Topic
Iodine
About: Iodine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8936 publications have been published within this topic receiving 139981 citations. The topic is also known as: I & element 53.
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TL;DR: In this article, the vapour pressure of saturated aqueous solutions of NH 4 I, KI, KNO 3, SrCl 2, Li 2 SO 4, Na 2 S 2 O 3, Mg(NO 3 ) 2, and UO 2 (NO 3 ), were determined in the temperature range (278 to 323) K using an electronic hygrometer with an electrolyte sensor.
51 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the transfer of iodine from soil to vegetables using both inorganic iodine (KI) and organic, seaweed iodine (OI) and found that the iodine levels in vegetables increase with the increasing addition of iodine.
Abstract: Iodine deficiency disorders are one of the commonest preventable human health problems. Producing iodine-enriched crops could be an effective way to reduce their epidemicity in many regions. However, the actual knowledge on this issue is limited mostly to studies involving grain crops and inorganic iodine fertilizers such as I− and IO
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. Moreover, the translocation, transformation and distribution of iodine from soil to plants are not well understood. Here, we studied iodine transfer from soil to vegetables using both inorganic iodine (KI) and organic, seaweed iodine. Greenhouse culture experiments were undertaken to assess the absorption and accumulation of iodine by four vegetables: Chinese cabbage, lettuce, tomato and carrot. We also investigated the dynamic variation of exogenous iodine in soil by applying KI and a composite of seaweed and diatomite. Our results show first that iodine levels in vegetables increase with the increasing addition of iodine. Second, the iodine content in the edible portion ranks as follows: Chinese cabbage (high I) > lettuce > carrot > tomato (low I). The iodine accumulation in the edible portion of the cabbage is thus 2.25 and 4.45 times higher than that of lettuce and carrot, respectively, and 19.67 times higher than that of tomato. In vegetable tissues the iodine distribution is ranked as: root (high I) > leaf > stem > fruit (low I), except for carrot, where the average iodine level in the rhizome is 50% of the shoot. Third, vegetable growth is inhibited when the added iodine concentration is higher than 50 mg kg−1. The order of tolerance against iodine toxicity is ranked as: carrot (high tolerance) > Chinese cabbage > lettuce > tomato (low tolerance). Fourth, the seaweed composite iodine fertilizer demonstrates more potential of durability than KI. Indeed, when KI is added to the soil at 150 mg kg−, the biomass of cabbage, lettuce, tomato and carrot decreases by 34.8%, 41.3%, 46.8% and 17.9%, respectively. By comparison, the biomass decreases are lower, 16.6%, 22.9%, 23.4% and 9.7%, respectively, when applying the seaweed composite. Fifth, after harvest, the residual iodine in soil fertilized with KI is only 56% of the initial addition, which is less than that for seaweed composite. This study is of theoretical importance to understand iodine biogeochemistry and its transfer behavior, and also has practical implications for seeking effective alternatives of iodine biofortification to prevent iodine deficiency disorders.
51 citations
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TL;DR: The metal-free catalytic aziridination of styrene derivatives with N-tosyliminophenyliodinane in the presence of a combination of I2 and tetrabutylammonium iodide is reported.
51 citations
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TL;DR: Sucrose gradient density centrifugation was used to study the sedimentation pattern of soluble protein of previously perfused thyroid glands from iodine deficient rats, and the effect thereon of acute administration of stable iodide.
Abstract: Sucrose gradient density centrifugation was used to study the sedimentation pattern of soluble protein of previously perfused thyroid glands from iodine deficient rats, and the effect thereon of acute administration of stable iodide. The pattern observed for iodine deficient rats differed from that seen with normal (iodine sufficient rats) in the following respects: 1) no peak for stable protein was present in the thyroglobulin region (15–19S); 2) after acute or equilibrium labeling with radioiodine, or after acute labeling with 14C-amino acid, the peak for labeled thyroglobulin was significantly lower than 19S, indicating a failure of maturation of thyroglobulin; 3) no clear peak was evident at 27S, labeled or stable; and 4) the labeled thyroglobulin peak was broad and asymmetrical, probably reflecting a higher than normal proportion of poorly iodinated molecules and a greater than normal degree of heterogeneity. Acute administration of stable iodide (3–5 μg), either together with radioiodine or 14C-amin...
51 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the technique of iodide estimation in brine by ion chromatography with amperometric detection was applied to iodate estimation in salt and the method involved reduction of iodate to iodide with excess sodium bisulphite followed by estimation of the iodide.
51 citations