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Showing papers on "Ising model published in 2022"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Ising machines as discussed by the authors are special-purpose hardware solvers that aim to find the absolute or approximate ground states of the Ising model, which is of fundamental computational interest because any problem in the complexity class NP can be formulated as an Ising problem with only polynomial overhead and thus a scalable Ising machine that outperforms existing standard digital computers could have a huge impact for practical applications.
Abstract: Ising machines are hardware solvers that aim to find the absolute or approximate ground states of the Ising model. The Ising model is of fundamental computational interest because any problem in the complexity class NP can be formulated as an Ising problem with only polynomial overhead, and thus a scalable Ising machine that outperforms existing standard digital computers could have a huge impact for practical applications. We survey the status of various approaches to constructing Ising machines and explain their underlying operational principles. The types of Ising machines considered here include classical thermal annealers based on technologies such as spintronics, optics, memristors and digital hardware accelerators; dynamical systems solvers implemented with optics and electronics; and superconducting-circuit quantum annealers. We compare and contrast their performance using standard metrics such as the ground-state success probability and time-to-solution, give their scaling relations with problem size, and discuss their strengths and weaknesses. Minimizing the energy of the Ising model is a prototypical combinatorial optimization problem, ubiquitous in our increasingly automated world. This Review surveys Ising machines — special-purpose hardware solvers for this problem — and examines the various operating principles and compares their performance.

88 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Hubbard model is the simplest model of interacting fermions on a lattice and is of similar importance to correlated electron physics as the Ising model is to statistical mechanics or the fruit fly to biomedical science as mentioned in this paper .
Abstract: The Hubbard model is the simplest model of interacting fermions on a lattice and is of similar importance to correlated electron physics as the Ising model is to statistical mechanics or the fruit fly to biomedical science. Despite its simplicity, the model exhibits an incredible wealth of phases, phase transitions, and exotic correlation phenomena. Although analytical methods have provided a qualitative description of the model in certain limits, numerical tools have shown impressive progress in achieving quantitative accurate results over the past several years. This article gives an introduction to the model, motivates common questions, and illustrates the progress that has been achieved over recent years in revealing various aspects of the correlation physics of the model.

63 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors demonstrate coherent evolution through a quantum phase transition in the paradigmatic setting of a one-dimensional transverse-field Ising chain, using up to 2,000 superconducting flux qubits in a programmable quantum annealer.
Abstract: Quantum simulation has emerged as a valuable arena for demonstrating and understanding the capabilities of near-term quantum computers1–3. Quantum annealing4,5 has been successfully used in simulating a range of open quantum systems, both at equilibrium6–8 and out of equilibrium9–11. However, in all previous experiments, annealing has been too slow to coherently simulate a closed quantum system, due to the onset of thermal effects from the environment. Here we demonstrate coherent evolution through a quantum phase transition in the paradigmatic setting of a one-dimensional transverse-field Ising chain, using up to 2,000 superconducting flux qubits in a programmable quantum annealer. In large systems, we observe the quantum Kibble–Zurek mechanism with theoretically predicted kink statistics, as well as characteristic positive kink–kink correlations, independent of temperature. In small chains, excitation statistics validate the picture of a Landau–Zener transition at a minimum gap. In both cases, the results are in quantitative agreement with analytical solutions to the closed-system quantum model. For slower anneals, we observe anti-Kibble–Zurek scaling in a crossover to the open quantum regime. The coherent dynamics of large-scale quantum annealers demonstrated here can be exploited to perform approximate quantum optimization, machine learning and simulation tasks. The coherent dynamics of the transverse-field Ising model driven through a quantum phase transition can be accurately simulated using a large-scale quantum annealer.

59 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , it was shown that long-range interactions give rise to a continuum of nonconformal universality classes, with continuously varying critical exponents, and numerically determined the phase diagram for a one-dimensional, longrange-interacting hybrid circuit model as a function of the power-law exponent and the measurement rate.
Abstract: The competition between scrambling unitary evolution and projective measurements leads to a phase transition in the dynamics of quantum entanglement. Here, we demonstrate that the nature of this transition is fundamentally altered by the presence of long-range, power-law interactions. For sufficiently weak power laws, the measurement-induced transition is described by conformal field theory, analogous to short-range-interacting hybrid circuits. However, beyond a critical power law, we demonstrate that long-range interactions give rise to a continuum of nonconformal universality classes, with continuously varying critical exponents. We numerically determine the phase diagram for a one-dimensional, long-range-interacting hybrid circuit model as a function of the power-law exponent and the measurement rate. Finally, by using an analytic mapping to a long-range quantum Ising model, we provide a theoretical understanding for the critical power law.

