Showing papers on "Intra-rater reliability published in 1996"
Book•
01 Jun 1996TL;DR: Partial Safety Factor Method Probabilistic Information Simple Reliability Index Geometricreliability Index Generalized Reliability index Transformation Sensitivity Analysis Monte Carlo Methods Load Combinations Statistical and Model Uncertainty Decision Philosophy Reliability of Existing Structures System Reliability Analysis.
Abstract: Partial Safety Factor Method Probabilistic Information Simple Reliability Index Geometric Reliability Index Generalized Reliability Index Transformation Sensitivity Analysis Monte Carlo Methods Load Combinations Statistical and Model Uncertainty Decision Philosophy Reliability of Existing Structures System Reliability Analysis Introduction to Process Descriptions.
1,852 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1996
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a basic reliability model for failure distribution and a constant failure rate model for time-dependent failure models, as well as a design for maintainability.
Abstract: 1 IntroductionI Basic Reliability Models2 The Failure Distribution3 Constant Failure Rate Model4 Time-Dependent Failure Models5 Reliability of Systems6 State Dependent Systems7 Physical Reliability Models8 Design for Reliability9 Maintainability10 Design for Maintainability11 AvailabilityII The Analysis of Failure Data12 Data Collection and Empirical Methods13 Reliability Testing14 Reliability Growth Testing15 Identifying Failure and Repair Distributions16 Goodness-of-Fit TestsIII Application17 Reliability Estimation and Application18 Implementation
1,469 citations
TL;DR: The authors used meta-analytic methods to compare the interrater and intrarater reliabilities of ratings of 10 dimensions of job performance used in the literature; ratings of overall job performance were also examined.
Abstract: This study used meta-analytic methods to compare the interrater and intrarater reliabilities of ratings of 10 dimensions of job performance used in the literature; ratings of overall job performance were also examined. There was mixed support for the notion that some dimensions are rated more reliably than others. Supervisory ratings appear to have higher interrater reliability than peer ratings. Consistent with H. R. Rothstein (1990), mean interrater reliability of supervisory ratings of overall job performance was found to be .52. In all cases, interrater reliability is lower than intrarater reliability, indicating that the inappropriate use of intrarater reliability estimates to correct for biases from measurement error leads to biased research results. These findings have important implications for both research and practice.
765 citations
01 Jan 1996
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a table of table of tables of this paper : Table of Table 1.3.1.1-3.2.0.1]
Abstract: Table of
339 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that reliability is increased when the PEDI is administered to both the parent and the primary therapist, as their perceptions of the child differ on some of the P EDI items.
Abstract: The reliability and validity of the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) were investigated in a series of three studies: 1) intrarater reliability (n = 23), 2) interrespondent reliability (n = 1 7), and 3) concurrent validity with the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales (PDMS) (n = 25)
182 citations
TL;DR: Reliability of the MAS for assessing plantarflexor spasticity in patients with traumatic brain injury was found to be minimally adequate to support its continued use, however, interrater reliability was less than that which has been reported for elbow flexors, and intrarater reliability findings were mixed.
Abstract: Although the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) is commonly used to assess the severity of muscle spasticity for ankle plantarflexors, its reliability has only been established for elbow muscles. Interrater reliability, intrarater reliability and temporal (between-days) reliability were examined in this study. Also, interrater reliability for use of the scale with plantarflexors was compared with reported results from the measurement of elbow flexors. Thirty adult volunteers with traumatic brain injuries participated. There were 20 men and 10 women; the mean age was 28.3 years (SD = 10.8). Two physical therapists used the MAS to score the subjects independently. Measurements were repeated to yield multiple scores for intrarater reliability assessment. Twenty-one of the subjects returned individually on separate days to be measured again, so that temporal reliability could be assessed. Spearman's correlation coefficients were 0.73 for interrater reliability 0.74 and 0.55 for intrarater reliability, and 0.82 for temporal reliability. Overall, reliability of the MAS for assessing plantarflexor spasticity in patients with traumatic brain injury was found to be minimally adequate to support its continued use. However, interrater reliability was less than that which has been reported for elbow flexors, and intrarater reliability findings were mixed.
88 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The Motivation Assessment Scale was submitted to several variations of reliability analysis and internal consistency was found to be superior to interrater reliability.
