Iodine

About: Iodine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8936 publications have been published within this topic receiving 139981 citations. The topic is also known as: I & element 53.

Mixed-form polyhalide resins for disinfecting water

Abstract: A strongly basic anion-exchange resin loaded with iodine and a less than stoichiometic amount of an iodide salt or bromine and a less than stoichiometric amount of bromide salt is an effective demand bactericide for disinfecting water. The bactericidal resin according to the invention elutes only small amounts of halide ions and is especially suited for killing bacteria in feed water supplies having relatively high salt content.

Determination of the activation energy for the dissociation of the carbon–iodine bond in methyl iodide adsorbed on Ni(100) surfaces

Abstract: The chemistry of methyl iodide on Ni(100) surfaces has been studied by using x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Methyl iodide adsorption is molecular below 100 K, but the C–I bond begins to cleave around 120 K and is completely broken by 160 K. The activation energy for the C–I bond scission was estimated to be about 3.5 kcal/mol based on results from isothermal XPS experiments.

The effect of iodide on serum thyroid hormone levels in normal persons, in hyperthyroid patients, and in hypothyroid patients on thyroxine replacement.

Abstract: OBJECTIVE To clarify the duration and the extent of the antithyroid effect of lodides In hyperthyroldlsm, and to Investigate whether Iodides have an additional perlpheral effect on the metabollsm of thyrold hormones, as has been reported for some organic IodIne compounds. DESIGN The effect on the perIpheral thyroId hormone levels of 150 mg of potassIum Iodide dally (equIvalent to 114 mg of IodIde) foro 3–7 weeks was compared In 21 hyperthyroId patients and 12 healthy controls. A possible effect of IodIde on the perIpheral metabollsm of thyroId hormones was Investigated by assessing the serum levels of thyroid hormone In 12 hypothyroid patients on thyroxine replacement for 2 weeks. PATIENTS There were 21 thyrotoxic patients, 12 healthy hospital controls, and 12 patients with complete or near-complete hypothyroldlsm, on thyroxine replacement. MEASUREMENTS The following were measured before and at weekly intervals after Iodide administration: (1) pulse rate, (2) serum T4, (3) serum T3, (4) serum TSH, (5) serum thyroxlne-binding capacity (TBC), (6) serum rT3, (7) serum thyroxine-binding globulln (TBG), (8) the free-T4 Index, calculated as T4/TBC. RESULTS In the hyperthyroid patients serum T4, T3 and rT3 decreased, whereas serum thyroxlne-binding globulin and thyroxine binding capacity Increased. Serum T3, however, did not become completely normal In all cases. After 21 days, serum T4 and T3 started Increasing again in some cases, but other patients remained outhyrold even after 6 weeks. In the normal controls there was a small but significant and consistent decrease In serum T4, T3 and rT3 and an Increase In serum TSH. Finally, In the T4-treated hypothyroid patients there was no consistent change, except for an Increase of serum T4 at 1 and 14 days and a decrease of serum TSH the first day. CONCLUSION Iodides in hyperthyroldlsm have a variable and unpredictable Intensity and duration of antlthyrold effect. Their antithyroid effect Is smaller In normal controls. They have no Important effect on the peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones.

Effect of oral iodized oil on thyroid size and thyroid hormone metabolism in children with concurrent selenium and iodine deficiency

Abstract: Objectives: To determine the efficacy of oral iodized oil in goitrous children who are both selenium (Se) and iodine deficient; to investigate if Se status modifies the response of iodine deficient, goitrous children to oral supplementation with iodized oil. Design: A longitudinal intervention trial. Setting: Two rural villages in the western Cote d'Ivoire. Subjects: 51 goitrous non-anemic schoolchildren with both iodine and Se deficiency. Intervention: Each child received an oral dose of 0.4 ml iodized poppyseed oil containing 200 mg of iodine. They were followed for 1 y with measurements of urinary iodine (UI), thyrotropin (TSH), thyroxine (T4), and thyroid volume by ultrasound. Results: At baseline all children were goitrous and Se deficient; median UI was 29 μg/l and mean serum Se (s.d.) was 14.8 (10.7) μg/l. After receiving iodized oil, thyroid volume decreased significantly vs baseline at 10, 15, 30 and 50 weeks (P<0.001). At 50 weeks mean percentage change in thyroid volume from baseline was−46.6% and only five children remained goitrous. Median TSH values at 5, 10, 15, 30 and 50 weeks were reduced significantly (P<0.001) compared to baseline. Among individual children the severity of Se deficiency predicted the degree of response to iodized oil. Baseline serum Se and percentage change in thyroid volume from baseline at 50 weeks were strongly correlated (r2=0.554). Baseline Se and percentage decrease in TSH from baseline at 30 weeks were also well-correlated (r2=0.467). Conclusion: Although more severe Se deficiency partially blunts the thyroid response to iodine supplementation, oral iodized oil is an effective method for iodine repletion in goitrous children who are Se deficient. Sponsorship: The Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, the Foundation for Micronutrients in Medicine, Rapperswil, Switzerland, and the Thrasher Research Fund, Salt Lake City, USA. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2000)54, 209–213