Showing papers on "Intra-rater reliability published in 1992"
TL;DR: The MMT grades are reliable for assessing muscle strength in boys with DMD when consecutive evaluations are performed by the same physical therapist, as well as after 6 and 12 months of treatment.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to document the intrarater reliability of manual muscle test (MMT) grades in assessing muscle strength in patients with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy (DMD). Subjects were 102 boys, aged 5 to 15 years, who were participating in a double-blind, multicenter trial to document the effects of prednisone on muscle strength in patients with DMD. Four physical therapists participated in the study. Two identical (duplicate) evaluations were performed within 5 days of each other by the same examiner initially and after 6 and 12 months of treatment. A total of 18 muscle groups were tested on each patient, 16 of them bilaterally, using a modification of the Medical Research Council scale. Reliability of muscle strength grades obtained for individual muscle groups and of individual muscle strength grades was analyzed using Cohen's weighted Kappa. The reliability of grades for individual muscle groups ranged from .65 to .93, with the proximal muscles having the higher reliability values. The reliability of individual muscle strength grades ranged from .80 to .99, with those in the gravity-eliminated range scoring the highest. We conclude the MMT grades are reliable for assessing muscle strength in boys with DMD when consecutive evaluations are performed by the same physical therapist.
323 citations
01 Nov 1992
TL;DR: This study assessed the validity and reliability of an instrument developed by the researchers for evaluation of pressure sores, the Pressure Sore Status Tool (PSST), and development of a theoretical model for creation of items for the PSST was part of a larger study.
Abstract: There is not yet a universal system for describing the status of pressure sores. The purpose of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of an instrument developed by the researchers for evaluation of pressure sores, the Pressure Sore Status Tool (PSST). This study was part of a larger study, which included development of a theoretical model for creation of items for the PSST. A nine-member expert judge panel established content validity of items on the instrument. Data were analyzed using a content of validity index (average index for tool = .91) and judges' comments were used to modify two items on the PSST. Two Enterostomal Therapy (ET) nurses independently used the revised tool to rate 20 pressure sores on ten adult medical-surgical patients, at two observation times. Interrater reliability was established at r = .91 for first observation and r = .92 for the second observation (p < .001). Intrarater reliability was r = .99 for rater one and r = .96 for rater two (p < .001). Future research will focus on refinement and further reliability testing of the instrument.
124 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: To date, most studies have demonstrated marginal to poor interexaminer reliability, while good to moderate intrarater reliability has generally been reported.
67 citations
TL;DR: Findings appear to undermine the expectation that the clinician can reliably apply surface inclinometry to estimate loss of spinal mobility for purposes of impairment determination.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the magnitude and clinical significance of surface measurement error in the determination of lumbar spinal flexion. Intrarater, inter-rater and intermethod reliability estimates were obtained using single inclinometry, double inclinometry and back range-of-motion inclinometry methods. Eight healthy subjects were examined independently by two experienced observers and three replicates of each measurement were obtained by each observer in a random sequence. In addition, three replicates of lumbar flexion angles were obtained for each subject by a single observer using the B-200. Reliability estimates were determined by intraclass correlation coefficients and were further compared by paired t tests between observation series. The median range of error was 8.5 degrees using the single inclinometer, 10.5 degrees using the double inclinometer and 16 degrees using the back range-of-motion. The intrarater reliability was generally higher than inter-rater reliability and intermethod reliability was low in most cases reflecting the poor cross-validity across inclinometry methods and between each inclinometry method and the B-200. In conclusion, significant measurement error in estimating lumbar flexion by inclinometry may be expected to occur even in a "controlled" setting using experienced observers, standard examination techniques and asymptomatic healthy subjects. These findings appear to undermine the expectation that the clinician can reliably apply surface inclinometry to estimate loss of spinal mobility for purposes of impairment determination.
50 citations
TL;DR: The gap between theory and practice of reliability measurement in software design is discussed, and key issues that underlie reliability measurement's evolution from theory to practice are presented.
Abstract: The gap between theory and practice of reliability measurement in software design is discussed, and key issues that underlie reliability measurement's evolution from theory to practice are presented. A panel discussion in which reliability measurement's salient issues, basic concepts, and underlying theory are outlined is included. Reliability measurement's role in the development life cycle is also discussed. >
48 citations
TL;DR: The Diabetes Quality Assurance (DQA) Checklist was developed to measure adherence to standards of diabetes care and is useful for monitoring and assessing diabetes care.
Abstract: The Diabetes Quality Assurance (DQA) Checklist was developed to measure adherence to standards of diabetes care. Two raters simultaneously scored a convenience sample of 23 charts of patients with ...
15 citations
01 Jan 1992
TL;DR: In this article, the reliability evaluations of single and multi-engined aircraft were made, based on accident rates per hours of flying time, and the reliability evaluation was performed in a technological context.
Abstract: After World War I the first reliability evaluations were performed in a technological context. Comparisons of single and multi-engined aircraft were then made, based on accident rates per hours of flying time.
