Iodine

About: Iodine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8936 publications have been published within this topic receiving 139981 citations. The topic is also known as: I & element 53.

Effect of iodized salt on thyroid volume of children living in an area previously characterized by moderate iodine deficiency.

Abstract: It is well established that an adequate iodine intake prevents iodine deficiency disorders. Prophylaxis through iodized salt is able to correct urinary iodine deficiency and to prevent goiter endemia, but scanty data are available about its effect on decreasing the thyroid size in goitrous children born before prophylaxis. The prevalence of goiter was evaluated by ultrasound in the school-children population of an area of Eastern Tuscany (Tiberina Valley) characterized by moderate iodine deficiency in 1985. At present, after the implementation of voluntary iodized salt consumption, iodine urinary excretion was borderline sufficient (median, 98 micrograms/L). Goiter prevalence was higher at ultrasound (17%) than by palpation (10%). The median thyroid volume ranged from 3.1 mL in 7-yr-old children to 9.2 mL in 14-yr-old children. In the 7-10 yr age class (i.e. in children born after iodine prophylaxis), no statistical difference in thyroid volume was found with respect to controls. In older children (11-14 yr) born before the institution of iodine prophylaxis, the median thyroid volume was significantly higher than that in age-matched controls. Moreover, in this cluster of subjects, the median thyroid volume in nongoitrous children was higher than that in controls. In conclusion, the data of the present study indicate that the iodized salt prophylaxis is able to prevent the development of goiter in children born after the implementation of iodized salt consumption and to further control thyroid enlargement in older children, but is less effective (or rapid) in reducing goiter size in children exposed to iodine deficiency in the first years of life.

Toxicological profile for iodine

Abstract: DISCLAIMER The use of company or product name(s) is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. A Toxicological Profile for Iodine, Draft for Public Comment was released in September 2001. This edition supersedes any previously released draft or final profile. Toxicological profiles are revised and republished as necessary. For information regarding the update status of previously released profiles, contact ATSDR at: vi Background Information The toxicological profiles are developed by ATSDR pursuant to Section 104(i) (3) and (5) of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA or Superfund) for hazardous substances found at Department of Energy (DOE) waste sites. CERCLA directs ATSDR to prepare toxicological profiles for hazardous substances most commonly found at facilities on the CERCLA National Priorities List (NPL) and that pose the most significant potential threat to human health, as determined by ATSDR and the EPA. ATSDR and DOE entered into a Memorandum of Understanding on November 4, 1992 which provided that ATSDR would prepare toxicological profiles for hazardous substances based upon ATSDR=s or DOE=s identification of need. The current ATSDR priority list of hazardous substances at DOE NPL sites was announced in the Toxicological Profiles are a unique compilation of toxicological information on a given hazardous substance. Each profile reflects a comprehensive and extensive evaluation, summary, and interpretation of available toxicologic and epidemiologic information on a substance. Health care providers treating patients potentially exposed to hazardous substances will find the following information helpful for fast answers to often-asked questions. Chapter 1: Public Health Statement: The Public Health Statement can be a useful tool for educating patients about possible exposure to a hazardous substance. It explains a substance's relevant toxicologic properties in a nontechnical, question-and-answer format, and it includes a review of the general health effects observed following exposure. Chapter 3: Health Effects: Specific health effects of a given hazardous compound are reported by type of health effect (death, systemic, immunologic, reproductive), by route of exposure, and by length of exposure (acute, intermediate, and chronic). In addition, both human and animal studies are reported in this section. NOTE: Not all health effects reported in this section are necessarily observed in the clinical setting. Please refer to the Public Health Statement to identify general health effects observed following exposure. The following additional material can be ordered through the ATSDR Information Center: IODINE viii Case …

Levothyroxine and Potassium Iodide Are Both Effective in Treating Benign Solitary Solid Cold Nodules of the Thyroid

Abstract: Objective: To determine the effectiveness of levothyroxine and potassium iodide in treating patients with benign solitary cold thyroid nodules Design: Randomized controlled study Setting: Outpati

Comparison of two different doses of iodide in the prevention of gestational goiter in marginal iodine deficiency: a longitudinal study.

Abstract: Objective: A prospective randomized trial was performed to assess the usefulness of iodine supplementation in the prevention of goiter in pregnant women living in marginally iodine-deficient areas. Design: Eighty-six pregnant women were recruited and randomized in two groups and treated daily for up to six months after delivery with 200mg iodide (group A) or 50mg iodide (group B). Sixty-seven women (32 in group A and 35 in group B) completed the study. Methods: Thyroid volume (TV), thyroid functional parameters and urinary iodine concentration were determined in all subjects at booking, at the 18th ‐ 26th, and the 29th ‐ 33rd week of gestation, and at the 3rd and 6th month after delivery. Results: A slight but not significant increase in TV during gestation was observed only in group B. After delivery a progressive decrease in TV was documented in both groups, the final TV being significantly reduced with respect to the initial volume in group A. No significant changes in serum free thyroid hormones and TSH concentrations were found during gestation in either group. Postpartum thyroiditis was observed in 5 women (2 in group A, 3 in group B). No side effects were seen. Conclusion: The present data indicate that in marginally iodine-deficient areas, the administration of iodide is recommended in pregnancy and lactation. In the conditions of the present trial a dose of 50mg iodide/day is a safe and effective measure in preventing an increase in TV during pregnancy but a dose of 200mg iodide/day appeared to be more effective without inducing side effects and without enhancing the frequency of post-partum thyroiditis.