Showing papers on "Isopropyl alcohol published in 1978"
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21 Jun 1978
TL;DR: A composition and method for cleaning tanks for drinking water, particularly for removing deposits consisting mainly of an agglomerate of algae, microorganisms and ochre sediments, is described in this article.
Abstract: A composition and method for cleaning tanks for drinking water, particularly for removing deposits consisting mainly of an agglomerate of algae, microorganisms and ochre sediments. The composition is an aqueous solution comprising about 3 to 6% of ascobic acid, 2 to 3% of formic acid, 7 to 10% of phosphoric acid, 1 to 3% of citric acid, 13 to 15% of hydrochloric acid and 10 to 15% of an aqueous isopropyl alcohol (all % by weight). The method involves spraying said aqueous solution under pressure onto the deposits.
42 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the reaction mechanism of propylene oxidation to acetone over SnO 2 MoO 3 catalyst has been investigated in terms of the kinetics at 130 °C.
19 citations
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TL;DR: To the Editor.
Abstract: To the Editor.— Dr Berlin stated in his excellent editorial (Archives137:993-994, 1977) that "cyanide intoxication and diabetes mellitus" may be "the only two major clinical situations with very high levels of serum acetone and acetone bodies." Isopropyl alcohol (isopropanol) intoxication also causes high concentrations of blood acetone and is about ten times more common at our institution (Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland) than treatable cyanide poisoning. Isopropyl alcohol is metabolized to acetone by liver alcohol dehydrogenase, and the acetone is metabolized and excreted by the kidneys and lungs.1Urine and blood tests for acetone become strongly positive after isopropyl alcohol ingestion, though acidosis is uncommon. Ashkar and Miller2described two diabetic patients who were "alcohol" abusers; they had persistent ketosis without acidosis, which resolved after eliminating their access to rubbing alcohol. The high concentrations of acetone are a reflection of the relative nontoxicity of isopropyl alcohol—blood concentrations
17 citations
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27 Oct 1978TL;DR: In this paper, the preparation of p-aminophenol by the catalytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene in an acid reaction medium containing an aqueous isopropyl alcohol solution of trimethyldodecylammonium chloride leads to the formation of chloro- and isOPropoxyaniline impurities These end up in the byproduct aniline.
Abstract: The preparation of p-aminophenol by the catalytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene in an acid reaction medium containing an aqueous isopropyl alcohol solution of trimethyldodecylammonium chloride leads to the formation of chloro- and isopropoxyaniline impurities These end up in the by-product aniline The substitution of dimethyldodecylamine sulfate for the quaternary salt eliminates these impurities without significant adverse effect on the yield, production rate or purity of the p-aminophenol
12 citations
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11 Aug 1978
TL;DR: In this article, a novel process for producing pyruvic acid is provided in which process hydroxyacetone is oxidized with a molecular oxygen-containing gas in a water-containing or aqueous solvent in the presence of a catalyst.
Abstract: A novel process for producing pyruvic acid is provided in which process hydroxyacetone is oxidized with a molecular oxygen-containing gas in a water-containing or aqueous solvent in the presence of a catalyst. The catalysts useful for the above oxidation reaction are those which composed of either at least one platinum group metal selected from the group consisting of platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, and, rhenium, or the at least one platinum group metals admixed with at least one elements selected from the group consisting of silver, tellurium, tin, bismuth, lead and indium or with the compound of the at least one element. The resulting pyruvate can be effectively isolated in the form of a solid by concentrating the reaction solution and adding the concentrate to isopropyl alcohol.
11 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, photo-oxygenation in methanol of 7-methoxy-6-methyl-9-oxo-9H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]indole was carried out.
