scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Topic

Iodine

About: Iodine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8936 publications have been published within this topic receiving 139981 citations. The topic is also known as: I & element 53.


Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the morphological transformation process resulting from the reaction between Au nanorods (NRs) and iodine in situ produced from the redox between potassium iodide and copper chloride was monitored by virtue of the transmission electron microscope (TEM) images and the plasmon resonance absorption (PRA) spectra.
Abstract: The morphological transformation process resulting from the reaction between Au nanorods (NRs) and iodine in situ produced from the redox between potassium iodide and copper chloride was monitored by virtue of the transmission electron microscope (TEM) images and the plasmon resonance absorption (PRA) spectra. It was found that the presence of copper chloride or potassium iodide could make the longitudinal PRA band of Au-NRs shift without any change of morphological transformation owing to the change of the refractive index of the medium. Different from that, iodine, which was in situ produced from the redox of potassium iodide and copper chloride, could fuse Au-NRs in the side-by-side mode, resulting in morphological transformation of Au-NRs to sphericity with the characteristics of the decrease of aspect ratio, blue-shift of the longitudinal PAR band, red-shift of transverse PRA band, and broadening of both longitudinal and transverse PRA bands of Au-NRs. The blue-shifted wavelength of the longitudinal ...

45 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The mobilization processes of iodine are proposed to include reductive dissolution of iron oxyhydroxides and transformations among iodide, iodate and organic iodine driven by microbial activities under alkaline and reducing conditions.
Abstract: High iodine concentrations in groundwater have seldom been reported and there have been few systematic studies on high iodine groundwater worldwide. To better understand the sources and processes responsible for iodine enrichment in the groundwater of the Datong Basin, the hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater and geochemical features of aquifer sediments were studied. High iodine groundwater mainly occurs in the center of the Datong Basin with iodine concentrations ranging between 3.31 and 1890 μg L−1. Most samples with iodine concentrations higher than 500 μg L−1 are from wells with depths between 75 and 120 m. High pH and a reducing environment are favorable for iodine enrichment in the groundwater, with iodide as the dominant species that accounts for 63.2–99.3% of the total iodine. Sediment samples from a borehole specifically drilled for this study contain 0.18–1.46 mg kg−1 iodine that is moderately correlated with total organic carbon (TOC). The results of sequential extraction experiments show that iodine is mostly bound to iron oxyhydroxides and organic matter in the sediments. The mobilization processes of iodine are proposed to include reductive dissolution of iron oxyhydroxides and transformations among iodide, iodate and organic iodine driven by microbial activities under alkaline and reducing conditions.

45 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: No evidence of any pre-existing and/or pre-disposing pathological condition in the thyroid glands were found, and the mechanism for the iodine-induced thyrotoxicosis in such cases remains obscure.
Abstract: Two male patients aged 36 and 52 years with thyrotoxicosis revealed a serum T3 of 28 and 65 nmol/l and a serum T4 of 166 and 238 nmol/l, respectively Both had been exposed to iodine (2-10 mg daily) for 2-12 months before thyrotoxicosis was diagnosed Urinary iodine excretion was high, 5000 and 10,000 nmol/24 h (624-1250 microgram) The uptake of 131I in the thyroid glands were low, none had goitre Their iodine intake was interrupted, urinary iodine excretion gradually decreased, and T3 and T4 in serum concomitantly normalized They were clinically and biochemically euthyroid 9 and 11 weeks after withdrawal After 14 and 22 weeks they had normal thyroid uptake of 131I, and thyroid scans showed glands of normal size and configuration TRH-stimulation and a T3-suppression tests became normal ESR was not elevated in any of the cases, thyroid antibodies against thyroglobulin and follicular cell microsomes were absent and TSAb was undetectable durng the thyrotoxic stage Thus no evidence of any pre-existing and/or pre-disposing pathological condition in the thyroid glands were found The mechanism for the iodine-induced thyrotoxicosis in such cases remains obscure

45 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Its concentration in plasma was studied in rats shown to be completely deprived of thyroid tissue and in rats and guinea pigs in which hyperthyroidism had been induced.
Abstract: THE FRACTION of plasma iodine designated “protein-bound” is the iodine that is precipitated from plasma along with its proteins by such agents as tungstic acid, zinc hydroxide, or acetic acid in the presence of heat and in addition cannot be freed from these proteins by simple washing. Although the chemical identity of this fraction is as yet poorly understood, its concentration in plasma has gained wide use as an indicator of thyroid activity in man. (Salter et al., 1941; Man et al., 1942; Lowenstein et al., 1944; Talbot et al., 1944; Chaney, unpublished observations). In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to determine the metabolic significance of plasma protein-bound iodine. Its concentration in plasma was studied in rats shown to be completely deprived of thyroid tissue and in rats and guinea pigs in which hyperthyroidism had been induced. The use of radioactive iodine (I131) as a labeling agent also made possible a study of the rate of formation of protein-bound iodine in both states...

45 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Thyroid hormone, requiring adequate maternal iodine intake, is critical for neurodevelopment in utero and it remains unclear whether environmental perchlorate exposure adversely affects thyroid function in first‐trimester pregnant women.
Abstract: Objective Thyroid hormone, requiring adequate maternal iodine intake, is critical for neurodevelopment in utero. Perchlorate and, less so, thiocyanate decrease uptake of iodine into the thyroid gland by competitively inhibiting the sodium/iodide symporter (NIS). It remains unclear whether environmental perchlorate exposure adversely affects thyroid function in first-trimester pregnant women. Design Cross-sectional. Patients 134 pregnant women from Athens, Greece, at mean ± SD 10·9 ± 2·3 weeks' gestation. Measurements Urinary iodide, perchlorate, and thiocyanate and thyroid function tests were measured. Results The median urinary iodide was 120 μg/l. Urinary perchlorate levels were detectable in all women: median (range) 4·1 (0·2–118·5) μg/l. Serum thyroperoxidase antibodies (TPO Ab) were detectable in 16% of women. Using Spearman's rank correlation analyses, there was no correlation between urinary perchlorate concentrations and serum TSH, although inverse correlations were seen between urine perchlorate and free T3 and free T4 values. In univariate analyses, urine thiocyanate was positively correlated with serum TSH, but was not associated with serum free T3 or free T4. Urine perchlorate was positively correlated with gestational age. In multivariate analyses adjusting for urinary iodide concentrations, urine thiocyanate, gestational age, maternal age and TPO Ab titres, urine perchlorate was not a significant predictor of thyroid function. Conclusions Low-level perchlorate and thiocyanate exposure is ubiquitous, but, in adjusted analyses, is not associated with alterations in thyroid function tests among mildly iodine-deficient Greek women in the first trimester of pregnancy.

45 citations


Network Information
Related Topics (5)
Amino acid
124.9K papers, 4M citations
81% related
Reagent
60K papers, 1.2M citations
77% related
Cobalt
69.8K papers, 1.2M citations
77% related
Nucleic acid
53.2K papers, 1.2M citations
76% related
Thyroid
68.8K papers, 1.5M citations
76% related
Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023748
20221,361
2021155
2020154
2019158
2018186