Showing papers on "Ion published in 2022"
TL;DR: In this paper , high safety and low cost aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) are presented for grid-scale energy storage, whereas the corrosion, hydrogen evolution reaction and dendrites growth of Zn anodes plague their...
Abstract: High‐safety and low‐cost aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) are an exceptionally compelling technology for grid‐scale energy storage, whereas the corrosion, hydrogen evolution reaction and dendrites growth of Zn anodes plague their...
171 citations
TL;DR: Mixed-valence dilanthanide complexes (CpiPr5)2Ln2I3 (Ln is Gd, Tb, or Dy; CPIPr5, pentaisopropylcyclopentadienyl), which feature a singly occupied lanthanide-lanthanide σ-bonding orbital of 5dz2 parentage, are reported, as determined by structural, spectroscopic, and computational analyses.
Abstract: Description Magnetic effects of lanthanide bonding Lanthanide coordination compounds have attracted attention for their persistent magnetic properties near liquid nitrogen temperature, well above alternative molecular magnets. Gould et al. report that introducing metal-metal bonding can enhance coercivity. Reduction of iodide-bridged terbium or dysprosium dimers resulted in a single electron bond between the metals, which enforced alignment of the other valence electrons. The resultant coercive fields exceeded 14 tesla below 50 and 60 kelvin for the terbium and dysprosium compounds, respectively. —JSY A single electron bond between lanthanide centers induces alignment effects that impart extremely high magnetic coercivity. Metal-metal bonding interactions can engender outstanding magnetic properties in bulk materials and molecules, and examples abound for the transition metals. Extending this paradigm to the lanthanides, herein we report mixed-valence dilanthanide complexes (CpiPr5)2Ln2I3 (Ln is Gd, Tb, or Dy; CpiPr5, pentaisopropylcyclopentadienyl), which feature a singly occupied lanthanide-lanthanide σ-bonding orbital of 5dz2 parentage, as determined by structural, spectroscopic, and computational analyses. Valence delocalization, wherein the d electron is equally shared by the two lanthanide centers, imparts strong parallel alignment of the σ-bonding and f electrons on both lanthanides according to Hund’s rules. The combination of a well-isolated high-spin ground state and large magnetic anisotropy in (CpiPr5)2Dy2I3 gives rise to an enormous coercive magnetic field with a lower bound of 14 tesla at temperatures as high as 60 kelvin.
161 citations
TL;DR: Li2InxSc0.666−xCl4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.666) is a family of mixed-metal halospinel electrolytes that exhibits promising properties for high-performance solid-state batteries as discussed by the authors .
Abstract: All-solid-state Li batteries (ASSBs) employing inorganic solid electrolytes offer improved safety and are exciting candidates for next-generation energy storage. Herein, we report a family of lithium mixed-metal chlorospinels, Li2InxSc0.666−xCl4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.666), with high ionic conductivity (up to 2.0 mS cm−1) owing to a highly disordered Li-ion distribution, and low electronic conductivity (4.7 × 10−10 S cm−1), which are implemented for high-performance ASSBs. Owing to the excellent interfacial stability of the SE against uncoated high-voltage cathode materials, ASSBs utilizing LiCoO2 or LiNi0.85Co0.1Mn0.05O2 exhibit superior rate capability and long-term cycling (up to 4.8 V versus Li+/Li) compared to state-of-the-art ASSBs. In particular, the ASSB with LiNi0.85Co0.1Mn0.05O2 exhibits a long life of >3,000 cycles with 80% capacity retention at room temperature. High cathode loadings are also demonstrated in ASSBs with stable capacity retention of >4 mAh cm−2 (~190 mAh g−1). Intensive research is underway to develop solid-state electrolytes for rechargeable batteries. Here the authors report a family of mixed-metal halospinel electrolytes that exhibits promising properties for high-performance solid-state batteries.
