Showing papers on "Intra-rater reliability published in 1989"

Measuring balance in the elderly: preliminary development of an instrument

Abstract: The goal for this study was to develop a measure of balance appropriate for elderly individuals. In total, 38 patients, ranging in age from 60 to 93 years, and 32 professionals, including nurses, physicians, and physical and occupational therapists were surveyed in three distinct phases to develop the content. Reliability of the measure was assessed by having physical therapists evaulate the videotaped performances of geriatric subjects at two different points in time. The intraclass correlation coefficients measuring the inter and intra rater reliability for the test as a whole were .98 and .99 respectively. The correlation coefficients for the individual items ranged from .71 to .99. In addition, there was a high degree of internal consistency, a Cronbach's alpha of .96, which indicates the movements reflect a single underlying dimension. The scale consists of 14 movements common in everyday life. It is easy to administer and score and has measurement properties that are better than expected for a new i...

Handbook of reliability engineering and management

Abstract: Introduction, Definitions, and Relationships. The Role of Management in Reliability. Managing Reliability as a Process. Economics of Reliability. Design for Reliability. Failure Modes and Effects (FMEA) and Fault-Tree Analysis (FTA) (Success-Tree Analysis--STA). Reliability Specification and Goal Setting. Concurrent Engineering. Human-Centered Design. Reliability Information Collection and Analysis. Designing Experiments to Measure and Improve Reliability. Accelerated Testing. Failure Analysis System--Root Cause and Corrective Action. Physics of Failure. Maintainability and Reliability. Component Reliability. Thermal Management and Reliability of Electronics. Mechanical Stress and Analysis. Mechanical Reliability. Design for Mechanical Reliability. System Reliability. Software Reliability and the Development Process. Supplier Reliability and Quality Assurance. Techniques of Estimating Reliability at Design Stage. Mathematical and Statistical Methods and Models in Reliability and Life Studies. Life Distributions and Concepts. Graphical Analyses of Reliability Data. Appendices: A: Tables and Charts. B: Charts. C: Reliability Standards and Specifications.

Reliability of a Diabetic Foot Evaluation

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to establish the interrater and intrarater reliability of various ankle and foot measures common to a diabetic evaluation. Bilateral biomechanical, sensory, and wound-size measurements were obtained in 31 subjects with diabetes mellitus. Twenty-five subjects were retested by the initial examiner to determine intratester reliability, and all subjects were retested by another examiner to determine intertester reliability. Both examiners participated in an extensive training period prior to the initiation of this study to minimize variability between and within measurers. Intraclass correlation coefficients for interrater and intrarater measurements ranged from .58 to .89 and from .74 to .99, respectively. The results of this study indicate that ankle and foot measurements common to a diabetic evaluation can be taken reliably between testers. We believe extensive examiner training in these clinically relevant measures can improve reliability between testers.

Reliability of isokinetic muscle testing at the ankle.

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the intrarater and interrater reliability of mean peak torque values for the reciprocal motions of plantarflexion/dorsiflexion (PF/DF) and inversion/eversion (INV/EVER), generated isokinetically at 60 and 120°/sec. Forty-one healthy subjects, ranging in age from 20–75, were tested on three different occasions. The three test sessions were performed at the same time of day and separated by at least 24 hours. Pearson product-moment correlations were used to determine reliability for all ankle motions tested. Intrarater reliability of peak torque values for PF/DF and INV/EVER at both speeds ranged from 0.78–0.94, while the range of interrater coefficients was from 0.82–0.94. The results of this study suggest that when using a well defined clinical protocol, acceptable reliability for both test-retest and interrater situations can be obtained for isokinetic peak torque values of the ankle musculature at low and relatively high test speeds.

A Reliability test system for educational purposes-basic data

Abstract: The IEEE Reliability Test System (RTS) developed by the Application of Probability Method Subcommittee has been used to compare and test a wide range of generating capacity and composite system evaluation techniques and subsequent digital computer programs. A basic reliability test system is presented which has evolved from the reliability education and research programs conducted by the Power System Research Group at the University of Saskatchewan. The basic system data necessary for adequacy evaluation at the generation and composite generation and transmission system levels are presented together with the fundamental data required to conduct reliability-cost/reliability-worth evaluation

Reliability of the Genucom Knee Analysis System. A pilot study.

Abstract: Instrumented knee laxity testing is now common practice in many orthopedic and rehabilitative practices around the country. The Genucom Knee Analysis System is marketed as a comprehensive quantitative knee joint laxity testing device. To examine the intrarater reliability of the Genucom, the authors evaluated five normal subjects, each on three independent occasions. All testing was done by a single examiner. Anteroposterior (AP) drawer, valgus/varus, and tibial rotation tests were performed. The average variability for repeated testing was determined and this variability was then used to estimate the smallest statistically significant difference for a single repeat examination that would represent true change, i.e., change over and above the inherent variability of the measurement. The results indicate that: (1) anterior drawer variability and tibial rotational variability are dependent on the knee flexion angle; (2) reporting anterior drawer may be more reproducible than reporting total AP motion; and (3) on average, changes exceeding 3 mm for anterior drawer tests, 5 mm for total valgus-varus motion, and 7 degrees-17 degrees of tibial rotation are needed to be 95% confident that the change in a measure from one time to the next is real and not due to measurement variability.

Reliability and Validity of Data

Abstract: The reliability and validity of our data should be variously judged; a blanket challenging of subjective answers from patients is as out of place as an unthinking, uncritical acceptance of all data. The data in this study come from a variety of sources: Patients and their persons of reference Staff at the treatment centres Medical findings on physical examinations Doctors’ and social workers’ reports1 Interviewers’ reports at 6-month and 18-month follow-up

Real-Time Operational Reliability

Abstract: The classical approach to the determination of reliability characteristics is based on empirical data which represent operating time to the failure of several systems or components. Thus reliability assessment is a process which takes place after the failures have occurred. The main aim of this paper is to present a new approach which enables reliability to be assessed at real—time and reliability characteristics to be determined before failure takes place. The method used is based on the Relevant Condition Parameter reliability approach.

Design for quality and reliability

Abstract: The design approach to quality and reliability is described and the quality assurance arrangements and reliability analysis undertaken in support of Sizewell ‘B’ are described.

Economic reliability testing of fiber optic systems

Abstract: One method suppliers can use to assure that their fiber optic systems consistently meet the purchaser's early life reliability requirements at the time of shipment is to do system reliability testing. It is suggested that the amount of reliability testing that is performed by suppliers should be based on minimizing costs. The authors address the problem of simultaneously determining the time on test for each reliability test along with the fraction of systems to test. They also describe a procedure for the reliability test, provide a set of typical test performance parameters, and provide a method for calculating the expected number of failures in the reliability test for comparison with the number of failures observed. >