Topic
Interpersonal communication
About: Interpersonal communication is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 26243 publications have been published within this topic receiving 767999 citations.
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TL;DR: Female primary care physicians engage in more communication that can be considered patient centered and have longer visits than their male colleagues, and gender-related practice patterns in some subspecialties may differ from those evident in primary care.
Abstract: ContextPhysician gender has been viewed as a possible source of variation in
the interpersonal aspects of medical practice, with speculation that female
physicians facilitate more open and equal exchange and a different therapeutic
milieu from that of male physicians. However, studies in this area are generally
based on small samples, with conflicting results.ObjectiveTo systematically review and quantify the effect of physician gender
on communication during medical visits.Data SourcesOnline database searches of English-language abstracts for the years
1967 to 2001 (MEDLINE, AIDSLINE, PsycINFO, and Bioethics); a hand search was
conducted of reprint files and the reference sections of review articles and
other publications.Study SelectionStudies using a communication data source, such as audiotape, videotape,
or direct observation, and large national or regional studies in which physician
report was used to establish length of visit, were identified through bibliographic
and computerized searches. Twenty-three observational studies and 3 large
physician-report studies reported in 29 publications met inclusion criteria
and were rated.Data ExtractionThe Cohen d was computed based on 2 reviewers'
(J.A.H. and Y.A.) independent extraction of quantitative information from
the publications. Study heterogeneity was tested using Q statistics and pooled
effect sizes were computed using the appropriate effects model. The characteristics
of the study populations were also extracted.Data SynthesisFemale physicians engage in significantly more active partnership behaviors,
positive talk, psychosocial counseling, psychosocial question asking, and
emotionally focused talk. There were no gender differences evident in the
amount, quality, or manner of biomedical information giving or social conversation.
Medical visits with female physicians are, on average, 2 minutes (10%) longer
than those with male physicians. Obstetrics and gynecology may present a different
pattern than that of primary care, with male physicians demonstrating higher
levels of emotionally focused talk than their female colleagues.ConclusionsFemale primary care physicians engage in more
communication that can be considered patient centered and have longer
visits than their male colleagues. Limited studies exist outside of
primary care, and gender-related practice patterns in some
subspecialties may differ from those evident in primary
care.
1,151 citations
TL;DR: This article explored the themes used by married couples, dating couples, relatives, live-in friends, and non-live-in friend to interpret their current relational episodes, and found that dating couples used themes of commitment, fragility, and manipulation, while marital couples, family members, and live-insignificant others used themes such as involvement, work, and respect.
Abstract: This study explored the themes used by married couples, dating couples, relatives, live‐in friends, and non‐live‐in friends to interpret their current relational episodes. One hundred eighteen people participated in fifty‐five report tasks. Among the findings were that dating couples used themes of commitment, fragility, and manipulation, while marital couples, relatives, and live‐in friends used themes of involvement, work, and respect.
1,129 citations
1,113 citations
1,109 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the communication behaviors and performances of 50 R&D project groups that varied in terms of group longevity, as measured by the average length of time project members had worked together.
Abstract: In his research on engineering project teams, for example, Allen (1977) carefully demonstrated that only 11 percent of the sources of new ideas and information could be attributed to written media; the rest ocurred through interpersonal communications. This study investigated the communication behaviors and performances of 50 R&D project groups that varied in terms of group longevity, as measured by the average length of time project members had worked together. Analyses revealed that project groups became increasingly isolated from key information sources both within and outside their organizations with increasing stability in project membership. Such reductions in project communication were also shown to affect adversely the technical performance of project groups. Furthermore, variations in communication activities were more associated with the tenure composition of project groups than with the project tenures of individual engineers. These findings are presented and discussed in the more general terms of what happens in project groups with increasing group longevity.
1,106 citations