144 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , a comprehensive research progress and in-depth understanding of the critical factors leading to the poor low-temperature performance of Li-ion batteries is provided; the distinctive challenges on the anodes, electrolytes, cathodes, and electrolyte-electrodes interphases are sorted out, with a special focus on Liion transport mechanism therein.
Abstract: With the highest energy density ever among all sorts of commercialized rechargeable batteries, Li-ion batteries (LIBs) have stimulated an upsurge utilization in 3C devices, electric vehicles, and stationary energy-storage systems. However, a high performance of commercial LIBs based on ethylene carbonate electrolytes and graphite anodes can only be achieved at above -20 °C, which restricts their applications in harsh environments. Here, a comprehensive research progress and in-depth understanding of the critical factors leading to the poor low-temperature performance of LIBs is provided; the distinctive challenges on the anodes, electrolytes, cathodes, and electrolyte-electrodes interphases are sorted out, with a special focus on Li-ion transport mechanism therein. Finally, promising strategies and solutions for improving low-temperature performance are highlighted to maximize the working-temperature range of the next-generation high-energy Li-ion/metal batteries.
123 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors show that hydrogen evolution can be suppressed by hydrated alkali cations physisorbed on the cathode, which impedes hydrogen evolution by suppression of migration of hydronium ions while at the same time promoting CO2 reduction by stabilization of key intermediates.
Abstract: The reaction of carbon dioxide with hydroxide to form carbonate in near-neutral or alkaline medium severely limits the energy and carbon efficiency of CO2 electroreduction. Here we show that by suppression of the otherwise predominant hydrogen evolution using alkali cations, efficient CO2 electroreduction can be conducted in acidic medium, overcoming the carbonate problem. The cation effects are general for three typical catalysts including carbon-supported tin oxide, gold and copper, leading to Faradaic efficiency as high as 90% for formic acid and CO formation. Our analysis suggests that hydrated alkali cations physisorbed on the cathode modify the distribution of electric field in the double layer, which impedes hydrogen evolution by suppression of migration of hydronium ions while at the same time promoting CO2 reduction by stabilization of key intermediates. Acidic media provide an opportunity to alleviate carbonate formation in electrocatalytic CO2 reduction but increase competition from H2 evolution. This study demonstrates that alkali cations in acidic media suppress H2 evolution leading to high Faradaic efficiency for carbon-based products and models the physical effects that lead to this result.
105 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors summarize the recent progress of nanostructured modified double hydroxides (LDHs) materials, their classification, synthesis, and a detailed discussion on their characterization techniques.
Abstract: Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are emerging catalyst materials with inner layer water molecules and higher anion exchange capacity. They have been extensively used as catalyst materials owing to their high specific surface area, environmental friendliness, lower cost, and non-toxicity. However, the lower surface area and leaching of metal ions from LDHs composites reduce the process efficiency of the catalyst. Modifying the LDHs materials with other materials can improve the surface properties of the composite and enhance the catalytic performance. Herein, this review aims to summarize the recent progress of nanostructured modified LDHs materials, their classification, synthesis, and a detailed discussion on their characterization techniques. Further, this study also discusses the application of nanostructured modified LDHs materials as catalysts in advanced oxidation process (AOPs) for various organic pollutants removal.
99 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , an overview of the effects of additive engineering on cathode and anode, respectively, is presented. And the potential directions and development prospects for further improvement in additive engineering in AZIBs are proposed.
85 citations
TL;DR: In this article , a neural network hyperparameter optimization method was used to improve the accuracy and generalization for RUL prediction of zinc-ion batteries, and the validity of the research work done in this paper is verified by a series of comparative experiments.
85 citations
TL;DR: In this article , a review on liquid electrolyte design for LIBs operating under low-temperature (<0 °C) conditions is presented. Covers various processes that determine performance below 0 °C and recent literature on electrolyte-based strategies to improve said performance.
