developed to uncover governance-related determinants of family firms' internationalization, building upon internalization theory, and assess how family firm governance features determine internationalization patterns on two key dimensions: location choice and operating mode.
Abstract: Research summary
We develop a new conceptual framework to uncover governance-related determinants of family firms’ internationalization, building upon internalization theory. We assess how family firm governance features determine internationalization patterns on two key dimensions: location choice and operating mode. We focus on family governance characteristics that might drive sub-optimal internationalization patterns, and on removing such sub-optimality. We conclude that bifurcation bias, defined as the de facto differential treatment of family or heritage assets versus non-family assets, represents a critical family-firm specific barrier to achieving efficiency in international operations. In the short run, the key difference in international governance is between bifurcation-biased family MNEs and all other types of MNEs. In the longer run, inefficient, bifurcation biased decision making will make place for comparatively more efficient governance.
Managerial summary
Family firms are susceptible to bifurcation bias – a default preferential treatment of family members and resource bundles that hold positive emotional meaning to the family, i.e., heritage assets. Such preferential treatment contrasts with that afforded to professional, non-family managers and other resources, with which the founding family does not entertain a positive emotional connection. If left unremedied, bifurcation bias will lead to poor decisions in family-owned multinationals that undertake international expansion, in terms of the choices of which markets to enter and how to enter these. These types of dysfunctional decisions will lead to a decline in competitiveness as compared to non-family multinationals. Family firms should therefore identify and actively prevent bifurcation bias, by implementing the specific safeguarding strategies suggested in this study.
100 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine how five immigrant entrepreneurs in Malaysia and Singapore have internationalized their businesses and the role of transnational family networks in this process and discuss the characteristics of these family networks compared with other social networks that make them of particular value in internationalization.
Abstract: In this article we examine how five immigrant entrepreneurs in Malaysia and Singapore have internationalized their businesses and the role of transnational family networks in this process. We show that one of the key means by which these entrepreneurs are able to access resources and make use of contacts across borders is through transnational family and kinship networks that allow them to simultaneously engage in social and business activities in both countries. We discuss the characteristics of these family networks compared with other social networks that make them of particular value in internationalization. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
100 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review and interpret the pertinent literature, drawn from studies of international decision-making in different environments, for the purpose of developing a coherent understanding of the subject matter.
Abstract: Introduction International marketing activities of firms continue to assume increasing importance in the world economy. Firms of all sizes and backgrounds, especially in the industrialised countries, exhibit a greater degree of willingness to respond to attractive opportunities in international markets and extend their marketing activities to one or more national markets. Consequently, the decision‐making processes which surround these international marketing activities and the prevailing managerial styles have been the subject of limited but significant research in several advanced economies. This article will attempt to review and interpret the pertinent literature, drawn from studies of international decision‐making in different environments, for the purpose of developing a coherent understanding of the subject matter. In particular, we offer four proportions on the basis of our research and evaluation in this area. These propositions relate to: (a) motivations of firms for engaging in international marketing; (b) subjective nature of international marketing decision‐making; (c) decision‐making modes which apply to international marketing; and (d) the nature of decision‐making over the firm's internationalisation process. The article is organised around these propositions.
100 citations
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02 Nov 1999
TL;DR: A New Model of Internationalisation is presented, which proposes a new model of internationalisation based on the role that Europe plays in the world, and the importance of the United States in that role.
Abstract: Chapter 1 Unsettled. Chapter 2 European States and Nations. Chapter 3 World Politics. Chapter 4 International Political Economy. Chapter 5 Governance. Chapter 6 Market. Chapter 7 Money. Chapter 8 International Role. Chapter 8 A New Model of Internationalisation
99 citations
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01 Jan 2002
TL;DR: In this paper, the International Political Economy and Organized Labour: Approaches and Theories are discussed. But the focus is on the International Organization of Trade Unions, Training and Globalization: Initiatives in Britain and Brazil.
Abstract: List of Illustrations Acknowledgements List of Contributors Part I. International Political Economy and Organized Labour: Approaches and Theories Chapter 1. Introduction: Organized Labour and Global Political Economy Chapter 2. Work, Production and Social Relations: Repositioning the Firm in the International Political Economy Chapter 3. Towards an International Political Economy of Labour Chapter 4. Internationalization, Industrial Relations and International Relations Part II. National and Regional Strategies Chapter 5. Organizing Globally, Organizing Local: Geographical Scale and Union Spatial Strategy Chapter 6. Trade Unions, Training and Globalization: Initiatives in Britain and Brazil Chapter 7. The International Dimension of Labour Federation Economic Strategy in Canada and the United States 1947 - 2000 Chapter 8. Unions, States and Capitals: Competing (Inter)nationalisms in North America and European Integration Chapter 9. International Labour and Regional Integration: Asia-Pacific Part III. The Global Arena: Unions and Global Dynamics Chapter 10. The Constraints on Labour Internationalism: Contradictions and Prospects Chapter 11. Labour Movement Renewal in the Era of Globalization: Union Responses in the South Chapter 12. Peripheralizing Labour: the ILO, WTO and the Completion of the Bretton Woods Project Chapter 13. The Varied Paths to Minimum Global Labour Standads Chapter 14. Labour as a Global Social Force: Past Divisions and New Tasks References Index
99 citations