Isolation transformer

About: Isolation transformer is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8145 publications have been published within this topic receiving 72396 citations.

Design considerations of high voltage and high frequency three phase transformer for Solid State Transformer application

Abstract: The three-phase Solid State Transformer (SST) is one of the key elements in the Future Renewable Electric Energy Delivery and Management (FREEDM) System. The SST consists of an input rectifier, Dual Active Bridge (DAB) bidirectional dc-dc converter and followed by an inverter for ac voltage output. The DAB converter is a bidirectional dc-dc converter using high frequency transformers to step up or down the voltages at high frequency for a reduction in size while maintaining high efficiency and reliability. The single phase high-frequency high-voltage transformer for two-level DAB has been reported by the authors [2]. In this paper, high frequency three-phase transformer for multi-level (3-level) and multi-phase (three-phase) DAB is designed for three-phase multilevel SST. There are two proposed topologies and for each topology the high voltage and high frequency transformer is designed at 3 kHz and 20 kHz. The proposed transformer designs for electromagnetic, thermal and mechanical analysis are validated with the simulation of Finite Element Analysis software.

A novel matrix converter based resonant dual active bridge for V2G applications

Abstract: Dual-active bridges (DABs) can be used to deliver isolated and bidirectional power to electric vehicles (EVs) or to the grid in vehicle-to-grid (V2G) applications. However, such a system essentially requires a two-stage power conversion process, which significantly increases the power losses. Furthermore, the poor power factor associated with DAB converters further reduces the efficiency of such systems. This paper proposes a novel matrix converter based resonant DAB converter that requires only a single-stage power conversion process to facilitate isolated bi-directional power transfer between EVs and the grid. The proposed converter comprises a matrix converter based front end linked with an EV side full-bridge converter through a high frequency isolation transformer and a tuned LCL network. A mathematical model, which predicts the behavior of the proposed system, is presented to show that both the magnitude and direction of the power flow can be controlled through either relative phase angle or magnitude modulation of voltages produced by converters. Viability of the proposed concept is verified through simulations. The proposed matrix converter based DAB, with a single power conversion stage, is low in cost, and suites charging and discharging in single or multiple EVs or V2G applications.

Data acquisition system and analog to digital converter therefor

Abstract: From a plurality of parallel channels of communication, each including a voltage-to-frequency (V/F) converter, a central clock synchronously timed for each channel, the derivation of a train of pulses having a number of pulses representative of the magnitude of an analog signal inputted to the V/F converter. The central clock also times the multiplexing at the measuring point of either the analog input signal or a bias voltage for calibration or a voltage reference for scaling. The central processor receives the counts from each train of pulses, combines them and threats them to provide a corrected count in each channel separately. Clocking and pulsing are effected through an isolation transformer associated with each channel, to and from the central processor.

Multifunction isolation transformer

Abstract: A process transmitter (50) transmits a 4-20 mA current representing a sensed parameter to a loop (52) which energizes the transmitter (50). An output circuit (60) receives energization from the loop (52) and controls the 4-20 mA output as a function of a sensor data input. The output circuit (60) further generates a transformer driver output which also serves as a clock for isolated circuitry (106). A sensor circuit (82) generates a transformer driver output representing the sensed parameter. An isolation transformer (76) driven by the driver output excites the sensor circuit (82) and provides a clock reference as a function of the driver output oscillation to the sensor circuit (82) . The isolation transformer (76) is a single coupling device which couples energization, clock reference, sensor data and programming data across an electrically insulating barrier between the output circuit (50) and the sensor circuit (82).

An improved transformer differential relay

Abstract: POWER TRANSFORMERS usually are protected against damage due to internal faults by percentage differential relays, which compare currents on opposite sides of the transformer. However, when a transformer is energized, there is often an inrush of magnetizing current, which flows in only one winding of the transformer, producing a differential current which tends to operate conventional percentage differential relays. Special means, therefore, are necessary to prevent transformer relays from operating falsely on magnetizing inrush currents.