54 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the authors give an overview of the critical O(N) CFT, including some methods to study it, and present a large collection of conformal data, extracted from the literature and supplemented by many additional computations of order ε(n) anomalous dimensions.

33 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors demonstrate a pathway towards an oscillator-based IM using arrays of nanoconstriction spin Hall nano-oscillators (SHNOs) and show how SHNOs can be readily phase binarized and how their resulting microwave power corresponds to well defined global phase states.
Abstract: Ising machines (IMs) are physical systems designed to find solutions to combinatorial optimization (CO) problems mapped onto the IM via the coupling strengths between its binary spins. Using its intrinsic dynamics and different annealing schemes, the IM relaxes over time to its lowest-energy state, which is the solution to the CO problem. IMs have been implemented on different platforms, and interacting nonlinear oscillators are particularly promising candidates. Here we demonstrate a pathway towards an oscillator-based IM using arrays of nanoconstriction spin Hall nano-oscillators (SHNOs). We show how SHNOs can be readily phase binarized and how their resulting microwave power corresponds to well-defined global phase states. To distinguish between degenerate states, we use phase-resolved Brillouin-light-scattering microscopy and directly observe the individual phase of each nanoconstriction. Micromagnetic simulations corroborate our experiments and confirm that our proposed IM platform can solve CO problems, showcased by how the phase states of a $2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2$ SHNO array are solutions to a modified max-cut problem. Compared with the commercially available D-Wave ${\mathrm{Advantage}}^{\mathrm{TM}}$, our architecture holds significant promise for faster sampling, substantially reduced power consumption, and a dramatically smaller footprint.

24 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Apr 2022-Polymer
TL;DR: In this paper , the impact of exchange coupling, crystal field and external magnetic field on the magnetic, thermodynamic behaviors and magnetocaloric effect of a ferromagnetic mixed-spin (1, 1/2) Ising polyhedral chain has been explored using Monte Carlo simulation.

21 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , a general framework combining statistical inference and expectation maximization is proposed to fully reconstruct 2-simplicial complexes with two and three-body interactions based on binary time-series data from two types of discrete-state dynamics.
Abstract: Abstract Previous efforts on data-based reconstruction focused on complex networks with pairwise or two-body interactions. There is a growing interest in networks with higher-order or many-body interactions, raising the need to reconstruct such networks based on observational data. We develop a general framework combining statistical inference and expectation maximization to fully reconstruct 2-simplicial complexes with two- and three-body interactions based on binary time-series data from two types of discrete-state dynamics. We further articulate a two-step scheme to improve the reconstruction accuracy while significantly reducing the computational load. Through synthetic and real-world 2-simplicial complexes, we validate the framework by showing that all the connections can be faithfully identified and the full topology of the 2-simplicial complexes can be inferred. The effects of noisy data or stochastic disturbance are studied, demonstrating the robustness of the proposed framework.

21 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the authors present an algorithm that compresses the Trotter steps into a single block of quantum gates, which results in a fixed depth time evolution for certain classes of Hamiltonians.
Abstract: Unitary evolution under a time dependent Hamiltonian is a key component of simulation on quantum hardware. Synthesizing the corresponding quantum circuit is typically done by breaking the evolution into small time steps, also known as Trotterization, which leads to circuits whose depth scales with the number of steps. When the circuit elements are limited to a subset of SU(4) -- or equivalently, when the Hamiltonian may be mapped onto free fermionic models -- several identities exist that combine and simplify the circuit. Based on this, we present an algorithm that compresses the Trotter steps into a single block of quantum gates. This results in a fixed depth time evolution for certain classes of Hamiltonians. We explicitly show how this algorithm works for several spin models, and demonstrate its use for adiabatic state preparation of the transverse field Ising model.