10 citations
TL;DR: The fixed myometry system was found to be a highly reliable method for evaluating very weak muscle groups in patients with SMA.
Abstract: We have developed a protocol to evaluate, prospectively, patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) so that the natural course may be defined and treatment efficacy measured. A fixed myometry system with a sensitivity of 0.5 kgs. of force was used to eliminate the subjectivity experienced with manual muscle testing and handheld dynamometry. Thirteen patients were evaluated weekly for twelve weeks by the clinical evaluators (CEs). Intrarater reliability was established by demonstrating that repeated measurements by the same examiner were consistent. The CEs examined patients at each of the participating institutions on three separate occasions. Interrater reliability was demonstrated by showing that the strength evaluations made on the same subject by different evaluators did not differ significantly. The fixed myometry system was found to be a highly reliable method for evaluating very weak muscle groups in patients with SMA.
9 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1992
6 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors deal with the problems encountered when assessing the reliability of existing structures in a rather educational manner, addressing structural engineers not familiar with reliability con- ture.
Abstract: The paper deals with the problems encountered when assessing the reliability of existing structures in a rather educational manner, addressing structural engineers not familiar with reliability con...
18 Mar 1992
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the reliability performance evaluation of the high-density signal carrier through the phases of the program from the early reliability prediction, through the subsequent reliability assessment and debugging and ongoing reliability testing, to the later analysis of the field reliability performance data.
Abstract: For the DEC VAX-9000 computer, a high-density interconnect called the high density signal carrier was developed. The author describes the reliability performance evaluation of the high density signal carrier through the phases of the program from the early reliability prediction, through the subsequent reliability assessment and debugging and ongoing reliability testing, to the later analysis of the field reliability performance data. He also reviews and compares the mean time-between-failure (MTBF) design goals versus the actual field performance data over an 18-month period using various reliability assessment methods and techniques. >
Book•
31 Aug 1992
TL;DR: Reliability - an introduction to concepts and terms for reliability as discussed by the authors The customer's role in reliability programs and the role of the contractor/developer in formulating reliability approaches and needs.
Abstract: Reliability - an introduction to concepts and terms. Application of failure distributions to reliability. The customer's role in reliability programmes. The role of the contractor/developer in formulating reliability approaches and needs. Rudimentary probabilistic/statistical concepts used in performance of reliability programme tasks. The parts programme - what you should know/what you can do. Providing a basis for detailed design - the reliability block diagram and reliability apportionment. Reliability prediction during the development process. Reliability analysis and evaluation of series connected systems. Reliability analysis and evaluation of redundant or fault tolerant systems. Reliability design technologies. Reliability measurement and demonstration.
TL;DR: Test-retest reliability of a vocational assessment battery called the Pennsylvania Bi-Manual Worksample (PBWS) was examined and a high intraclass correlation value of .98 was found, which indicates that the PBWS provides consistent information about the vocational skills of adults with developmental disabilities.
Abstract: Test-retest reliability of a vocational assessment battery called the Pennsylvania Bi-Manual Worksample (PBWS) (Roberts, 1969) was examined in this study. The PBWS was administered to 30 adults with developmental disabilities at two different times, with an interval of 7 to 10 days between administrations. The subjects, who had mild to moderate degrees of mental retardation and ranged in age from 25 to 51 years, were chosen randomly from a group of 95 employees of a sheltered workshop for adults with developmental disabilities in western New York. When the scores from the two test administrations were compared to determine test-retest reliability, a high intraclass correlation value of .98 was found, which indicates that the PBWS provides consistent information about the vocational skills of adults with developmental disabilities.
01 Mar 1992
TL;DR: In this paper, the reliability indices are usually based on the continuity of service to the consumer, the unreliability effects on losses, and reliability indices can be derived from three dimensions of reliability: frequency, duration and magnitude.
Abstract: Identification of the appropriate reliability indices and the means of evaluation of these indices is one of the basic procedures in power systems reliability education. The reliability indices are usually based on the continuity of service to the consumer, the unreliability effects on losses. All of these indices can, however, be derived from three dimensions of reliability: frequency, duration and magnitude. This concept along with an appropriate software package that is written for a PC environment can be utilized in determining the reliability of power systems in a reliability engineering course. The concept and the computer program have been tested on an actual system and the results are presented in this paper.
Journal Article•
15 Jul 1992
01 Jan 1992
TL;DR: Reliability prediction/estimation takes place throughout the development program and provides the developer with information concerning the ability of a design to meet reliability requirements and to identify those portions of the item which require additional reliability effort.
Abstract: Reliability prediction/estimation takes place throughout the development program. Its purpose is to provide insight concerning future reliability performance of an item in use and during reliability test/demonstration. In doing so, it provides the developer with information concerning the ability of a design to meet reliability requirements and to identify those portions of the item which require additional reliability effort. It most often takes the form of an iterative process where previous prediction results are revised as design progresses. Different forms of reliability prediction are associated with each level of design keyed to the information available during that phase of the design development process.