Iodine

About: Iodine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8936 publications have been published within this topic receiving 139981 citations. The topic is also known as: I & element 53.

Thyroid Function in Chronic Excess Iodide Ingestion: Comparison of Thyroidal Absolute Iodine Uptake and Degradation of Thyroxine in Euthyroid Japanese Subjects

Abstract: Thyroidal absolute iodine uptake (AIU) and the degradation of thyroxine were compared in euthyroid Japanese subjects (9 males and 6 females) whose diet customarily included moderate to large quantities of foods rich in iodine. AIU was measured a) from thyroidal clearance of 131I and serum inorganic 127I, and b) from thyroidaly 131I uptake and specific activity of urinary iodine. Values for both methods agreed well and increased as serum inorganic 127I or urinary 127I increased, while the degradation of thyroxine measured in the same subjects did not differ greatly with differing serum inorganic 127I or urinary 127I. Invariably, values for AIU were higher than those for the degradation of thyroxine. Protein-bound 131I in normal thyroid tissue collected at surgery (5 subjects) was more than 85% of total thyroidal 131I when 131I was injected 2 hr before thyroidectomy. These results suggest that thyroid glands of Japanese subjects on a diet rich in iodine organify more 127I than they secrete as thyro...

Which Iodine concentration in chest CT? – A prospective study in 300 patients

Abstract: In computed tomography(CT) several contrast media with different iodine concentrations are available The aim of this study is to prospectively compare contrast media with iodine concentrations of 300, 370 and 400 mg iodine/ml for chest- CT 300 consecutive patients were prospectively enrolled, under a waiver of the local ethics committee The first (second, third) 100 patients, received contrast medium with 300(370, 400)mg iodine/ml Injection protocols were adapted for an identical iodine delivery rate(13 mg/s) and total iodine load(33 g) for all three groups Standardized MDCT of the chest (16 × 075 mm, 120 kVp, 100 mAseff) was performed Intravascular attenuation values were measured in the pulmonary trunk and the ascending aorta; subjective image quality was rated on a 3-point-scale Discomfort during and after injection was evaluated There were no statistically significant differences in contrast enhancement comparing the three contrast media at the pulmonary trunk(p = 03198) and at the ascending aorta(p = 00840) Image quality(p = 00176) and discomfort during injection(p = 07034) were comparable for all groups General discomfort after injection of contrast media with 300 mg iodine/ml was statistically significant higher compared to 370 mg iodine/ml(p = 000019) Given identical iodine delivery rates of 13 g/s and iodine loads of 33 g, contrast media with concentrations of 300, 370 and 400 mg iodine/ml do not result in different intravascular enhancement in chest-CT

Serum Thyroglobulin and Urinary Iodine Concentration Are the Most Appropriate Indicators of Iodine Status and Thyroid Function under Conditions of Increasing Iodine Supply in Schoolchildren in Benin

Abstract: Iodine deficiency control programs have greatly reduced iodine deficiency disorders worldwide. For monitoring changes in iodine status, different indicators may be used. The aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of indicators of iodine status and thyroid function, thyroglobulin (Tg), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) in serum, thyroid volume and urinary iodine concentration, in iodine-deficient schoolchil- dren under conditions of increasing iodine supply. The study was established as a double-blind, placebo- controlled oral administration of a single dose of iodized oil to schoolchildren (7-10 y old), living in an iodine- deficient area of Benin, with an observation period of 10 mo. However, 3- 4 mo after supplementation, iodized salt became available in the area. The study population therefore comprised an iodized oil-supplemented group and a nonsupplemented group, both of which had variable, uncontrolled intakes of iodized salt during the last 6 mo of the study. Initial mean serum concentrations of TSH and FT4 were within the normal range, whereas serum Tg concentration, urinary iodine concentration and thyroid volume were indicative of moderate-to-severe iodine deficiency. At the end of the study, all indicators had improved significantly, except thyroid volume, which had decreased only in the supplemented group. The supplemented group also still had significantly lower serum Tg and higher urinary iodine concentrations than the nonsupplemented group. Serum Tg and urinary iodine concentrations are the indicators most influenced by a changing iodine supply. Current normal reference ranges of serum concentrations of TSH and FT4 are too wide for detecting iodine deficiency in this age group. J. Nutr. 131: 2701-2706, 2001.

Effect of small doses of iodine on thyroid function in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis residing in an area of mild iodine deficiency

Abstract: Objective: Several studies have suggested that iodine may influence thyroid hormone status, and perhaps antibody production, in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease. To date, studies have been carried out using large amounts of iodine. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of small doses of iodine on thyroid function and thyroid antibody levels in euthyroid patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis who were living in an area of mild dietary iodine deficiency. Methods: Forty patients who tested positive for anti-thyroid (TPO) antibodies or with a moderate to severe hypoechogenic pattern on ultrasound received 250 mg potassium iodide daily for 4 months (range 2‐13 months). An additional 43 patients positive for TPO antibodies or with hypoechogenicity on ultrasound served as a control group. All patients were TBII negative. Results: Seven patients in the iodine-treated group developed subclinical hypothyroidism and one patient became hypothyroid. Three of the seven who were subclinically hypothyroid became euthyroid again when iodine treatment was stopped. One patient developed hyperthyroidism with a concomitant increase in TBII titre to 17 U/l, but after iodine withdrawal this patient became euthyroid again. Only one patient in the control group developed subclinical hypothyroidism during the same time period. All nine patients who developed thyroid dysfunction had reduced echogenicity on ultrasound. Four of the eight patients who developed subclinical hypothyroidism had TSH concentrations greater than 3 mU/l. In 32 patients in the iodine-treated group and 42 in the control group, no significant changes in thyroid function, antibody titres or thyroid volume were observed. Conclusions: Small amounts of supplementary iodine (250 mg) cause slight but significant changes in thyroid hormone function in predisposed individuals.