17 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the authors introduce a class of noninvertible topological defects in (3+1)D gauge theories whose fusion rules are the higher-dimensional analogs of those of the Kramers-Wannier defect in the critical Ising model.
Abstract: We introduce a class of noninvertible topological defects in (3+1)D gauge theories whose fusion rules are the higher-dimensional analogs of those of the Kramers-Wannier defect in the (1+1)D critical Ising model. As in the lower-dimensional case, the presence of such noninvertible defects implies self-duality under a particular gauging of their discrete (higher-form) symmetries. Examples of theories with such a defect include SO(3) Yang-Mills (YM) at θ=π, N=1 SO(3) super YM, and N=4 SU(2) super YM at τ=i. We also introduce an analogous construction in (2+1)D, and give a number of examples in Chern-Simons-matter theories.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , Monte Carlo simulation was applied to investigate the dynamic magnetic behaviors of the ferrimagnetic mixed-spin (3/2, 5/2) Ising-type borophene nanoribbons with core-shell structure.

Journal ArticleDOI
Bo Lu, Chen-Rui Fan, Lu Liu, Kai Wen, Chuan Wang 
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors designed a CIM structure with spiking neural network by adding dissipative pulses, which are anti-symmetrically coupled to the degenerate optical parametric oscillator pulses in CIM with a measurement feedback system.
Abstract: Coherent Ising machine (CIM) is a hardware solver that simulates the Ising model and finds optimal solutions to combinatorial optimization problems. However, for practical tasks, the computational process may be trapped in local minima, which is a key challenge for CIM. In this work, we design a CIM structure with a spiking neural network by adding dissipative pulses, which are anti-symmetrically coupled to the degenerate optical parametric oscillator pulses in CIM with a measurement feedback system. We find that the unstable oscillatory region of the spiking neural network could assist the CIM to escape from the trapped local minima. Moreover, we show that the machine has a different search mechanism than CIM, which can achieve a higher solution success probability and speed-up effect.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the critical behavior of magnetization has been analyzed using a new method, which is applicable to explore the physics for a wide range of materials showing trivial or nontrivial critical behavior on two sides of the transition.
Abstract: We present experimental investigation on critical phenomena in Cu_{2}OSeO_{3} by analyzing the critical behavior of magnetization using a new method. This is necessary as a crossover from 3D Ising to 3D Heisenberg has been observed in Cu_{2}OSeO_{3}. The proposed method is applicable to explore the physics for a wide range of materials showing trivial or nontrivial critical behavior on two sides of the transition. A magnetic phase diagram has been constructed from the critical analysis. Multiple critical points due to multiple phases and transition between them have been observed in the phase diagram of Cu_{2}OSeO_{3}.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , a quantum convolutional neural network (QCNN) was used to identify symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases of a spin model characterized by a non-zero string order parameter.
Abstract: Abstract Quantum computing crucially relies on the ability to efficiently characterize the quantum states output by quantum hardware. Conventional methods which probe these states through direct measurements and classically computed correlations become computationally expensive when increasing the system size. Quantum neural networks tailored to recognize specific features of quantum states by combining unitary operations, measurements and feedforward promise to require fewer measurements and to tolerate errors. Here, we realize a quantum convolutional neural network (QCNN) on a 7-qubit superconducting quantum processor to identify symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases of a spin model characterized by a non-zero string order parameter. We benchmark the performance of the QCNN based on approximate ground states of a family of cluster-Ising Hamiltonians which we prepare using a hardware-efficient, low-depth state preparation circuit. We find that, despite being composed of finite-fidelity gates itself, the QCNN recognizes the topological phase with higher fidelity than direct measurements of the string order parameter for the prepared states.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the dynamics of entropic uncertainty relations, nonlocality, entanglement, and the degree of mixedness are investigated in a system of two two-level atoms with a cavity field.
Abstract: In a system of two two‐level atoms with a cavity field, the dynamics of entropic uncertainty relations, nonlocality, entanglement, and the degree of mixedness are investigated. In addition to the dynamical map, the interaction between two two‐level systems and the Fock state cavity field, the effects of various parameters, such as temperature dependence, Ising interaction, and dipole–dipole interaction are discussed. It is shown that Ising and dipole–dipole interactions promote entanglement and nonlocal correlations while lowering mixedness and entropy. In order to maintain optimal entanglement and nonlocal correlations, numerical values for improving the current cavity fields are also proposed. The cavity field exhibits both Markovian and non‐Markovian behavior, depending on the type of interaction.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the authors extended the Monte Carlo method to investigate the thermodynamic and magnetocaloric properties of the graphdiyne bilayer under the presence of the external magnetic field.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigated the integrability of the tilted Ising chain in the regime of a weak transverse field and found that the sector made of isolated magnons is integrable with dynamics being governed by a constrained version of the XXZ spin Hamiltonian.
