Topic
Intumescent
About: Intumescent is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3562 publications have been published within this topic receiving 65758 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a review of recent approaches for making intumescent systems is described and commented on, and synergistic aspects using zeolites and organoclays are also considered and discussed new strategies are examined on the basis of the intumescence.
Abstract: Summary: This paper reviews recent approaches for making intumescent systems The mechanisms of action involving intumescence are described and commented on Synergistic aspects using zeolites and organoclays are also considered and discussed New strategies are examined on the basis of the mechanism of intumescence The approach of using char forming polymers as additives (blend technology) is also fully discussed This consists of substituting classical polyols (char forming agents) with char forming polymers (polyamides and thermoplastic polyurethane) It will be shown that the advantages of this concept are to obtain flame-retarded (FR) polymer blends with improved mechanical properties in comparison with polymers loaded with classical formulations, and the avoidance of problems due to the water solubility of the polyols and their migration The “nanocomposite approach” enhances the performance of intumescent systems by using a nanostructured char forming polymer It will be shown that this combination of intumescence via the blending approach and nanocomposites enhances both flame retardancy and mechanical properties, and allows many specifications to be produced (for example, the design of EVA-based materials for flame retarded low voltage cables and wire) This appears to be one of the most promising ways for designing new efficient intumescent materials
Intumescent residue after LOI test of an intumescent poly(propylene)
635 citations
TL;DR: The integration of self-healing superhydrophobicity with flame retardancy provides a practical way to resolve the problem of washing durability of the flame-retardant coatings.
Abstract: Flame-retardant and self-healing superhydrophobic coatings are fabricated on cotton fabric by a convenient solution-dipping method, which involves the sequential deposition of a trilayer of branched poly(ethylenimine) (bPEI), ammonium polyphosphate (APP), and fluorinated-decyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (F-POSS). When directly exposed to flame, such a trilayer coating generates a porous char layer because of its intumescent effect, successfully giving the coated fabric a self-extinguishing property. Furthermore, the F-POSS embedded in cotton fabric and APP/bPEI coating produces a superhydrophobic surface with a self-healing function. The coating can repetitively and autonomically restore the superhydrophobicity when the superhydrophobicity is damaged. The resulting cotton fabric, which is flame-resistant, waterproof, and self-cleaning, can be easily cleaned by simple water rinsing. Thus, the integration of self-healing superhydrophobicity with flame retardancy provides a practical way to resolve...
449 citations
TL;DR: The main concepts of intumescence are reviewed in this article, highlighting the novelties as well as the most significant results achieved in the flame retardancy of polymeric materials in the last 10-15 years.
379 citations
TL;DR: The use of fire retardants of intumescent systems which on heating give a swollen char is reviewed in this article, with reference to specific problems derived from dilution in the polymeric matrix.
379 citations
TL;DR: An intumescent flame-retardant coating was prepared by unsaturated polyester resin and epoxy resin as two-component matrix resins, ammonium polyphosphate (APP) as acid source, melamine (Mel) as the blowing agent and pentaerythritol (PER) as carbon agent, expandable graphite as synergistic agent, adding titanium dioxide (TiO2), solvent and other assistants as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: An intumescent flame-retardant coating was prepared by unsaturated polyester resin and epoxy resin as two-component matrix resins, ammonium polyphosphate (APP) as acid source, melamine (Mel) as the blowing agent and pentaerythritol (PER) as carbon agent, expandable graphite as synergistic agent, adding titanium dioxide (TiO2), solvent and other assistants. Results showed that such a coating had excellent physical–chemical properties. When the thickness of the coating on the wood matrix reached 2.0 mm, the limit of fire-endurance could get to 210 min. And the various component thermal characteristics, decompose processes and interactions of the flame-retardant coating system were investigated by DSC and TGA. The contribution of phosphorus to the formation of the final charring layer and their morphological structures was studied by SEM, XRD and FTIR. On the basis, the flame-retardant mechanism of the intumescent flame-retardant coating was systematically investigated.
329 citations