Iodine

About: Iodine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8936 publications have been published within this topic receiving 139981 citations. The topic is also known as: I & element 53.

Effects of Chronic Iodine Excess in a Cohort of Long-Term American Workers in West Africa

Abstract: A cross-sectional survey of 102 Peace Corps volunteers in Niger, West Africa, in 1998 had previously demonstrated a high rate of thyroid dysfunction and goiter attributable to excess iodine from their water filters. The Peace Corps volunteers were followed-up a mean of 30 wk after they ceased using iodine-based water filtration systems. Goiter was present in 44% of subjects during excess iodine ingestion and in 30% after removal of excess iodine. Mean serum iodine decreased from 293 μg/liter during excess iodine ingestion to 84 μg/liter after cessation of excess iodine. Mean total serum T4 values increased from 100.4 to 113.3 nmol/liter (7.8 to 8.8 μg/dl). Mean serum free T4 increased from 32.2 to 34.7 pmol/liter (2.5 to 2.7 ng/dl). Mean serum TSH decreased from 4.9 to 1.8 mU/liter. Mean serum thyroid peroxidase antibody levels decreased from 33,000 to 22,000 IU/liter (33 to 22 IU/ml). We found that during prolonged excess iodine exposure there were marked increases in serum total iodine concentrations, a...

The chemistry of polyvinylpyrrolidone‐iodine

Abstract: Polyvinylpyrrolidone is a water-soluble, physiologically acceptable polymer which has the ability to tie up iodine. The PVP-iodine resulting from this combination retains the germicidal and chemical nature of the iodine yet it is more water-soluble than iodine alone; it provides a more stable form of iodine in solution than iodine alone or some of the more common iodine preparations such as iodine tincture and Lugol's solution. The iodine present in PVP-iodine is not as irritating to tissue and mucosa as other iodine preparations of the same strength, and the toxicity of the iodine is reduced.

Determination of ultralow level 129I/127I in natural samples by separation of microgram carrier free iodine and accelerator mass spectrometry detection.

Abstract: Separation of carrier free iodine from low iodine level samples and accurate measurement of ultralow level (129)I in micrograms of iodine target are essential but a bottleneck in geological dating of terrestrial system and tracer research using naturally produced (129)I. In this work, we present a carrier free method using coprecipitation of AgI with AgCl for preparing micrograms of iodine target, associated with combustion using a tube furnace for separating iodine from solid samples and anion exchange chromatography for preconcentrating iodine from a large volume of water. An accelerator mass spectrometry was used to measure ultralow level (129)I in micrograms of iodine target. The recovery of iodine in the entire separation procedure is higher than 80% and 65% for solid and water samples, respectively. One microgram iodine in the target (AgI-AgCl) can produce a stable (127)I signal for AMS measurement of (129)I/(127)I, and a detection limit of this method for (129)I is calculated to be 10(5) atoms. This will allow us to accurately determine (129)I in prenuclear geological samples of low iodine concentration with (129)I/(127)I of 10(-12), such as loess, soil, coral, rock, sediment, and groundwater. Some samples with low iodine content have been successfully analyzed, and the lowest value of the (129)I/(127)I ratio of 2 × 10(-11) was observed in 23.5 and 63.5 m loess samples collected in the Loess Plateau, China. The developed method sheds light on a wide application in earth science.

Activated carbon adsorbent and applications thereof

Abstract: An alkali metal iodide and phosphoric acid are homogeneously supported on activated carbon, for example an activated carbon honeycomb, in respective amounts of 0.015 to 1.5 mg atoms as iodine and 1.4 to 7.0 mg equivalents per gram of activated carbon. The alkali metal iodide is, for example, potassium iodide. When both the chemicals are supported on activated carbon in amounts respectively within the above ranges, homogeneous supporting of phosphoric acid with the alkali metal iodide becomes possible without causing any decrease in adsorption and elimination capacities. A number of malodorous and harmful components such as nitrogen-containing compounds and sulfur-containing compounds can be efficiently removed with one kind of activated carbon over a long period of time. The activated carbon adsorbent thus obtained can be used for various deodorization purposes and in exhaust gas treatment, and is particularly suited for use in toilet deodorization and in gas treatment in closed spaces, for example in refrigerators.