Intra-rater reliability

About: Intra-rater reliability is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2073 publications have been published within this topic receiving 140968 citations.

Does building-in reliability imply more or less wafer-level reliability testing?

Abstract: Wafer-level reliability (WLR) testing continues to be an important tool for implementing a building-in reliability (BIR) strategy. The thrust of WLR testing has shifted, however, from the back-of-the-line (monitoring of outgoing reliability levels) to the front-of-the-line (margin testing during the development and productization phase). The rapid nature of most WLR tests permits the process engineer to evaluate the impact of process variation and obtain an "almost instantaneous" feedback as to its reliability impact. Rapid reliability information feedback is a key to helping the process engineer to build reliability into the technology. This is extremely important today when technologies are being developed and introduced to fabs at a rapid rate.

Reliability growth testing, what is the real final result? Accelerated test methodology for reliability growth

Abstract: This paper discusses the error in the understanding and representation of the traditional reliability growth model where the failure rates of different failure modes are treated in the same manner. The total initial failure rate of an item, consisting of the constant and changing components, is modeled mathematically as changing, but during the test, the random failures (a part of the overall failure rate) are disregarded. This introduces inevitable overestimation of the reliability growth and the reliability improvement. Only a smaller portion of the total tested item (design errors' where the failure rate is only a fraction of the total item failure rate) can be improved Improving a much smaller rate to a desired reliability goal requires considerably and often cost prohibitive test time To perform correct calculations for realistic test results and with reasonable resources, accelerated testing based on the Physics of Failure is recommended to use. This method is capable of providing a reasonable test duration which would be technically correct and economically feasible. This tutorial presents the methodology for the design of the accelerated reliability growth tests and their data analysis.

Improving equipment reliability through e-learning

Abstract: While process companies are confronted with increasing economic and regulatory demands, the Internet offers incredible opportunities. To remain profitable, process companies must operate their facilities in a manner that is continuously reliable, safe and environmentally responsible. This requires experienced and knowledgeable personnel who have access to information and an organization that is receptive to and capable of change. Meanwhile, a generation of experienced workers is nearing retirement and younger workers are more difficult than ever to attract and retain. This loss of experience threatens to deplete companies of the skills required to compete and remain successful.

Interpretation of uroflow curves: A global survey measuring inter and intra rater reliability.

Abstract: INTRODUCTION There is a large amount of intra and inter observer variability in defining curve shapes. This study aims to evaluate inter and intra rater reliability (RR) on evaluating uroflow curves in a broad spectrum of international practitioners. METHODS Eight hundred sixty-four questionnaires were sent by email to health professionals that care for children with voiding dysfunction. It included demographic questions and 11 different uroflow curves and two duplicates. RESULTS Four hundred forty-one emails were opened and 29.5% of those responded. Seventy percent of responders were physicians, including 46% pediatric urologists. Europe, South America, North America, Oceania, and Asia represented respondents. For the repeated bell smooth curve the intra rater agreement was 82.1% utilizing the International Children's Continence Society (ICCS) classification and 92.3% for the shape of the curve (bell, plateau, and tower [BPT]) (P = .04). For the repeated interrupted plateau curve it was 69.5% and 97.5% for ICCS and for the continuity of the curve (smooth or fractionated [SF]) classifications, respectively (P < .001). The curves were then divided into two groups for evaluation of inter RR. For the set of seven smooth curves, the inter RR was low in all classifications with α = .282, .497, and .242 for ICCS, SF, and BPT, respectively. The group of six fractionated curves showed a slightly better agreement with α = .533, .404, and .662 for ICCS, SF, and BPT, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This is the largest study looking at inter and intra RR of uroflows in a disparate population of readers. It was evident from our findings that inter RR was poor and additionally intra RR was equally poor, indicating the unreliability of uroflow shapes to be used for research purposes.