Abstract: A review on liquid electrolyte design for LIBs operating under low-temperature (<0 °C) conditions. Covers various processes that determine performance below 0 °C and recent literature on electrolyte-based strategies to improve said performance.
85 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , a review summarizes the current status in the exploration of fast charging anode materials, mainly including the critical challenge of achieving fast charging capability, the inherent structures and lithium storage mechanisms of various anode material, as well as the recent progress to improve the rate performance involving morphology regulation, structure design, surface/interface modification, and forming multiphase systems.
Abstract: With the enormous development of the electric vehicle market, fast charging battery technology is highly required. However, the slow kinetics and lithium plating under fast charging condition of traditional graphite anode hinder the fast charging capability of lithium‐ion batteries. To develop anode materials with rapid Li‐ions diffusion capability and fast reaction kinetics has received widely attentions. This review summarizes the current status in the exploration of fast charging anode materials, mainly including the critical challenge of achieving fast charging capability, the inherent structures and lithium storage mechanisms of various anode materials, as well as the recent progress to improve the rate performance involving morphology regulation, structure design, surface/interface modification, as well as forming multiphase systems. Finally, the challenges and future directions of developing fast charging Li‐ion batteries are highlighted.
85 citations
TL;DR: Chang Li et al. as mentioned in this paper developed novel electrolyte systems for Zn-exclusive intercalation cathodes and advanced anodes for aqueous zinc-ion batteries under the supervision of Professor Linda F. Nazar.
TL;DR: In this article , a transfer learning model was developed by adding a featured linear transformation to the base model, which achieved a root-mean-square error of less than 1.7% on the datasets used for the model validation, indicating the successful applicability of the capacity estimation approach utilizing cell voltage relaxation.
Abstract: Abstract Accurate capacity estimation is crucial for the reliable and safe operation of lithium-ion batteries. In particular, exploiting the relaxation voltage curve features could enable battery capacity estimation without additional cycling information. Here, we report the study of three datasets comprising 130 commercial lithium-ion cells cycled under various conditions to evaluate the capacity estimation approach. One dataset is collected for model building from batteries with LiNi 0.86 Co 0.11 Al 0.03 O 2 -based positive electrodes. The other two datasets, used for validation, are obtained from batteries with LiNi 0.83 Co 0.11 Mn 0.07 O 2 -based positive electrodes and batteries with the blend of Li(NiCoMn)O 2 - Li(NiCoAl)O 2 positive electrodes. Base models that use machine learning methods are employed to estimate the battery capacity using features derived from the relaxation voltage profiles. The best model achieves a root-mean-square error of 1.1% for the dataset used for the model building. A transfer learning model is then developed by adding a featured linear transformation to the base model. This extended model achieves a root-mean-square error of less than 1.7% on the datasets used for the model validation, indicating the successful applicability of the capacity estimation approach utilizing cell voltage relaxation.
TL;DR: In this paper , the chemical ligand of N,N−bis(salicylidene)1,2-bis(2-aminophenylthio)ethane (BSBAE) was synthesized and then embedded indirectly on the mesoporous silica for the fabrication of optical composite materials (OCM) for toxic cadmium (Cd(II)) ion detection and removal from wastewater solutions.
TL;DR: In this paper , a series of bi/multimetallic MOF•74 family materials in situ grown on carbon cloth (CC) by doping Mx+ ions in Ni•MOF−74 is fabricated: NiM−MOF@CC (M = Mn2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Al3+, Fe3+).
