Showing papers on "Intraclass correlation published in 1989"
TL;DR: The goal for this study was to develop a measure of balance appropriate for elderly individuals and there was a high degree of internal consistency, a Cronbach's alpha of .96, which indicates the movements reflect a single underlying dimension.
Abstract: The goal for this study was to develop a measure of balance appropriate for elderly individuals. In total, 38 patients, ranging in age from 60 to 93 years, and 32 professionals, including nurses, physicians, and physical and occupational therapists were surveyed in three distinct phases to develop the content. Reliability of the measure was assessed by having physical therapists evaulate the videotaped performances of geriatric subjects at two different points in time. The intraclass correlation coefficients measuring the inter and intra rater reliability for the test as a whole were .98 and .99 respectively. The correlation coefficients for the individual items ranged from .71 to .99. In addition, there was a high degree of internal consistency, a Cronbach's alpha of .96, which indicates the movements reflect a single underlying dimension. The scale consists of 14 movements common in everyday life. It is easy to administer and score and has measurement properties that are better than expected for a new i...
2,418 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that two methods for measuring a quantitative variable can be judged interchangeable provided all of the following conditions are met: first the methods must not exhibit marked additive or nonadditive systematic bias; second the difference between the two mean readings is not "statistically significant"; third, the lower limit of the 95% confidence interval of the intraclass correlation is at least 0.75.
437 citations
TL;DR: Scores developed and evaluated for grading the prevalence and progression of the individual radiographic features of osteoarthritis of the hand, except for cysts were cross-sectionally reliable between readers.
Abstract: We developed and evaluated scales for grading the prevalence and progression of the individual radiographic features of osteoarthritis (OA) of the hand. Four equally time-spaced hand radiographs from 50 participants in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging, who were followed for at least 20 years, were read separately and "blindly" by 4 experienced, trained readers. Eleven hand joints were individually assessed for the presence of osteophytes, joint space narrowing, subchondral cysts, subchondral sclerosis, lateral deformity, and cortical collapse, and were also graded using the Kellgren/Lawrence scale, a global estimate of OA. The intraclass correlation coefficient was used to determine cross-sectional inter- and intrareader reliability. Interreader agreement on OA progression was evaluated using life-table analysis. Each of the grading scales for the individual radiographic features of OA of the hand, except for cysts, were cross-sectionally reliable between readers. Each reader was able to reproduce his original scores almost perfectly when grading the radiographs a second time. Using these scales, the different readers agreed on all the features of longitudinal progression of OA of the hand, except cysts. We believe that this method for grading hand radiographs for OA has proved to be reliable for both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies.
192 citations
TL;DR: The results of this study indicate that ankle and foot measurements common to a diabetic evaluation can be taken reliably between testers and it is believed extensive examiner training in these clinically relevant measures can improve reliability between testers.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to establish the interrater and intrarater reliability of various ankle and foot measures common to a diabetic evaluation. Bilateral biomechanical, sensory, and wound-size measurements were obtained in 31 subjects with diabetes mellitus. Twenty-five subjects were retested by the initial examiner to determine intratester reliability, and all subjects were retested by another examiner to determine intertester reliability. Both examiners participated in an extensive training period prior to the initiation of this study to minimize variability between and within measurers. Intraclass correlation coefficients for interrater and intrarater measurements ranged from .58 to .89 and from .74 to .99, respectively. The results of this study indicate that ankle and foot measurements common to a diabetic evaluation can be taken reliably between testers. We believe extensive examiner training in these clinically relevant measures can improve reliability between testers.
178 citations
TL;DR: The reliability and validity of the following outcome measures in a group of 18 patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome, including the visual analog pain scale, a functional index questionnaire (FIQ), selected temporal components of gait on level walking and ascending stairs, knee joint angle on downhill walking, and electromyographic activity of the quadriceps during stair climbing were determined.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of the following outcome measures in a group of 18 patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome: the visual analog pain scale (VAS), a functional index questionnaire (FIQ), selected temporal components of gait on level walking and ascending stairs, knee joint angle on downhill walking, and electromyographic activity of the quadriceps during stair climbing. Subjects were tested at initial assessment (time 0), after 24 hours (time 1), and after clinically significant improvement, following a course of treatment (time 2). Using the intraclass correlation coefficient (r1), the VAS (r1 = 0.603) and FIQ (r1 = 0.483) exhibited poor day-to-day reliability (time 0 versus time 1). However an ANOVA between time 0 and time 2 showed them to be valid measures for detection of clinical change (p < 0.01). No differences in the gait variables were observed from time 0 to time 1 or time 2, suggesting that gait analysis may not be sensitive enough to dete...
162 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the psychometric properties of the Neuropsychology Behavior and Affect Profile, which consists of five peer-rated scales (106 items) designed to measure personality change in brain-impaired individuals.