Abstract: We investigate emergent quantum dynamics of the tilted Ising chain in the regime of a weak transverse field. Within the leading order perturbation theory, the Hilbert space is fragmented into exponentially many decoupled sectors. We find that the sector made of isolated magnons is integrable with dynamics being governed by a constrained version of the XXZ spin Hamiltonian. As a consequence, when initiated in this sector, the Ising chain exhibits ballistic transport on unexpectedly long timescales. We quantitatively describe its rich phenomenology employing exact integrable techniques such as generalized hydrodynamics. Finally, we initiate studies of integrability-breaking magnon clusters whose leading-order transport is activated by scattering with surrounding isolated magnons.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the authors obtained the finite-T phase diagram and the dynamical properties of the twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) model, which includes the quantum anomalous Hall and charge density wave phases at low T, and an Ising transition separating them from the high-T symmetric phases.
Abstract: A topological Mott insulator (TMI) with spontaneous time-reversal symmetry breaking and nonzero Chern number has been discovered in a real-space effective model for twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) at 3/4 filling in the strong coupling limit [1]. However, the finite temperature properties of such a TMI state remain illusive. In this work, employing the state-of-the-art thermal tensor network and the perturbative field-theoretical approaches, we obtain the finite-T phase diagram and the dynamical properties of the TBG model. The phase diagram includes the quantum anomalous Hall and charge density wave phases at low T, and an Ising transition separating them from the high-T symmetric phases. Because of the proliferation of excitons-particle-hole bound states-the transitions take place at a significantly reduced temperature than the mean-field estimation. The exciton phase is accompanied with distinctive experimental signatures in such as in charge compressibilities and optical conductivities close to the transition. Our work explains the smearing of the many-electron state topology by proliferating excitons and opens an avenue for controlled many-body investigations on finite-temperature states in the TBG and other quantum moiré systems.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the authors demonstrate how the presence of continuous weak symmetry can be used to analytically diagonalize the Liouvillian of a class of Markovian dissipative systems with strong interactions or nonlinearity.
Abstract: We demonstrate how the presence of continuous weak symmetry can be used to analytically diagonalize the Liouvillian of a class of Markovian dissipative systems with strong interactions or nonlinearity. This enables an exact description of the full dynamics and dissipative spectrum. Our method can be viewed as implementing an exact, sector-dependent mean-field decoupling, or alternatively, as a kind of quantum-to-classical mapping. We focus on two canonical examples: a nonlinear bosonic mode subject to incoherent loss and pumping, and an inhomogeneous quantum Ising model with arbitrary connectivity and local dissipation. In both cases, we calculate and analyze the full dissipation spectrum. Our method is applicable to a variety of other systems, and could provide a powerful new tool for the study of complex driven-dissipative quantum systems.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , a sparse Ising machine is proposed to solve combinatorial optimization problems on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) with up to six orders of magnitude faster sampling than standard Gibbs sampling on a central processing unit.
Abstract: Solving computationally hard problems using conventional computing architectures is often slow and energetically inefficient. Quantum computing may help with these challenges, but it is still in the early stages of development. A quantum-inspired alternative is to build domain-specific architectures with classical hardware. Here we report a sparse Ising machine that achieves massive parallelism where the flips per second—the key figure of merit—scales linearly with the number of probabilistic bits. Our sparse Ising machine architecture, prototyped on a field-programmable gate array, is up to six orders of magnitude faster than standard Gibbs sampling on a central processing unit, and offers 5–18 times improvements in sampling speed compared with approaches based on tensor processing units and graphics processing units. Our sparse Ising machine can reliably factor semi-primes up to 32 bits and it outperforms competition-winning Boolean satisfiability solvers in approximate optimization. Moreover, our architecture can find the correct ground state, even when inexact sampling is made with faster clocks. Our problem encoding and sparsification techniques could be applied to other classical and quantum Ising machines, and our architecture could potentially be scaled to 1,000,000 or more p-bits using analogue silicon or nanodevice technologies. Sparsification techniques can be used to create Ising machines prototyped on field-programmable gate arrays that can quickly and efficiently solve combinatorial optimization problems.

