Iodine

About: Iodine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8936 publications have been published within this topic receiving 139981 citations. The topic is also known as: I & element 53.

Endemic goiter in Greece: metabolic studies.

Abstract: Iodine metabolism studies were performed in goitrous and nongoitrous inhabitants of the endemic areas of Central Greece. All the groups investigated showed an iodine-deficiency pattern, characterized by low plasma inorganic iodine (PII) and urinary iodine excretion values, high radioiodine uptake and clearance rates, but normal values for the absolute iodine uptake and PBI. There was a tendency for the goitrous to have a higher radioiodine uptake, and in one village a lower PII level. The PBI values, although generally normal, had a mean value slightly below that of the controls from a nonendemic area, and the difference was significant for the male group. The intrathyroidal exchangeable iodine pool was reduced in the goitrous persons. The excretion of urinary iodine was more severely reduced in the females. There was no difference in the renal iodide clearance between goitrous and nongoitrous persons. The butanol-insoluble iodine was higher in the goitrous than in the controls from a nonendemic area, wit...

Low-level seaweed supplementation improves iodine status in iodine-insufficient women.

Abstract: Iodine insufficiency is now a prominent issue in the UK and other European countries due to low intakes of dairy products and seafood (especially where iodine fortification is not in place). In the present study, we tested a commercially available encapsulated edible seaweed (Napiers Hebridean Seagreens® Ascophyllum nodosum species) for its acceptability to consumers and iodine bioavailability and investigated the impact of a 2-week daily seaweed supplementation on iodine concentrations and thyroid function. Healthy non-pregnant women of childbearing age, self-reporting low dairy product and seafood consumption, with no history of thyroid or gastrointestinal disease were recruited. Seaweed iodine (712 μg, in 1 g seaweed) was modestly bioavailable at 33 (interquartile range (IQR) 28-46) % of the ingested iodine dose compared with 59 (IQR 46-74) % of iodine from the KI supplement (n 22). After supplement ingestion (2 weeks, 0·5 g seaweed daily, n 42), urinary iodine excretion increased from 78 (IQR 39-114) to 140 (IQR 103-195) μg/l (P< 0·001). The concentrations of thyroid-stimulating hormone increased from 1·5 (IQR 1·2-2·2) to 2·1 (IQR 1·3-2·9) mIU/l (P< 0·001), with two participants having concentrations exceeding the normal range after supplement ingestion (but normal free thyroxine concentrations). There was no change in the concentrations of other thyroid hormones after supplement ingestion. The seaweed was palatable and acceptable to consumers as a whole food or as a food ingredient and effective as a source of iodine in an iodine-insufficient population. In conclusion, seaweed inclusion in staple foods would serve as an alternative to fortification of salt or other foods with KI.

Effect of Pressure on the Lattice Parameters of Iodine, Stannic Iodide, and p‐Di‐iodobenzene

Abstract: The effect of pressure to over 200 kbars has been measured on the lattice parameters of iodine, stannic iodide, and of p‐di‐iodobenzene. All three have a large component of van der Waals binding and each exhibits a compressibility which decreases with increasing pressure. On the basis of the estimated change in distances in the crystal, the approach to the metallic state in and perpendicular to the ac plane in iodine is explained. The approach to the metallic state and possible bond deformation in SnI4 is discussed. Possible molecular realignments in p‐di‐iodobenzene are proposed. The results on molecular crystals are contrasted with the behavior of TlI previously published.