Abstract: Photo-oxygenation in methanol of 7-methoxy-6-methyl-9-oxo-9H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]indole (10), prepared from 2-bromo-5-methoxy-4-methylbenzaldehyde (5)via 2-(2-bromo-5-methoxy-4-methylbenzoyl)pyrrole (8), formed (±)-9,9a-dihydro-3α-hydroperoxy-9-oxo-7,9aβ-dimethoxy-6-methyl-3H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]indole (14) and the (±)-3α-hydroxy-compound (16). The corresponding 9a-ethoxy-(20) and 9a-isopropyloxy-derivatives (21) were obtained from the photo-oxygenation of compound (10) in ethanol and isopropyl alcohol, respectively. The dye-sensitized photo-oxygenation of 9-oxo-6,7-dimethoxy-9H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]indole (11) was also carried out in methanol.
10 citations
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TL;DR: A linear Hammett correlation was reported for the reduction of substituted benzaldehydes by isopropyl alcohol catalyzed by alumina containing 2.2% (by weight) sodium ions, at 300 °C in the vapor phase as mentioned in this paper.
8 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a photochemical reaction of 2-oxo-1-cyclohexanecarboxylate (3) in methanol gave ethyl methyl heptanedioate, trans-and cis-ethyl 7-oxoxo,2-heptenoate, and ethyl 7-oxide-3-heptonenoate in 25, 7, 8, and 21% yields, respectively.
Abstract: Photochemical reaction of ethyl 2-oxo-1-cyclohexanecarboxylate (3) in methanol gave ethyl methyl heptanedioate, trans- and cis-ethyl 7-oxo-2-heptenoate, and ethyl 7-oxo-3-heptenoate in 25, 7, 8, and 21% yields, respectively. Photochemical reactions of 3 in ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, and t-butyl alcohol gave the corresponding ω-alkoxycarbonyl esters. Other 2-(alkoxycarbonyl)-cyclopentanones and -cycloheptanone underwent similar reactions to give the corresponding ω-alkoxycarbonyl esters. Photochemical reactions of 2-cyanocyclohexanones in methanol similarly gave ω-cyano esters and ω-formyl α,β-unsaturated nitriles. However, photochemical reactions of 2-(phenylthio)- and 2-(methylthio)cyclohexanones in methanol did not give the corresponding ω-phenylthio or ω-methylthio carboxylic acid esters, products resulting from a preferential cleavage of a carbon-sulfur bond being obtained.
7 citations
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TL;DR: The formal kinetics of the rearrangement of triphenyl(triphenylsilylperoxy)germane in the presence of catalytic amounts of potassium cyanide in THF solution and in a benzene/isopropyl alcohol mixture has been studied in this paper.
7 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the surface area of Mn-N calcined at 200/sup 0.300 m/g was approx. 300m/g, and it decreased at higher calcination temperatures.
7 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors showed that hydrogen transfer to the zone of cyclopentadiene through a membrane catalyst from a Pd alloy with 10 vol. % Ru increases the rate and selectivity of hydrogenation tocyclopentene.
Abstract: 1. 1. Hydrogen transfer to the zone of hydrogenation of cyclopentadiene through a membrane catalyst from a Pd alloy with 10 vol. % Ru increases the rate and selectivity of hydrogenation to cyclopentene, compared with the experiment carried out at the same temperature and partial reagent pressure, but without hydrogen transfer to the membrane catalyst. 2. 2. Joining dehydrogenation of isopropyl alcohol and hydrogenation of cyclopentadiene increases even more the rate of both reactions, the selectivity of conversion of cyclopentadiene to cyclopentene and increases the amount of hydrogen formed during dehydrogenation of alcohol that is passed through the membrane.
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TL;DR: Pyridine-2-carbaldehyde and formylferrocene were reduced with 1-benzyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide and zinc acetate in isopropyl alcohol at 50°C as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Pyridine-2-carbaldehyde and formylferrocene were reduced with 1-benzyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide and zinc acetate in isopropyl alcohol at 50°C. The reactions were promoted when the quantity of Zn2+ added was increased. No reduction was observed with Pt(II) or Ni(II). Ternary complex as an intermediate was implied.
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TL;DR: In this paper, two mechanisms were proposed for the cooxidation of oxalic acid and isopropyl alcohol by chromium(VI) and the results of the /sup 13/C-isotope effect studies on the mechanism demonstrate the presence of a significant carbon isotope effect.