Abstract: Limited by single metal active sites and low electrical conductivity, designing nickel‐based metal–organic framework (MOF) materials with high capacity and high energy density remains a challenge. Herein, a series of bi/multimetallic MOF‐74 family materials in situ grown on carbon cloth (CC) by doping Mx+ ions in Ni‐MOF‐74 is fabricated: NiM‐MOF@CC (M = Mn2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Al3+, Fe3+), and NiCoM‐MOF@CC (M = Mn2+, Zn2+, Al3+, Fe3+). The type and ratio of doping metal ions can be adjusted while the original topology is preserved. Different metal ions are confirmed by X‐ray absorption fine structure (XAFS). Furthermore, these Ni‐based MOF electrodes are directly utilized as cathodes for aqueous nickel–zinc batteries (NZBs). Among all the as‐prepared electrodes, NiCo‐MOF@CC‐3 (NCM@CC‐3), with an optimized Co/Ni ratio of 1:1, exhibits the best electrical conductivity, which is according to the density functional theory (DFT) theoretical calculations. The NCM@CC‐3//Zn@CC battery achieves a high specific capacity of 1.77 mAh cm–2, a high areal energy density of 2.97 mWh cm–2, and high cycling stability of 83% capacity retention rate after 6000 cycles. The synthetic strategy based on the coordination effect of metal ions and the concept of binder‐free electrodes provide a new direction for the synthesis of high‐performance materials in the energy‐storage field.
TL;DR: Although Mn2+ additive alleviates the dissolution issue of Mn-based cathodes in aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs), problems including complex side reactions and abnormal capacity fluctuation pose new challenges for their large-scale operation as mentioned in this paper .
Abstract: Although Mn2+ additive alleviates the dissolution issue of Mn-based cathodes in aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs), problems including complex side reactions and abnormal capacity fluctuation pose new challenges for their large-scale...
TL;DR: The solvent-guided shaping of conjugated polymides activates O/N Zn storage sites on the robust carbon architecture, which facilitates reversible Zn electrosorption and durable charge tansfer toward high energy-power Zn-ion capacitors as mentioned in this paper .
Abstract: The solvent-guided shaping of conjugated polymides activates O/N Zn-storage sites on the robust carbon architecture, which facilitates reversible Zn electrosorption and durable charge tansfer toward high energy-power Zn-ion capacitors.
TL;DR: In this paper, the adsorption performance and mechanisms of Pb2+ and Cd2+ in wastewater using MgO modified biochar derived from crofton weed (MBCW600) are investigated.
TL;DR: In this paper , a high performance cathode for Zn-ion batteries, featuring high discharge capacity, high rate performance and long cycle life, has been proposed, where sulfur doped MnO 2 (S-MnO 2 ) nanosheets have been used as a cathode.
TL;DR: In this paper , an ionic liquid (IL)-type reducing agent containing Cl- and a dihydroxyl group was employed to control the reduction process of silver (Ag) in AgNW-based flexible transparent electrodes (FTEs).
Abstract: Solution processable flexible transparent electrodes (FTEs) are urgently needed to boost the efficiency and mechanical stability of flexible organic solar cells (OSCs) on a large scale. However, how to balance the optoelectronic properties and meanwhile achieve robust mechanical behavior of FTEs is still a huge challenge. Silver nanowire (AgNW) electrodes, exhibiting easily tuned optoelectronic/mechanical properties, are attracting considerable attention, but their poor contacts at the junction site of the AgNWs increase the sheet resistance and reduce mechanical stability. In this study, an ionic liquid (IL)-type reducing agent containing Cl- and a dihydroxyl group was employed to control the reduction process of silver (Ag) in AgNW-based FTEs precisely. The Cl- in the IL regulates the Ag+ concentration through the formation and dissolution of AgCl, whereas the dihydroxyl group slowly reduces the released Ag+ to form metal Ag. The reduced Ag grew in situ at the junction site of the AgNWs in a twin-crystal growth mode, facilitating an atomic-level contact between the AgNWs and the reduced Ag. This enforced atomic-level contact decreased the sheet resistance, and enhanced the mechanical stability of the FTEs. As a result, the single-junction flexible OSCs based on this chemically welded FTE achieved record power conversion efficiencies of 17.52% (active area: 0.062 cm2) and 15.82% (active area: 1.0 cm2). These flexible devices also displayed robust bending and peeling durability even under extreme test conditions.
