Showing papers on "Isopropyl alcohol published in 1979"

A new method for the determination of the relative acidities of alcohols in alcoholic solutions. The nucleophilicities and competitive reactivities of alkoxides and phenoxides

Abstract: A new semiquantitative method has been developed for measuring the relative acidities of methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, and tert-butyl alcohol in mixed hydroxylic solvents. A solution of the...

Substitutive additives for isopropyl alcohol in fountain solution for lithographic offset printing

Abstract: A fountain solution for use with a lithographic offset printing press is prepared by admixing fountain etch constituents, water and between about 0.5 and 5 percent by volume of a substitutive additive for isopropyl alcohol. The additive or replacement may be a Carbitol or Cellosolve derivative or mixtures of Cellosolve or Carbitol derivatives, such as phenyl glycol ethers or other organic non-ionic compounds, as for example, n-hexoxyglycol (n-hexyl Cellosolve), n-hexoxydiethylene glycol, (n-hexyl Carbitol), 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, n-butoxyethylene glycolacetate, n-butoxy-diethyleneglycolacetate, and 3-butoxy-2 propanol. The fountain solution free is isopropyl alcohol does not have the adverse toxic and flammable properties of prior art fountain solutions containing isopropyl alcohol.

An association of upper respiratory cancer with exposure to diethyl sulfate.

Abstract: A morbidity and mortality study of workers at an alcohol manufacturing plant which included several weak acid isopropyl alcohol units and a strong acid ethanol unit is described. An excess mortality of upper respiratory cancer was found and associated with work on the strong acid ethanol unit. The strong acid ethanol process used resulted in high concentrations of diethyl sulfate, which has been shown to be carcinogenic in animals, and the unit, which closed on 1975, had significant opportunities for worker exposure to diethyl sulfate. These facts, plus previous reports of excess upper respiratory cancer on strong acid isopropyl alcohol units with similarly high concentrations of the animal carcinogen diisopropyl sulfate, lead to the tentative conclusion that diethyl sulfate was primarily responsible for the ethanol unit cancer cases. In the modern weak acid isopropyl alcohol plants, where only trace amounts of diisopropyl sulfate are present and exposures are much lower, the problems found on the old strong acid units do not exist.

PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS OF N-ALKYL- AND N-ALLYL-o-SULFOBENZIMIDES

Abstract: Photolysis of N-alkyl-o-sulfobenzimides 1 in isopropyl alcohol or in benzene was investigated. N-Alkylbenzamides 2 were the major product in isopropyl alcohol, while N-alkyl-o-phenylbenzamides 9 were formed in good yield in benzene. A reaction mechanism involving the homolysis of the N–S bond in 1 followed by the elimination of sulfur dioxide is proposed.

Liquid agent for external use

Abstract: PURPOSE: A liquid agent for external use in the form a stable solution, having excellent absorption, and consisting of Indomethacin and specified solvents. CONSTITUTION: A liquid agent for external use consisting of Indomethacin and a lower alcohol, e.g. isopropyl alcohol, and/or acetone, a glycol, e.g. polyethylene glycol, and/or an ester thereof, e.g. polyethylene glycol monolaurate, and water as solvents. Althrough only a little soluble in water, Indomethacin is dissolved stably in the solvents of the composition, and has an excellent feeling of use and a sufficient drug action as a nonteroidal antiphlogistic and analgesic agent. COPYRIGHT: (C)1981,JPO&Japio

Improving odor of isopropanol

Abstract: Methods for deodorizing lower alcohols such as ethanol and isopropyl alcohol and their oxy derivatives such as ethers and esters are disclosed, including contacting these compounds with a deodorizing contact mass comprising, on a support, metals and/or metal oxides, preferably of the metals of Group IB, VIB and VIII of the Periodic Table, where the metal oxides are at least partially reduced to metal and the deodorizing contact mass has a minimum particle dimension of greater than about 0.254 mm so as to be in a form suitable for use in a fixed bed contacting process. In a preferred embodiment, isopropyl alcohol is deodorized employing such deodorizing contact masses, preferably comprising Group VIII metals such as nickel, iron, cobalt and the like, on a support, so that the contact mass has a surface area less than about 1,500 m 2 per gram. Overall isopropyl alcohol finishing procedures are also disclosed employing such deodorizing methods in combination with extractive distillation procedures to produce a high grade, e.g., 91%, and/or anhydrous grade isopropyl alcohol from a crude isopropyl alcohol stream containing more than about 0.0005 percent water.

Process for producing salts of pyruvic acid

Abstract: A salt of pyruvic acid is formed by oxidizing a salt of lactic acid with an oxygen-containing gas in a water-containing solvent in the presence of a catalyst. The catalyst used herein comprises (a) at least one component selected from platinum and palladium and (b) at least one component selected from lead, tin, tellurium, indium, bismuth, and compounds of these elements. The resulting pyruvate is isolated in the form of a solid by concentrating the catalyst-free reaction mixture and then mixing isopropyl alcohol therewith.