Journal ArticleDOI
20 Jan 2022-Quantum
TL;DR: In this article , the authors employ neural-network quantum states to approximate the implicit midpoint rule method, which preserves the symplectic form of Hamiltonian dynamics, and exploit this property to efficiently compute gradients.
Abstract: A promising application of neural-network quantum states is to describe the time dynamics of many-body quantum systems. To realize this idea, we employ neural-network quantum states to approximate the implicit midpoint rule method, which preserves the symplectic form of Hamiltonian dynamics. We ensure that our complex-valued neural networks are holomorphic functions, and exploit this property to efficiently compute gradients. Application to the transverse-field Ising model on a one- and two-dimensional lattice exhibits an accuracy comparable to the stochastic configuration method proposed in [Carleo and Troyer, Science 355, 602-606 (2017)], but does not require computing the (pseudo-)inverse of a matrix.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jul 2022
TL;DR: In this paper , the Monte Carlo simulation was applied to examine the compensation characteristics and hysteresis behaviors of an edge-decorated graphene-like Ising multilayer nanoparticle.
Abstract: The Monte Carlo simulation was applied to examine the compensation characteristics and hysteresis behaviors of an edge-decorated graphene-like Ising multilayer nanoparticle. The influence of various Hamiltonian parameters such as crystal field and exchange coupling on the magnetic properties is illustrated. Under certain Hamiltonian parameters, the system can exhibit interesting magnetic phenomena such as double compensation temperatures, multiple saturation magnetizations, double-peak susceptibility χ curves and triple-loop hysteresis behaviors, which probably can be applied to multiple magnetic recording.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigated the field-angle dependence of the upper critical field, which directly reflects the symmetry of the superconducting order parameter, and observed a sixfold nodal symmetry superposed on a twofold symmetry.
Abstract: Transition metal dichalcogenides like $2H\text{\ensuremath{-}}{\mathrm{NbSe}}_{2}$ in their two-dimensional (2D) form exhibit Ising superconductivity with the quasiparticle spins being firmly pinned in the direction perpendicular to the basal plane. This enables them to withstand exceptionally high magnetic fields beyond the Pauli limit for superconductivity. Using field-angle-resolved magnetoresistance experiments for fields rotated in the basal plane we investigate the field-angle dependence of the upper critical field (${H}_{c2}$), which directly reflects the symmetry of the superconducting order parameter. We observe a sixfold nodal symmetry superposed on a twofold symmetry. This agrees with theoretical predictions of a nodal topological superconducting phase near ${H}_{c2}$, together with a nematic superconducting state. We demonstrate that in ${\mathrm{NbSe}}_{2}$ such unconventional superconducting states can arise from the presence of several competing superconducting channels.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: PyQUBO as mentioned in this paper is an open-source Python library for constructing quadratic unconstrained binary optimizations (QUBOs) from the objective functions and the constraints of optimization problems.
Abstract: We present PyQUBO, an open-source Python library for constructing quadratic unconstrained binary optimizations (QUBOs) from the objective functions and the constraints of optimization problems. PyQUBO enables users to prepare QUBOs or Ising models for various combinatorial optimization problems with ease thanks to the abstraction of expressions and the extensibility of the program. QUBOs and Ising models formulated using PyQUBO are solvable by Ising machines, including quantum annealing machines. We introduce the features of PyQUBO with applications in the number partitioning problem, knapsack problem, graph coloring problem, and integer factorization using a binary multiplier. Moreover, we demonstrate how PyQUBO can be applied to production-scale problems through integration with quantum annealing machines. Through its flexibility and ease of use, PyQUBO has the potential to make quantum annealing a more practical tool among researchers.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the actor-critic RL algorithm is applied to the conformal-bootstrap program for 2D CFTs, with particular focus on the Ising and tri-critical Ising models and free compactified boson CFT.
