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Interpersonal relationship

About: Interpersonal relationship is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 22392 publications have been published within this topic receiving 937957 citations. The topic is also known as: interpersonal status & relationship.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored the associations between the personality variables of the five-factor model and close relationship variables (love styles, relationship satisfaction, and intimacy) and found that neuroticism was negatively associated with and predictive of satisfaction and intimacy.

251 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Current developmental research is integrated to explain why social relationships are generally more positive with age, and literature indicating that older adults engage in strategies that optimize positive social experiences and minimize negative ones by avoiding conflicts.
Abstract: Older adults typically report higher levels of satisfaction with their social relationships than younger adults. The present paper integrates current developmental research to explain why social relationships are generally more positive with age. We discuss actions by older adults that contribute to more positive social experiences. We also include social role changes that may provide advantages for older adults when navigating their relationships. Next, we turn to interactional processes between older adults with their social partners. We review literature indicating that: (a) older adults engage in strategies that optimize positive social experiences and minimize negative ones by avoiding conflicts, and (b) social partners often reciprocate by treating older adults more positively and with greater forgiveness than they do younger adults.

251 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Juvenile sexual offenders, violent nonsexual offenders, and status offenders were compared using psychometric instruments to assess intrafamily violence, quality of offender social skills, interpersonal relationships, and self-concept as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Juvenile sexual offenders, violent nonsexual offenders, and status offenders were compared using psychometric instruments to assess intrafamily violence, quality of offender social skills, interpersonal relationships, and self-concept. Self-report and record data were gathered on family history, education, behavior problems, criminal history, history of abuse, exposure to pornography, and early childhood memories. Juvenile child molesters were found to have experienced more parental use of violence and to be victims of physical and sexual abuse more often than the other offender groups. Child molesters expressed greater need for control and inclusion in interpersonal relationships and problems related to self-esteem. The content of early childhood memories and exposure to pornographic material differed among the groups. The groups did not differ in assertiveness, self-concept, or family history variables. Implications of these differences for future research are considered.

250 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Abele and Wojciszke as mentioned in this paper argue that two fundamental content dimensions underlie these various judgments, i.e., communion and warmth, are the two core challenges humans have faced over millennia.
Abstract: In recent years, research on social judgment–including interpersonal perception, group perception, and even selfperception–has converged on the important realization that two fundamental content dimensions underlie these various judgments (Abele & Wojciszke, 2007; Cuddy, Fiske & Glick, 2008; Dubois & Beauvois, 2005; Fiske, Cuddy, & Glick, 2007; Judd, James-Hawkins, Yzerbyt, & Kashima, 2005; Paulhus & John, 1998; Peeters, 1992, 2008; Peeters & Czapinski, 1990; Phalet & Poppe, 1997; Rosenberg, Nelson, & Vivekananthan, 1968; Wiggins, 1979). This special issue presents a collection of recent empirical and theoretical developments in the study of these two dimensions. Different names denote the two fundamental content dimensions, depending on the specific strand of work that is examined. For instance, researchers refer to communion versus agency (Abele & Wojciszke, 2007; Bakan, 1966), warmth versus competence (Cuddy et al. 2008; Fiske, Cuddy, Glick, & Xu, 2002; Judd, et al., 2005), expressiveness versus instrumentality (Parsons & Bales, 1955), socially versus intellectually good-bad (Rosenberg, et al., 1968), otherprofitability versus self-profitability (Peeters, 1992), social desirability versus social utility (Dubois & Beauvois, 2005), morality versus competence (Wojciszke 2005), and socio-morality vs. taskability (Ybarra, Chan, Park, Burnstein, Monin, & Stanik, in this issue). The first of the two dimensions (e.g., communion, warmth, etc.) is represented by such positive traits as warm, friendly, honest, and good-natured, and by such negative traits as deceitful, cold, and unreliable. The second of the two dimensions (e.g., agency, competence, etc.) is exemplified by such positive traits as competent, assertive, ambitious, and intelligent, and by such negative traits as inefficient, indecisive, passive, and lazy. Although both dimensions play key roles in social judgment, the communion/warmth dimension is regarded as primary because it accounts for more variance in trait ratings (Abele & Wojciszke, 2007, Study 1), is more quickly recognized (Ybarra, Chan, & Park, 2001), and more severely constrains judgments on the other dimension than vice versa (Yzerbyt, Kervyn & Judd, 2008). The organization of traits into these two fundamental dimensions is not incidental, but rather has a functional meaning. Summarizing earlier intuitions (Fiske et al., 2007), Ybarra et al. (in this issue) argue that these two dimensions reflect the two core challenges humans have faced over millennia. The first key challenge concerns social acceptance and connection, clearly critical to survival. The second key challenge concerns the manifestation of skills, competencies, and status, and the pursuit of goals, given available opportunities. One might ask why there are so many different names for these fundamental dimensions. Although we cannot provide an in-depth discussion in this introduction, two issues should be noted. First, the variety of labels for these two dimensions reflects the range of research areas from which they emerged. For instance, the widely acknowledged distinction between warmth and competence is well established in stereotype research (Cuddy et al., 2008; Fiske et al., 2006; Judd et al., 2005). At the same time, the distinction between communion and agency is ubiquitous in research on the self or on gender (Abele, 2003; Abele & Wojciszke, 2007). Second, are these dimensions operationalized similarly, regardless of their idiosyncratic nomeclature? It appears that across research areas, operationalizations of the first dimension (i.e., communion/warmth) converge; researchers in different fields define and operationalize this dimension very similarly. In a way, this corroborates the claim that the communion/warmth dimension is primary in social judgment. For the agency/competence dimension, the convergence is also high for the components of ‘‘competence’’ and ‘‘efficiency.’’ However, the conceptualization of ‘‘agency’’ also stresses traits that refer to motivation and assertiveness (e.g., ambitious, goal-oriented). This facet of the agency/competence dimension is perhaps more important with respect to self-perception and interpersonal perception than with respect to group perception (i.e., stereotypes). The somewhat different ways by which these two dimensions are translated into concrete measures, hence, may stem from different research focuses (e.g. self/others vs. groups/ stereotypes).

250 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The type and size of social networks have a role in the relationship between loneliness and depression and increasing social interaction may be more beneficial than strategies based on improving maladaptive social cognition in loneliness to reduce the prevalence of depression among Spanish older adults.
Abstract: Loneliness and depression are associated, in particular in older adults. Less is known about the role of social networks in this relationship. The present study analyzes the influence of social networks in the relationship between loneliness and depression in the older adult population in Spain. A population-representative sample of 3535 adults aged 50 years and over from Spain was analyzed. Loneliness was assessed by means of the three-item UCLA Loneliness Scale. Social network characteristics were measured using the Berkman–Syme Social Network Index. Major depression in the previous 12 months was assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Logistic regression models were used to analyze the survey data. Feelings of loneliness were more prevalent in women, those who were younger (50–65), single, separated, divorced or widowed, living in a rural setting, with a lower frequency of social interactions and smaller social network, and with major depression. Among people feeling lonely, those with depression were more frequently married and had a small social network. Among those not feeling lonely, depression was associated with being previously married. In depressed people, feelings of loneliness were associated with having a small social network; while among those without depression, feelings of loneliness were associated with being married. The type and size of social networks have a role in the relationship between loneliness and depression. Increasing social interaction may be more beneficial than strategies based on improving maladaptive social cognition in loneliness to reduce the prevalence of depression among Spanish older adults.

250 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023211
2022514
2021551
2020776
2019798
2018738