Liquid phase oxidation of propane

Abstract: A process for the oxidation of propane is disclosed. The process comprises contracting oxygen with a liquid reaction medium comprising propane and a liquid organic material that is a solvent for propane and which is non-reactive with oxygen under the conditions of the process. The process is carried out under superatmospheric pressure, at an elevated temperature, and for a period of time sufficient to produce oxygenated products, including one or more of acetone and isopropyl alcohol. 1.

The Oxidation Activity and Acid-Base Properties of CO3O4–V2O5 and CO3O4–MoO3 Systems

Abstract: The acidity and basicity of Co3O4–V2O5 and Co3O4–MoO3 systems, with different compositions, were measured by means of the adsorption of NH3, pyridine, and CO2. The values of acidity were also confirmed by studying the catalytic activity for acid-catalyzed reactions, such as the dehydration of isopropyl alcohol and the isomerization of 1-butene. With the addition of V2O5 or MoO3, the basicity rapidly decreases and the acidity gradually increases. The catalytic activity for the oxidation of hexane is well correlated with the basicity of the catalysts. With the Co3O4-rich catalysts, V/(Co+V) or Mo/(Co+Mo) 0.6, show a good selectivity for the maleic anhydride formation. The Co3O4-containing catalysts, regardless of the composition, are not effective for the selective oxidation of butene to butadiene. In the oxidation of methanol, the Co3O4-rich catalysts give only C...

Acidic Property and Oxidation Activity of MoO3-V2O5-P2O5 Ternary Oxides

Abstract: The relationship between the acid-base properties and the oxidation activity of a series of ternary oxide catalysts, MoO3–V2O5–P2O5, with different V/Mo composition and a constant phosphorus content, P/(Mo+V)=0.1, was investigated. The acidity was determined by means of the NH3 adsorption and by studying the catalytic activity for acid-catalyzed reactions, such as dehydration of isopropyl alcohol and isomerization of 1-butene, in the presence of an excess of air. A new acidic site is generated by the combination of two binary oxides, i.e., MoO3–P2O5 and V2O5–P2O5, and a broad maximum in the acidity occurs at V/(Mo+V)=0.4–0.9. The basic property is so small that no satisfactory data can be obtained from the adsorption of acidic molecules such as CO2, SO2, and acetic acid. The catalysts, regardless of composition, are inactive for reactions which are accelerated by basic sites, such as oxidative dehydrogenation of isopropyl alcohol to acetone, oxidative decomposition of formic acid to CO2, and oxidation of ...

Drying method for semiconductor wafer

Abstract: PURPOSE:To prevent the adhesion of pollutants by a method wherein a semiconductor wafer after washing it by water is immersed in alcohol, and dried with isopropyl alcohol vapor or freon vapor or by means of spin. CONSTITUTION:A cohesion adhering phenomenon of organic matter happens because water is repelled and waterdrops are easy to be formed in concave portions when the surface of a wafer is hydrophobic. Thus, it is preferable that the wafer is washed by water and immersed in alcohol, waterdrops on the surface are replaced with alcohol, and the whole surface is rapidly dried under a condition that is moistened with alcohol. As drying methods, drying by isopropyl alcohol vapor is optimum, but drying by freon vapor or drying by means of spin is also effective. As alcohol after wahsing by water, isopropyl alcohol and ethyl alcohol are adequate, and methyl alcohol easy to volatilize is inadequate. This constitution can improve the characteristics of a semiconductor device because pollution due to impurities is prevented.

Method of preparation of isopropyl 4,10-dihydro-10-oxothieno[3,2-c][1]benzoxepin-8-acetate

Abstract: Isopropyl 4,10-dihydro-10-oxothieno[3,2-c][1]benzoxepin-8-acetate is synthesized from 4-(2-carboxy-3-thienylmethoxy)phenylacetic acid by a process comprising acid halide formation, ring closure catalyzed by aluminum trihalide and esterification with isopropyl alcohol. The three reaction steps are carried out successively in the same reactor without any isolation or purification of intermediate products and a surprisingly high overall yield is obtained. Additionally, a valuable chemical, aluminum isopropoxide is obtained as a by-product of this process and significant advantages in terms of environmental pollution and waste water costs are achieved.

Production of hydroxypropylcellulose

Abstract: PURPOSE:The reaction of a specific cellulose with propylene oxide gives high-purity hydroxypropylcellulose in high yield. CONSTITUTION:To a mixture consisting of 100 parts by wt of powdery cellulose with an average particle size of less than 0.2 mm and 20-300 parts of a hydrophilic organic solvent as isopropyl alcohol, tert.-butanol are sprayed a 5-30% aqeous solution of an alkali metal hydroxide in an amount 0.2-1.0 mole per one glucose unit in cellulose within 20 minutes - 2 hours and the reaction is effected below 20 deg.C to form alkali cellulose. Then the etherification with propylene oxide is conducted at 55-75 deg.C for 5-10 hours and the reaction mixture is poured into hot water higher than 85 deg.C, neutralized, geled, and purified.