Abstract: The Motivation Assessment Scale was submitted to several variations of reliability analysis. Internal consistency was found to be superior to interrater reliability. Difference score reliability was insufficient to permit profile analysis.
40 citations
Book•
01 Mar 1996
TL;DR: This paper presents a meta-analysis of the literature on Reliability Physics and Failure Mechanisms and its applications in Lifetesting and Reliability Screening.
Abstract: Partial table of contents: FUNDAMENTALS. Reliability Physics and Failure Mechanisms. Statistical Distributions. MODELLING. The Load-Strength Concept. Intrinsic Reliability - The Generic Case. Extrinsic Reliability. EVALUATION. Lifetesting. Field Failure Data Analysis. Reliability Prediction of Electronic Equipment. ASSURANCE. Reliability Screening: Burn-in. Reliability Indicator Screening. Appendices. Index.
37 citations
TL;DR: If the Functional Reach Test is a reliable measure of balance for children with lower extremity spasticity, to determine the optimal number of measurement trials per child necessary to ensure reliability, and to obtain data of mean functional reach values and compare them to the study by Donahoe et al.
Abstract: Children with lower extremity spasticity frequently exhibit balance deficits. The purposes of this study were (1) to determine if the Functional Reach Test is a reliable measure of balance for children with lower extremity spasticity, (2) to determine the optimal number of measurement trials per child necessary to ensure reliability, and (3) to obtain data of mean functional reach values and compare them to the study by Donahoe et al.1 of children without disabilities in the same age groups. Functional reach was assessed on 32 children with lower extremity spasticity between the ages of 5 and 15 years. Reach was recorded by measuring the initial-most and forward-most reach positions of the subject's extended arm parallel to a yardstick attached to the wall. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC 2,1) showed high intrarater reliability within a single session and between sessions, .94 and .87 respectively. P-values were .84 within a session and .14 between sessions. Standard error of measure (SEM = SD √1...
29 citations
TL;DR: The results indicated that three trials in a session might be insufficient to obtain a true measure of MVC, and the described method for measuring SMVC, expressed as area and peak score, had high test-retest reliability and an acceptable degree of short-term and long-term variability.
Abstract: The purposes of this study were to develop methods for measuring maximal isometric grip strength during short and sustained contractions in a laboratory setting, and to evaluate the test-retest reliability of these methods in short- and long-term perspectives. Eleven healthy men and women were assessed on four occasions. Maximal voluntary isometric grip strength (MVC) was measured in standardized and optional positions, and sustained maximal isometric strength (SMVC) in the standardized position. The results indicated that three trials in a session might be insufficient to obtain a true measure of MVC. The within-session and test-retest reliability of the described multi-trial procedure was considered satisfactory. The mean score of the last three trials tended to show the highest short-term and long-term variability. There were no clear differences between scores obtained in standardized and optional positions. The standardized position seemed more consistently to yield higher test-retest reliability and...
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Part Two of this article will demonstrate how validity and reliability theory can be operationalized in an ongoing program for maintaining WMS reliability and validity.
Abstract: Nursing workload measurement systems (WMSs) are used in inpatient and outpatient settings for staffing, scheduling, and budgeting. The nurse administrator can use WMS data to make wise decisions in these key areas providing the data are reliable and valid. Unfortunately, in most institutions, attention to issues of reliability and validity occurs only at system implementation and then the systems are left unattended. This article provides an overview of validity and reliability as it relates to WMSs. Part Two of this article will demonstrate how validity and reliability theory can be operationalized in an ongoing program for maintaining WMS reliability and validity.
TL;DR: The Interrater/Test Reliability System (ITRS) Multivariate Behavioral Research: Vol.
Abstract: (1996). Interrater/Test Reliability System (ITRS) Multivariate Behavioral Research: Vol. 31, No. 4, pp. 409-417.
01 Jan 1996
TL;DR: This paper summarizes the results presented at the International Conference on Lifetime Data Models in Reliability and Survival Analysis held at Harvard University in June 1994.
Abstract: This paper summarizes the results presented at the International Conference on Lifetime Data Models in Reliability and Survival Analysis held at Harvard University in June 1994. A detailed version will appear elsewhere.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a method to solve the problem of homonymity of homophily in the context of homomorphic data, and no abstracts are available.