TL;DR: Zhang et al. as discussed by the authors used stable organic radicals as the dopant and ionic salts as the doping modulator to achieve power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of perovskite solar cells.
Abstract: Record power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been obtained with the organic hole transporter 2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenyl-amine)9,9′-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD). Conventional doping of spiro-OMeTAD with hygroscopic lithium salts and volatile 4-tert-butylpyridine is a time-consuming process and also leads to poor device stability. We developed a new doping strategy for spiro-OMeTAD that avoids post-oxidation by using stable organic radicals as the dopant and ionic salts as the doping modulator (referred to as ion-modulated radical doping). We achieved PCEs of >25% and much-improved device stability under harsh conditions. The radicals provide hole polarons that instantly increase the conductivity and work function (WF), and ionic salts further modulate the WF by affecting the energetics of the hole polarons. This organic semiconductor doping strategy, which decouples conductivity and WF tunability, could inspire further optimization in other optoelectronic devices. Description A radical doping approach In perovskite solar cells, high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) are usually obtained with an organic hole transporter called spiro-OMeTAD. This material must be doped to have sufficient conductivity and optimal work function, but the conventional process with lithium organic salts requires a long oxidation step that also affects device stability. Zhang et al. added spiro-OMeTAD biradical precursors that convert into stable organic monoradicals. Combined with ionic salts, this doping strategy formed solar cells with high PCEs (>25%) and improved stability. This approach also allows conductivity and work function to be tuned separately and could be applied in other optoelectronic devices. —PDS Organic radicals and ionic salts enable doping of an organic hole transporter without post-oxidation treatments.
TL;DR: In this article , an anion-doping-induced vacancy engineering is pioneered, where the selective oxidation process upgrades the transformation from Co-based precursor to S−doped CoSe2 (System II) instead of Se−doping CoS2 (system I) in the subsequent sulfuration/selenization, which results in vacancy level improvement and coexistence of sulfur vacancies (VS) and selenium vacancy (VSe).
Abstract: Vacancy engineering is an attractive approach to modulate the electronic structure of transition metal chalcogens. However, illustrating how anion vacancy can be engineered to tailor their electromagnetic (EM) parameters and electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption, based on clear vacancy concentrations and/or various anion vacancies rather than semiempirical rules, is currently lacking but significantly desired. An anion‐doping‐induced vacancy engineering is pioneered, where the selective oxidation process upgrades the transformation from Co‐based precursor to S‐doped CoSe2 (System II) instead of Se‐doped CoS2 (System I) in the subsequent sulfuration/selenization, which results in vacancy level improvement and coexistence of sulfur vacancies (VS) and selenium vacancy (VSe). Thanks to the boosted dielectric polarization loss provided by the comparable coexistence of sulfur/selenium vacancies (VS/VSe = 0.52), S‐doped CoSe2 harvests a broad bandwidth of 9.25 GHz (8.75–18.00 GHz) at 2.42 mm. This feature almost simultaneously achieves 100% coverage for X‐, and Ku‐bands, outperforming all reported metal sulfides/selenides until now. This work establishes a clear correlation between vacancy concentrations/various anion vacancies and EMW dissipation ability, offering valuable insights for designing advanced EMW absorbing materials.
TL;DR: In this article , a new strategy to overcome the drawbacks of current absorbers by employing the co-contribution of functional polymer frameworks and liquids with strong EMW absorption properties is proposed.