Abstract: Two mechanisms are proposed for the cooxidation of oxalic acid and isopropyl alcohol by chromium(VI). The results of the /sup 13/C-isotope effect studies on the mechanism demonstrate the presence of a significant carbon isotope effect. This /sup 13/C-isotope effect together with a previously established deuterium isotope effect is taken as providing compelling evidence for the synchronous C--H and C--C bond breaking and thus for a three electron mechanism in the cooxidation reaction. (BLM)
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04 Feb 1978
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used isopropyl alcohol as a solvent having a specific effect to the reaction of nitrobenzenes with caustic alkali, and obtained the highly pure title compound as crystals.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To prepare the highly pure title compound as crystals by the reaction of nitrobenzenes with caustic alkali using isopropyl alcohol as a solvent having a specific effect to the reaction.
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25 Aug 1978
TL;DR: In this article, a developing soulution prepared by adding choline halide as an alkali component to ethyl alcohol, and isopropyl alcohol as a rinse solution was used.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain high sensitivity and high resolution, by using a developing soulution prepared by adding choline halide as an alkali component to ethyl alcohol, and isopropyl alcohol as a rinse solution.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the rhodium-complex catalysed carbonylation of secondary alcohols, exemplified by isopropyl alcohol, has been investigated, and the dependence of rate on reaction parameters is in accord with the previous suggested mechanism for the primary alcohols.
Abstract: The rhodium-complex catalysed carbonylation of secondary alcohols, exemplified by isopropyl alcohol, has been investigated. The dependence of rate on reaction parameters is in accord with the previous suggested mechanism for the carbonylation of primary alcohols. The thermodynamic activation parameters differ markedly from the corresponding values for primary alcohols.The ratio between the two carbonylation products, n- and iso-butyric acid, is given as a function of reaction conditions.
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TL;DR: The uncatalyzed and oxalic acid catalyzed modification of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with aluminium isopropoxide have been studied for reaction in a suspension of powdered PVA in boiling benzene as discussed by the authors.
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TL;DR: In this article, Steroidal 3,17- and 3,20-diones are selectively hydrogenated at C-3 to give the corresponding 3-axial-hydroxy ketones in high yields.
Abstract: Hydrogenation of unhindered cyclohexanones with rhodium catalyst in isopropyl alcohol or tetrahydrofuran in the presence of hydrochloric acid gives excellent yields of axial alcohols. Steroidal 3,17- and 3,20-diones are selectively hydrogenated at C-3 to give the corresponding 3-axial-hydroxy ketones in high yields.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a photochemical reaction of 2-oxo-1-cyclohexanecarboxylate (3) in methanol gave ethyl methyl heptanedioate, trans-and cis-ethyl 7-oxoxo,2-heptenoate, and ethyl 7-oxide-3-heptonenoate in 25, 7, 8, and 21% yields, respectively.
Abstract: Photochemical reaction of ethyl 2-oxo-1-cyclohexanecarboxylate (3) in methanol gave ethyl methyl heptanedioate, trans- and cis-ethyl 7-oxo-2-heptenoate, and ethyl 7-oxo-3-heptenoate in 25, 7, 8, and 21% yields, respectively. Photochemical reactions of 3 in ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, and t-butyl alcohol gave the corresponding ω-alkoxycarbonyl esters. Other 2-(alkoxycarbonyl)-cyclopentanones and -cycloheptanone underwent similar reactions to give the corresponding ω-alkoxycarbonyl esters. Photochemical reactions of 2-cyanocyclohexanones in methanol similarly gave ω-cyano esters and ω-formyl α,β-unsaturated nitriles. However, photochemical reactions of 2-(phenylthio)- and 2-(methylthio)cyclohexanones in methanol did not give the corresponding ω-phenylthio or ω-methylthio carboxylic acid esters, products resulting from a preferential cleavage of a carbon-sulfur bond being obtained.