Abstract: We introduce the use of reinforcement-learning (RL) techniques to the conformal-bootstrap programme. We demonstrate that suitable soft Actor-Critic RL algorithms can perform efficient, relatively cheap high-dimensional searches in the space of scaling dimensions and OPE-squared coefficients that produce sensible results for tens of CFT data from a single crossing equation. In this paper we test this approach in well-known 2D CFTs, with particular focus on the Ising and tri-critical Ising models and the free compactified boson CFT. We present results of as high as 36-dimensional searches, whose sole input is the expected number of operators per spin in a truncation of the conformal-block decomposition of the crossing equations. Our study of 2D CFTs uses only the global $so(2,2)$ part of the conformal algebra, and our methods are equally applicable to higher-dimensional CFTs. When combined with other, already available, numerical and analytical methods, we expect our approach to yield an exciting new window into the non-perturbative structure of arbitrary (unitary or non-unitary) CFTs.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: By numerically minimizing a linear-response approximation to the excess work, protocols in control-parameter spaces of a 2D Ising model are designed that efficiently drive the system from the all-down to all-up configuration and flatten the energy landscape, making accessible many configurations that would otherwise have prohibitively high energy and, thus, decreasing spin correlations.
Abstract: A system's configurational state can be manipulated using dynamic variation of control parameters, such as temperature, pressure, or magnetic field; for finite-duration driving, excess work is required above the equilibrium free-energy change. Minimum-work protocols in multidimensional control-parameter space have the potential to significantly reduce work relative to one-dimensional control. By numerically minimizing a linear-response approximation to the excess work, we design protocols in control-parameter spaces of a 2D Ising model that efficiently drive the system from the all-down to all-up configuration. We find that such designed multidimensional protocols take advantage of more flexible control to avoid control-parameter regions of high system resistance, heterogeneously input and extract work to make use of system relaxation, and flatten the energy landscape, making accessible many configurations that would otherwise have prohibitively high energy and, thus, decreasing spin correlations. Relative to one-dimensional protocols, this speeds up the rate-limiting spin-inversion reaction, thereby keeping the system significantly closer to equilibrium for a wide range of protocol durations and significantly reducing resistance and, hence, work.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigate two separate notions of dynamical phase transitions in the two-dimensional nearest-neighbor transverse-field Ising model on a square lattice using matrix product states and a hybrid infinite time-evolving block decimation algorithm, where the model is implemented on an infinitely long cylinder with a finite diameter along which periodic boundary conditions are employed.
Abstract: We investigate two separate notions of dynamical phase transitions in the two-dimensional nearest-neighbor transverse-field Ising model on a square lattice using matrix product states and a hybrid infinite time-evolving block decimation algorithm, where the model is implemented on an infinitely long cylinder with a finite diameter along which periodic boundary conditions are employed. Starting in an ordered initial state, our numerical results suggest that quenches below the dynamical critical point give rise to a ferromagnetic long-time steady state with the Loschmidt return rate exhibiting anomalous cusps even when the order parameter never crosses zero. Within the accessible timescales of our numerics, quenches above the dynamical critical point suggest a paramagnetic long-time steady state with the return rate exhibiting regular cusps connected to zero crossings of the order parameter. Additionally, our simulations indicate that quenching slightly above the dynamical critical point leads to a coexistence region where both anomalous and regular cusps appear in the return rate. Quenches from the disordered phase further confirm our main conclusions. Our work supports the recent finding that anomalous cusps arise only when local spin excitations are the energetically dominant quasiparticles. Our results are accessible in modern Rydberg experiments.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors studied the dynamical crossing of the QPT in the paradigmatic Ising model by a joint effort of modern state-of-the-art numerical methods, including artificial neural networks and tensor networks.
Abstract: The quantum Kibble-Zurek mechanism (QKZM) predicts universal dynamical behavior near the quantum phase transitions (QPTs). It is now well understood for the one-dimensional quantum matter. Higher-dimensional systems, however, remain a challenge, complicated by the fundamentally different character of the associated QPTs and their underlying conformal field theories. In this work, we take the first steps toward theoretical exploration of the QKZM in two dimensions for interacting quantum matter. We study the dynamical crossing of the QPT in the paradigmatic Ising model by a joint effort of modern state-of-the-art numerical methods, including artificial neural networks and tensor networks. As a central result, we quantify universal QKZM behavior close to the QPT. We also note that, upon traversing further into the ferromagnetic regime, deviations from the QKZM prediction appear. We explain the observed behavior by proposing an extended QKZM taking into account spectral information as well as phase ordering. Our work provides a testing platform for higher-dimensional quantum simulators.