Abstract: No abstract available.
20 Oct 1996
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on the rapid nature of most WLR tests, which allows the process engineer to evaluate the impact of process variation and obtain an "almost instantaneous" feedback as to its reliability impact.
Abstract: Wafer-level reliability (WLR) testing continues to be an important tool for implementing a building-in reliability (BIR) strategy. The thrust of WLR testing has shifted, however, from the back-of-the-line (monitoring of outgoing reliability levels) to the front-of-the-line (margin testing during the development and productization phase). The rapid nature of most WLR tests permits the process engineer to evaluate the impact of process variation and obtain an "almost instantaneous" feedback as to its reliability impact. Rapid reliability information feedback is a key to helping the process engineer to build reliability into the technology. This is extremely important today when technologies are being developed and introduced to fabs at a rapid rate.
TL;DR: In this article, the Laplace test and ROCOF curves are used for trend testing in the context of reliability/survival applications, and a practical reliability example is presented.
Abstract: Considers trend testing in the context of reliability/survival applications. Suggests that the very common tendency in reliability testing to fit lifetime distributions to reliability/maintenance data might occasionally be invalid. Details the appropriate methods to assess the validity, or otherwise, of such a procedure. More specifically, discusses ROCOF curves and the Laplace test for trend, and demonstrates their use by means of a practical, reliability example.
01 Jan 1996
TL;DR: An example of redundancy that increase the cost of the system but reduce the LCC is presented and CARE (Computer Aided Reliability Engineering) software tool which was used is introduced.
Abstract: One of the problems that Reliability Engineers are faced after defining the redundancy techniques is to select the one which is the cheapest in Life Cycle Cost term. In this article we shall present an example of redundancy that increase the cost of the system but reduce the LCC and we shall introduce CARE (Computer Aided Reliability Engineering) software tool which was used.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors give a brief survey over the existing evaluation techniques, i.e., recursive convolution technique, fast Fourier tra nsfornl, Fourier expansions approximation and Gram-Charlier expansions for reliability indices, and then make a fair comparison by using both test systems and the practical power systems for the evaluation of the loss of load probability (LOLP), expected unserved energy (EUE) from the viewpoint of both accuracy and computation time.
Abstract: This paper first gives a brief survey over fourexisting evaluation techniques, i.e., recursive convolution technique, fast Fourier tra.nsfornl, Fourier expansions approximation and Gram-Charlier expansions for reliability indices, and then makes a fair comparison by using both test systems and the practical power systems for the evaluation of the loss of load probability (LOLP), expected unserved energy (EUE) from the viewpoint of both accuracy and computation time. キ ー ワー ド:供 給 不 足 確 率 、 電 力供 給 計 画 、 フー リエ 変 換 、 フー リエ 級 数 、 グ ラ ム シ ャ リエ 級 数
TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider serial MEGX testing as useful to monitor changes in the individual patient and propose a fast and safe technique to evaluate liver function, which is superior to conventional liver testing because of its independence of exogenous plasma products and the potential for early detection of liver impairment before structural damage to hepatocytes.
Abstract: reasons for low MEGX results such as reduced blood flow, regional tissue hypoxia and endotoxaemia can be considered an advantage of the method. In those circumstances MEGX results might reveal hepatic dysfunction prior to structural hepato-cellular damage and thus might provide time to modify treatment. Maynard et al. have shown a significant increase in splanchnic blood flow with dopexamine as determined by MEGX, indocyanine green (1CG)-clearance and gastric intramucosal pH, with the lack of any change in systemic mean arterial pressure [I]. However, in our patients the significant difference in mean arterial blood pressure could partly explain the impaired MEGX formation. As stated in the article, we consider serial MEGX testing as useful to monitor changes in the individual patient. An admission MEGX test could help to control interindividual differences in cytochrome P450 activity. Association with other tests such as determination of serum lactate, ICG-clearance, or gastric intramucosal pH is very useful. We consider MEGX testing a fast and safe technique to evaluate liver function. It is superior to conventional liver testing because of its independence of exogenous plasma products and the potential for early detection of liver impairment before structural damage to hepatocytes occurs.