Abstract: This series of 4 studies describes the psychometric properties of the Neuropsychology Behavior and Affect Profile, which consists of 5 peer-rated scales (106 items) designed to measure personality change in brain-impaired individuals. Study 1 pertains to item derivation. Study 2 used relatives of 61 Ss identified as demented to determine the test's internal consistency. Results showed moderate levels of internal consistency across the 5 scales, with slightly higher coefficients (.6S-.82) obtained for present (vs. premorbid) emotional status. High test-retest reliability was demonstrated in Study 3 (intraclass correlation coefficients ranged from .92 to .99). Study 4 established discriminant validity; the instrument differentiated 61 demented Ss from 88 normal elderly controls on the basis of present behavioral affective style.
90 citations
TL;DR: Equality of News Z- and T- tests, Balanced ANOVA; Homogeneity of Variance Tests; and Contingency Table Analysis.
Abstract: CHAPTER 1 Introduction CHAPTER 2 General Concepts CHAPTER 3 The Pivotal Case Intraclass Correlation CHAPTER 4 Equality of News Z- and T- tests, Balanced ANOVA CHAPTER 5 Correlation Coefficients CHAPTER 6 Linear Regression CHAPTER 7 Homogeneity of Variance Tests CHAPTER 8 Binomial Tests CHAPTER 9 Contingency Table Analysis CHAPTER 10 Conclusions
74 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an approximate likelihood ratio test statistic is proposed for testing the equality of several intraclass correlation coefficients when independent samples are drawn from multivariate normal populations, and the asymptotic null and non-null distributions of the proposed statistic are derived for the nonnormal populations.
39 citations
TL;DR: The reliability of the tests that comprise Reitan's neuropsychological batteries for children, as well as other allied tests used in the assessment of children, were examined in this article.
Abstract: Reliabilities of the tests that comprise Reitan's neuropsychological batteries for children, as well as other allied tests of neuropsychological functioning used in the assessment of children, were examined. A heterogeneous sample of 248 youngsters who had been evaluated more than once over an average of 2.6 years was drawn from a population of 3600 children referred for neuropsychological assessment. Pearson and intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated on the data provided by these children. The results demonstrated a high degree of reliability for many of the 50 variables studied. A hierarchy of reliability coefficients is presented as is a discussion of the pattern of consistency and stability in evidence.
38 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the joint interview interrater reliability of the Structured Interview for DSM-III Personality Disorders (SIDP) in 104 relatives of normal controls and psychiatric patients.
Abstract: We examined the joint interview interrater reliability of the Structured Interview for DSM-III Personality Disorders (SIDP) in 104 relatives of normal controls and psychiatric patients. The absolute rate of agreement between the two raters for the presence of any personality disorder was 98.1% (? = .93, Yule's y = .94). The kappa and y values for all disorders diagnosed two or more times were above .65 and .78, respectively. We also examined the reliability of dimensional scores and found that the mean intraclass correlation coefficient was .91.
31 citations
TL;DR: One-sided, two-sided unbiased and likelihood ratio tests for testing the equality of intraclass correlations for two multivariate normal populations are studied in detail in respect of the computational methods for constructing tables of critical values as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: One-sided, two-sided unbiased and likelihood ratio tests for testing the equality of intraclass correlations for two multivariate normal populations are studied in detail in respect of the computational methods for constructing tables of critical values. By simulations it is shown that the likelihood ratio test for testing the equality of two intraclass correlations for unequal p1 and p2 variates normal populations depends on the nuisance parameter ρ, the common intraclass correlation under H0 when the sample sizes are small. The one degree of freedom chisquare approximation to the likelihood ratio test statistic is sufficiently accurate for all values of ρ when sample sizes are over 20, and could be used in practice even in small samples although it overestimates significance.
TL;DR: In this paper, different procedures for testing problems concerning intraclass correlation from familial data are considered in the case of varying number of siblings per family under the assumption of multivariate normality.
Abstract: Different procedures for testing problems concerning intraclass correlation from familial data are considered in the case of varying number of siblings per family. Under the assumption of multivariate normality, the hypotheses that the intraclass correlation is equal to a specified value are tested. To assess the performance of the tests, Monte Carlo simulations are designed to compare their powers. The Neyman's (1959) C(α) test and the test based on the modified ANOVA F statistic are shown to be consistently more powerful than other procedures.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Standardization of the blood pressure auscultatory method using a sound picture and measuring intraobserver and interobserver agreement through intraclass correlation coefficient improves internal and external validity of blood pressure studies.
Abstract: In carrying out blood pressure epidemiologic studies there may be different factors that can affect internal and external validity and thus eliminate the inferential process. As part of the Hypertension and Risk Factors Associated Study conducted in March 1987 in Cuajimalpa de Morelos, Mexico City, 23 nursing students were standardized on the blood pressure auscultatory method using a sound picture and measuring intraobserver and interobserver agreement through intraclass correlation coefficient. Even though initial standardization sessions showed difficulties in the use of instruments and in the reading of blood pressure levels, final K (kappa) values measuring interobserver agreement increased from 0.25 to 0.86. Omega values measuring intraobserver agreement fluctuated between 0.86 and 0.98. This epidemiologic technique is proposed in order to improve internal and external validity of blood pressure studies.