Composition for twoophase cosmetics

Abstract: PURPOSE:To provide a composition for two-phase cosmetics, which can be converted to O/W-type cosmetics by shaking, mainly composed of specific amounts of a higher alcolol, ethyl alcohol and/or isopropyl alcohol, and water. CONSTITUTION:A composition composed of (A) 20-70 wt%, pref. 30-60 wt% of a 16-24C higher liquid alcohol such as 2-hexyldecanol, 2-heptylundecanol, etc., (B) 10-60 wt%, pref. 15-55 wt% of ethyl alcohol and/or isopropyl alcohol, (C) 10-50 wt%, pref. 15-45 wt% of water, and (D) arbitrary amounts of perfumery, oil-soluble dye, etc. The feeling of the composition when applied to the skin, is properly controlled by adding about <=7.5 wt%, pref. 5-10 wt% of an ester oil, liquid hydrocarbon, liquid vegetable oil, etc. to the composition.

Photochemical effects in a high-power flashlamp-pumped laser utilizing solutions of rhodamine 6G in isopropyl alcohol

Abstract: The energy and shape of the output pulses from flashlamp-pumped solutions of rhodamine 6G in isopropyl alcohol were investigated experimentally as a function of the serial number of a pulse. The output energy obtained on excitation via a glass filter first increased from one pulse to another and then began to fall. When the pump energy was 10 kJ per pulse, the output energy increased by a factor of 1.5–2 by the eighth pulse, whereas in the case of ethyl alcohol solutions the output energy fell monotonically to zero in four pulses. The stability of rhodamine 6G solutions in isopropyl alcohol exposed to light was an order of magnitude higher than in ethyl alcohol.

Isolation of pyruvic acid

Abstract: PURPOSE:To an aqueous solution of pyruvate salt resulting from the catalytic oxidation of hydroxyacetone is added isopropyl alcohol to crystallize out the pyruvate salt, which is separated by filtration, thus producing high-purity pyruvate salt. CONSTITUTION:Hydroxyacetone in an aqueous solution is oxidized with an oxygen- containing gas in the presence of a catalyst to form pyruvic acid, to which an alkali substance is gradually added to obtain a pyruvate salt. After separation of the catalyst from the aqueous solution, isopropyl alcohol is added to crystallize out the pyruvate salt, which is simultaneously removed from the by-product, acetate salt, thus giving high-purity pyruvate salt. The amount of isopropyl alcohol used is 2- 10, preferably 4-6 parts by volume per one part of the aqueous solution. As isopropyl alcohol fairly dissolves acetate salts, the use of isopropyl alcohol permits simultaneous separation of acetate salt.

Dipyrazolinyl-substituted 1,4-distyrylbenzenes

Abstract: A number of dipyrazolinyl-substituted 1,4-distyryl- and 1,4-distyryl-2-methylbenzenes — new luminophores that have intense yellow-green luminescence — were obtained by the Wittig reaction by refluxing 1-(4-formylphenyl)-3-aryl-5-phenyl-2-pyrazolines and aromatic bisphosphonium salts in isopropyl alcohol in the presence of sodium isopropoxide. The low reactivities of the aldehydes used and the predominant formation of trans isomers in the Wittig reaction are noted. Data from the IR and electronic absorption spectra and the fluorescence spectra of the synthesized compounds are presented.

Causes of Hyperketonemia-Reply

Abstract: In Reply.— Dr Spencer is correct in that patients with ketonuria by the nitroprusside reaction may have ingested large quantities of isopropyl alcohol. Isopropyl alcohol is metabolized by alcohol dehydrogenase. 1 A recent publication by Van de Graaf and Thompson 2 indicates that isopropyl alcohol intoxication is not an uncommon clinical condition in a large community hospital. This cause of hyperketonemia should be added to the table in our article. Thus, isopropyl alcohol intoxication results in a positive nitroprusside reaction, a normal blood pH, and euglycemia; the treatment would be to remove isopropyl alcohol from the circulation. The fact that cyanide intoxication may also induce ketosis has been reported, but the mechanisms of this unusual event are less clear.

Synthesis of α-dicarbonyl compounds from N-acyl α-aminoketones

Abstract: Samples ofα-dicarbonyl compounds isolated in the form of dioximes or nickel complexes of these dioximes were obtained upon the bromination of N-acyl-α-aminoketones in isopropyl alcohol or concentrated hydrochloric acid and also of the enolacetates of N,N-diacyl-α-aminoketones in methanol.