Showing papers on "Interval training published in 1974"
TL;DR: Lindholm et al. as discussed by the authors examined the metabolic response of standardbred horses to excercise of various speeds and duration and concluded that interval training over a distance of 700-1000 m repeated 4-6 times with a trotting speed close to maximal speed (11.4-12.5 m×sec.−1) appears to be optimal.
Abstract: LINDHOLM, ARNE and BENGT SALTIN: The physiological and biochemical response of standardbred horses to exercise of varying speed and duration. Acta vet. scand. 1974, 15, 310–324. — Welltrained standardbred horses were studied to examine the metabolic response to excercise of various speeds and duration. Comparisons between interval (400, 700, 1,000 and 2,000 m) and continuous trotting (1 hr., 2 hrs.) and racing were made. Muscle and rectal temperatures were recorded before and immediately after each work bout. Heart rate was linearly related to trotting speed, and maximal heart rate (240 beats × min.−1) was achieved when trotting at least 700 m at close to maximal speed (12.0–12.5 m×sec.−1). Biopsy specimens from the gluteus medius muscle and venous blood were obtained before and after each work bout. Muscle and blood lactate values were markedly increased first at speeds close to maximal speed (11.4–12.5 m×sec.−1). Trotting 6×700 m at 12.5 m×sec.−1 produced as high muscle and blood lactate values as 23.7 and 19.0 mmol×kg−1 wet weight and l−1, respectively. Corresponding values after a race were about 15 mmol×kg−1 (muscle) and l−1 (blood). Glycogen utilization was related to work intensity and was most pronounced during the first work bouts. At a speed of 12 m×sec.−1 and trotting 2000 m, there was a glycogen utilization of near 12 mmol glucose units × kg−1 × min.−1 wet muscle. It is concluded that interval training over a distance of 700–1000 m repeated 4–6 times with a trotting speed close to maximal speed (11.4–12.5 m×sec.−1) appears to be optimal. ATP; CP; blood lactate; glycogen utilization; heart rate; horse skeletal muscle; muscle lactate; racing training.
134 citations
Journal Article•
9 citations
TL;DR: Controversy appears evident concerning the manner of determining recovery during interval training, while others prefer allowing the heart rate to return to approximately 120 beats/minute before beginning the next repetition.
Abstract: Controversy appears evident concerning the manner of determining recovery during interval training. Several sources (Nett, 1964; Doherty, 1967; Jensen and Fisher, 1972) advocate a strict time recovery, while others (Caufield, 1965; McArdle and Patti, 1967; Mathews and Fox, 1971) prefer allowing the heart rate to return to approximately 120 beats/minute before beginning the next repetition. The use of 120 beats/minute as the criterion of physiological readiness for the next effort phase is based on the work of Gerschler (Sprecher, 1964). Apparently below that critical heart rate the peripherial capillaries begin to constrict and the expansion effect on the heart is lessened (Nett, 1964). Some authorities (Down, 1966; Wilt, 1968) claim that such a phenomenon occurs after two-to-three minutes of recovery, hence time is at least as important as heart rate in setting recovery duration.
2 citations
TL;DR: It was concluded that the training regime is an effective method of producing a high total work output in competitive athletes and results in improvements in aerobic power, glycolytic capacity and ability to tolerate the short duration interval work encountered in many games.
Abstract: During a one month training period, eight active men, aged 23-35 years, completed sixteen 30 minute sessions of high intensity interval (5 second work bouts at 16.9 km/hr up 20-25% grade alternated with 10 second rest intervals) treadmill work. In this training period, VO2, VE and blood lactate in a 10 minute run at 12.9 km/hr on a level treadmill were unchanged but heart rate during this work decreased by an average of 9 beats/min. During a 4 minute interval work effort at the training intensity, blood lactate accumulation decreased by 40.4%. In exhausting work, mean values of VO2, VE and blood lactate increased by 6.2%, 8.2% and 31.6% respectively. Maximal heart rate decreased by an average of 4 beats/min. The average work production of the men in the training sessions improved by 64.5% from 28,160 kgm to 43,685 kgm. No significant improvements were observed in either a short sprint or a stair climbing test which assessed the ability to generate mechanical power from alactacid anaerobic sources. It was concluded that the training regime is an effective method of producing a high total work output in competitive athletes and results in improvements in aerobic power, glycolytic capacity and ability to tolerate the short duration interval work encountered in many games.