Internationalization

About: Internationalization is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 18414 publications have been published within this topic receiving 427742 citations. The topic is also known as: internationalisation & Internationalization.

Inter-Firm Collaboration, Learning and Networks: An Integrated Approach

Abstract: 1. Introduction 1.1 Aims and scope 1.1.1 Questions 1.1.2 Scope 1.1.3 Disciplines 1.2 Concepts and theory 1.2.1 Competence 1.2.2 Knowledge 1.2.3 Decision heuristics 1.2.4 Organization 1.2.5 Institutions 1.2.6 Complementary cognition 1.2.7 Tacit knowledge, absorptive capacity and firm size 1.2.8 Knowledge transfer to small firms 1.2.9 Governance 1.3 Advanced 1.3.1 Cognitive distance 1.3.2 Empirical tests 1.3.5 Evolutionary psychology 1.3.6 Institutions and evolution 1.3.7 Methodological interactionism 1.3.8 Incommensurability 2. Goals 2.1 Goals 2.1.1 Efficiency 2.1.2 Competence 2.1.3 Positioning 2.1.4 Performance 2.2 Concepts and theory 2.2.1 Economies of scale and scope 2.2.2 Economies of time 2.2.3 Innovation 2.2.4 Learning, exploration and exploitation 2.2.5 Communities of practice 2.2.6 Internationalization 2.3 Advanced 2.3.1 Threshold costs 2.3.2 Cycle of discovery 2.3.3 Leaning by internationalization 3. Structure 3.1 Forms 3.1.1 Structure 3.1.2 Ties 3.1.3 Concentration of ownership and control 3.1.4 Cobwebs 3.2 Choice 3.2.1 MA or alliance? 3.2.2 Bad reasons 3.2.3 Joint ventures 3.2.4 Network structure 3.2.5 Licensing 3.2.6 Structures of buyer-supplier relations 3.2.7 External corporate venturing 3.3 Concepts and theory 3.3.1 Third parties 3.3.2 The revelation problem 3.4 Advanced 3.4.1 Location 4. Governance 4.1 Risk analysis 4.1.1 Governance 4.1.2 Relational risk 4.1.3 An audit of hold-up risk 4.1.4 Network effects 4.2 Instruments 4.2.1 Risk control 4.2.2 Strategic orientations 4.2.3 Instruments 4.2.4 Contingencies 4.3 Concepts and theory 4.3.1 Trust 4.3.2 Go-betweens 4.3.3 Hostages 4.4 Advanced 4.4.1 Detailed risk audit 4.4.1.1 Value 4.4.1.2 Switching costs 4.4.1.3 Room for opportunism 4.4.1.4 Intent towards opportunism 4.4.1.5 Overall system 4.4.2 Detailed choice 4.4.2.1 Conditions 4.4.2.2 Problems of governance 4.4.2.3 Examples 4.4.3 Empirical tests 5. Process 5.1 Stages of relations 5.1.1. Beginning 5.1.2. Management 5.1.3. Adaptation 5.1.4. The end 5.2 Networks for exploration and exploitation 5.2.1 Networks for exploration: the competence side 5.2.2 Networks for exploration: the governance side 5.2.3 Networks for exploitation 5.2.4 Contingencies 5.2.5 Conclusion 5.2.6 Empirical evidence 5.2.6.1 Multimedia 5.2.6.2 Biotechnology 5.2.7 Development of clusters 5.2.8 Development of MNC's 5.2.9 Keiretsu5.3 Advanced 5.3.1 Opening game 5.3.2 Closing game 5.3.3 Generic forms of outsourcing 6. Summary and Conclusions 6.1 Integrated theory 6.2 Dyads and networks 6.3 Goals of collaboration 6.4 Forms of collaboration 6.5 Governance 6.6 Process 6.7 Further research

The power of the Buckley and Casson thesis: the ability to manage institutional idiosyncrasies

Abstract: Recent patterns of rapid internationalization in sectors characterized by strong public interest and both government and domestic capital constraints seem, at first, inconsistent with the drivers of internationalization identified by Buckley and Casson (1976) for manufacturing industries in the postwar era. A more microanalytic perspective, however, identifies the ability to manage institutional idiosyncrasies as a firm-level capability akin to research or advertising that can drive internalization across national borders and thereby internationalization. These arguments are examined using evidence from the independent power production sector.

Internationalization, Globalization, and Capability-Based Strategy

Abstract: Current trends appear to suggest that globally integrated strategies are the wave of the future for many industries, but no theoretically sound, firm-level model explains this situation International business models explain industry trends from economic perspectives, and organizational theory is beginning to examine the organizing principles of multinational firms, but a gap exists in explaining the strategic motivations of multinational firms as they expand and integrate worldwide This article develops a capability-driven, as opposed to market-driven, framework of multinational strategy This contingent framework explains the organizational consequences of international expansion and global integration depending on the capability types, capability strategies, and multinational strategies of the multinational firm

Internationalization and Firm Risk: An Upstream-Downstream Hypothesis

Abstract: Corporate international diversification theory posits that multinational corporations (MNCs) should have lower risk and higher financial leverage than purely domestic corporations (DCs) We suggest an alternative upstream-downstream hypothesis according to which the overall effect of internationalization on the risk and leverage of MNCs is expected to vary with home and target market conditions The empirical results are consistent with the suggested hypothesis