Abstract: Demand for electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbers continues to increase with technological advances in wearable electronics and military applications. In this study, a new strategy to overcome the drawbacks of current absorbers by employing the co‐contribution of functional polymer frameworks and liquids with strong EMW absorption properties is proposed. Strongly polar water, dimethyl sulfoxide/water mixtures, and highly conductive 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate ([EMI][ES]) are immobilized in dielectrically inert polymer networks to form different classes of gels (hydrogels, organogels, and ionogels). These gels demonstrate a high correlation between their dielectric properties and polarity/ionic conductivity/non‐covalent interaction of immobilized liquids. Thus, the EMW absorption performances of the gels can be precisely tuned over a wide range due to the diversity and stability of the liquids. The prepared hydrogels show good shielding performance (shielding efficiency > 20 dB) due to the high dielectric constants, while organogels with moderate attenuation ability and impedance matching achieve full‐wave absorption in X‐band (8.2–12.4 GHz) at 2.5 ± 0.5 mm. The ionogels also offer a wide effective absorption bandwidth (10.79–16.38 GHz at 2.2 mm) via prominent ionic conduction loss. In short, this work provides a conceptually novel platform to develop high‐efficient, customizable, and low‐cost functional absorbers.
TL;DR: This review comprehensively summarizes the research progress in the rational design and synthesis of artificial subnanometer-sized ion channels with zero-dimensional to three-dimensional pore structures and highlights their potential applications in high-efficiency ion separation, energy conversion, and biological therapeutics.
Abstract: Artificial ion channels with ion permeability and selectivity comparable to their biological counterparts are highly desired for efficient separation, biosensing, and energy conversion technologies. In the past two decades, both nanoscale and sub-nanoscale ion channels have been successfully fabricated to mimic biological ion channels. Although nanoscale ion channels have achieved intelligent gating and rectification properties, they cannot realize high ion selectivity, especially single-ion selectivity. Artificial angstrom-sized ion channels with narrow pore sizes <1 nm and well-defined pore structures mimicking biological channels have accomplished high ion conductivity and single-ion selectivity. This review comprehensively summarizes the research progress in the rational design and synthesis of artificial subnanometer-sized ion channels with zero-dimensional to three-dimensional pore structures. Then we discuss cation/anion, mono-/di-valent cation, mono-/di-valent anion, and single-ion selectivities of the synthetic ion channels and highlight their potential applications in high-efficiency ion separation, energy conversion, and biological therapeutics. The gaps of single-ion selectivity between artificial and natural channels and the connections between ion selectivity and permeability of synthetic ion channels are covered. Finally, the challenges that need to be addressed in this research field and the perspective of angstrom-scale ion channels are discussed.
TL;DR: In this paper , a Li atom was doped to the recently observed all-carboatomic molecule, cyclo[18] carbon (C18), and two stable configurations with Li inside and outside the ring were obtained.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors introduce potassium ions to partially substitute ammonium ions in ammonium vanadate, leading to a subtle shrinkage of lattice distance and the increased oxygen vacancies.
Abstract: Vanadium-based materials have been extensively studied as promising cathode materials for zinc-ion batteries because of their multiple valences and adjustable ion-diffusion channels. However, the sluggish kinetics of Zn-ion intercalation and less stable layered structure remain bottlenecks that limit their further development. The present work introduces potassium ions to partially substitute ammonium ions in ammonium vanadate, leading to a subtle shrinkage of lattice distance and the increased oxygen vacancies. The resulting potassium ammonium vanadate exhibits a high discharge capacity (464 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1) and excellent cycling stability (90% retention over 3000 cycles at 5 A g-1). The excellent electrochemical properties and battery performances are attributed to the rich oxygen vacancies. The introduction of K+ to partially replace NH4+ appears to alleviate the irreversible deammoniation to prevent structural collapse during ion insertion/extraction. Density functional theory calculations show that potassium ammonium vanadate has a modulated electron structure and a better zinc-ion diffusion path with a lower migration barrier.
TL;DR: In this paper , the ion-solvent interactions tuning strategy was proposed to suppress the co-intercalation behavior, enhance the potassium metal performance, and improve the oxidation stability of graphite anode.
