Showing papers on "Isopimpinellin published in 2016"

Inactivation of plant-pathogenic fungus Colletotrichum acutatum with natural plant-produced photosensitizers under solar radiation.

Abstract: The increasing tolerance to currently used fungicides and the need for environmentally friendly antimicrobial approaches have stimulated the development of novel strategies to control plant-pathogenic fungi such as antimicrobial phototreatment (APT). We investigated the in vitro APT of the plant-pathogenic fungus Colletotrichum acutatum with furocoumarins and coumarins and solar radiation. The compounds used were: furocoumarins 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) and 5,8-dimethoxypsoralen (isopimpinellin), coumarins 2H-chromen-2-one (coumarin), 7-hydroxycoumarin, 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin (citropten) and a mixture (3:1) of 7-methoxycoumarin and 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin. APT of conidia with crude extracts from 'Tahiti' acid lime, red and white grapefruit were also performed. Pure compounds were tested at 50μM concentration and mixtures and extracts at 12.5mgL(-1). The C. acutatum conidia suspension with or without the compounds was exposed to solar radiation for 1h. In addition, the effects of APT on the leaves of the plant host Citrus sinensis were determined. APT with 8-MOP was the most effective treatment, killing 100% of the conidia followed by the mixture of two coumarins and isopimpinellin that killed 99% and 64% of the conidia, respectively. APT with the extracts killed from 20% to 70% of the conidia, and the extract from 'Tahiti' lime was the most effective. No damage to sweet orange leaves was observed after APT with any of the compounds or extracts.

Identification of benzopyrone as a common structural feature in compounds with anti-inflammatory activity in a zebrafish phenotypic screen

Abstract: Neutrophils are essential for host defence and are recruited to sites of inflammation in response to tissue injury or infection. For inflammation to resolve, these cells must be cleared efficiently and in a controlled manner, either by apoptosis or reverse migration. If the inflammatory response is not well-regulated, persistent neutrophils can cause damage to host tissues and contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases, which respond poorly to current treatments. It is therefore important to develop drug discovery strategies that can identify new therapeutics specifically targeting neutrophils, either by promoting their clearance or by preventing their recruitment. Our recent in vivo chemical genetic screen for accelerators of inflammation resolution identified a subset of compounds sharing a common chemical signature, the bicyclic benzopyrone rings. Here, we further investigate the mechanisms of action of the most active of this chemical series, isopimpinellin, in our zebrafish model of neutrophilic inflammation. We found that this compound targets both the recruitment and resolution phases of the inflammatory response. Neutrophil migration towards a site of injury is reduced by isopimpinellin and this occurs as a result of PI3K inhibition. We also show that isopimpinellin induces neutrophil apoptosis to drive inflammation resolution in vivo using a new zebrafish reporter line detecting in vivo neutrophil caspase-3 activity and allowing quantification of flux through the apoptotic pathway in real time. Finally, our studies reveal that clinically available 'cromones' are structurally related to isopimpinellin and have previously undescribed pro-resolution activity in vivo These findings could have implications for the therapeutic use of benzopyrones in inflammatory disease.

In vitro antimicrobial and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of coumarins from Ferulago carduchorum

Abstract: Ferulago carduchorum (Apiaceae) is an endemic plant of Iran. From the hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of F. carduchorum seven coumarins, one flavonoid and one steroid were isolated using column chromatography with silica gel and Sephadex LH20 as the stationary phases. Antimicrobial activity of the isolated compounds was examined by a broth microdilution method. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity of isolated coumarins was also investigated. The isolated compounds were identified as suberosin, suberenol, bergapten, xanthotoxin, isopimpinellin, prantschimgin, β-sitosterol and hesperetin by comparison of their NMR and MS spectral data with those reported in the literature. Evaluation of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for each compound showed that hesperetin (flavonoid) was the most potent antimicrobial agent against a gram-positive bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus) and among the coumarins, bergapten had the best activity against S. aureus and Candida albicans. All coumarins inhibited AchE enzyme, in which xanthotoxin showed the most inhibitory among them (IC50 = 39.64 µM). Our results indicate that isolated coumarins are effective against the tested bacterial strains and have AchE inhibitory activity suggesting their potential for commercial applications.

Cholinesterase, tyrosinase inhibitory and antioxidant potential of randomly selected Umbelliferous plant species and chromatographic profile of Heracleum platytaenium Boiss. and Angelica sylvestris L. var. sylvestris

Abstract: The neurobiological activity of the methanol extracts of thirteen Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) plants was tested against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and tyrosinase (TYR) using a high-throughput screening technique. Although the extracts displayed no to a low inhibition profile against the enzymes, the highest cholinesterase inhibition was observed with Heracleum platytaenium (32.52±3.27 % for AChE and 46.16±1.42 % for BChE) at 100 µg mL-1. Since neurodegeneration is linked to oxidative damage, the antioxidant potential of the extracts were examined through radical sca­veng­ing, metal-chelating capacity, and reducing power experiments and they exerted modest levels of activity varying according to the method. The extracts had a better ability to scavenge the nitric oxide radical (19.47±2.09 to 54.91±1.98 %). Since these species are known to be rich in coumarins, quan­titative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis indicated the presence of xanthotoxin, angelicin, isopimpinellin, bergapten, and pimpinellin in Heracleum platytaenium and angelicin and imperatorin in Angelica syl­vestris var. sylvestris .

In-vitro antibacterial, antifungal, antibiofilm, and antioxidant potentials of isopimpinellin recovered from citrullus colocynthis

Abstract: Objective: The novel molecules recovered from traditional medicinal plants have various biological applications with fewer side effects compared to the synthetic molecules. In this regards, the present study aimed to investigate the antibacterial, antifungal, anti-biofilm and antioxidant properties of novel metabolite isolated from the seeds of Citrullus colocynthis. Methods: The ethyl acetate (EA) extract of C. colocynthis seed was mixed with a different proportion of hexane and Silica gel column packed for the collection of different fractions. The active fractions were checked for its purity by thin layer chromatography and HPLC. The identified single molecule was further characterized using IR, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR and mass spectral analysis. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the compound was determined using broth microdilution method. A fungal biomass inhibition effect, the anti-biofilm and anti-oxidant property of the compound was evaluated. Results: Purification of the EA extract by Silica gel column guided to identify active antimicrobial metabolite containing fractions. Further separation technique and spectroscopic analysis lead to confirm the novel molecule isopimpinellin with the molecular formula C 13 H 10 O 5 . The identified metabolite revealed promising antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis (100 µg/ml) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (75 µg/ml); whereas Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans documented the MIC values of 150 µg/ml and 75 µg/ml respectively. Fungal biomass inhibition effect study further proved the antifungal activity of the compounds against the filamentous fungal strains. In addition, the compound showed promising anti-biofilm activity against the uropathogenic strain such as Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Interestingly the antioxidant properties of the compound were an advantage. Both anti-biofilm and antioxidant activities were dose dependent. Conclusion: Novel isopimpinellin with different biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antibiofilm and antioxidant properties would be helpful in minimizing the spreading of pathogenic microorganisms or preventing stress-related diseases. Keywords: Citrullus colocynthis, Isopimpinellin, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antibiofilm, Antioxidant

Application of isopimpinellin

Abstract: The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine and discloses application of isopimpinellin to protecting renal injury cells. A safe and effective drug use selection for preventing renal injuries is provided for clinical operation. Isopimpinellin in a safe dose can effectively protect renal injury cells, can be further developed into a renal injury protective drug and has wide application prospects.