Abstract: Conventional ether-based electrolytes exhibited low polarization voltage in potassium ion batteries, yet suffered from ion-solvent co-intercalation phenomenon in graphite anode, inferior potassium metal performance, and limited oxidation stability. Here, we revealed that weaken the cation-solvent interactions could suppress the co-intercalation behaviour, enhance the potassium metal performance, and improve the oxidation stability. Consequently, the graphite anode exhibits K + intercalation behaviour (K||graphite cell operates 200 cycles with 86.6% capacity retention), the potassium metal shows highly stable plating/stripping (K||Cu cell delivers 550 cycles with average Coulombic efficiency of 98.9%) and dendrite-free (symmetric K||K cell operates over 1400 hours) properties, and the electrolyte exhibits high oxidation stability up to 4.4 V. The ion-solvent interactions tuning strategy provides a promising method to develop high performance electrolytes and beyond.
TL;DR: In this article, a strong local electric field is obtained by regulating the arrangement of Cu nanoneedle arrays (CuNNAs), which leads to the accumulation of K+ ions, which benefit both *CO adsorption and C-C coupling.
Abstract: Electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to multicarbon products is a potential strategy to solve the energy crisis while achieving carbon neutrality. To improve the efficiency of multicarbon products in Cu-based catalysts, optimizing the *CO adsorption and reducing the energy barrier for carbon-carbon (C-C) coupling are essential features. In this work, a strong local electric field is obtained by regulating the arrangement of Cu nanoneedle arrays (CuNNAs). CO2 reduction performance tests indicate that an ordered nanoneedle array reaches a 59% Faraday efficiency for multicarbon products (FEC2) at -1.2 V (vs RHE), compared to a FEC2 of 20% for a disordered nanoneedle array (CuNNs). As such, the very high and local electric fields achieved by an ordered Cu nanoneedle array leads to the accumulation of K+ ions, which benefit both *CO adsorption and C-C coupling. Our results contribute to the design of highly efficient catalysts for multicarbon products.
TL;DR: Because of the structural flexibility and tunability, antiperovskite electrolytes are excellent candidates for solid-state battery applications, and researchers are still exploring the relationship between their structure and ion diffusion behavior.
Abstract: Solid-state batteries have fascinated the research community over the past decade, largely due to their improved safety properties and potential for high-energy density. Searching for fast ion conductors with sufficient electrochemical and chemical stabilities is at the heart of solid-state battery research and applications. Recently, significant progress has been made in solid-state electrolyte development. Sulfide-, oxide-, and halide-based electrolytes have been able to achieve high ionic conductivities of more than 10-3 S/cm at room temperature, which are comparable to liquid-based electrolytes. However, their stability toward Li metal anodes poses significant challenges for these electrolytes. The existence of non-Li cations that can be reduced by Li metal in these electrolytes hinders the application of Li anode and therefore poses an obstacle toward achieving high-energy density. The finding of antiperovskites as ionic conductors in recent years has demonstrated a new and exciting solution. These materials, mainly constructed from Li (or Na), O, and Cl (or Br), are lightweight and electrochemically stable toward metallic Li and possess promising ionic conductivity. Because of the structural flexibility and tunability, antiperovskite electrolytes are excellent candidates for solid-state battery applications, and researchers are still exploring the relationship between their structure and ion diffusion behavior. Herein, the recent progress of antiperovskites for solid-state batteries is reviewed, and the strategies to tune the ionic conductivity by structural manipulation are summarized. Major challenges and future directions are discussed to facilitate the development of antiperovskite-based solid-state batteries.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors discuss the environmental pollution from critical materials loss from spent automotive lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is a major global concern and present a solution to this problem.
Abstract: Environmental pollution from critical materials loss from spent automotive lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is a major global concern. Practical LIBs recycling obviates pollution, saves resources and boosts sustainability. However, despite increasing...
TL;DR: In this article , a high-performance NH4V4O10 cathode with oxygen vacancy and reduced graphene oxide surface modification is presented, which leads to high electronic conductivity, weak electrostatic interaction and low Zn2+ diffusion barrier.