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Showing papers on "Isopropyl alcohol published in 1984"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe a photoassisted catalytic oxidation of uranyl-exchanged zeolites with solutions of isopropyl alcohol and acetonitrile.
Abstract: Suspensions of uranyl-exchanged zeolites mixed with solutions of isopropyl alcohol and acetonitrile undergo selective photocatalytic conversion of the alcohol to acetone. The photoassisted catalytic oxidation is sustained for over 300 h. Bulk photolysis experiments show that aging does occur. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy experiments indicate the uranyl ions on the surface are slightly reduced with respect to the bulk. Luminescence lifetime measurements yield a range of long-lived components between 10 and 700 ..mu..s for the different zeolites. Quenching experiments show that the shortest lived components of crystalline uranyl-exchanged zeolites are responsible for this conversion to acetone. Liquid nitrogen and liquid helium temperature luminescence emission spectra show splitting of the vibrational rotational fine structure as the temperature is diminished. These splittings are indicative of site symmetry, and in the case of the uranyl-exchanged HZSM-5 with the isopropyl alcohol mixture, evidence is presented that the isopropyl alcohol binds to the excited uranyl ion. The nature of the active site and factors that are important in the mechanism of this reaction are described.

52 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: High levels of blood acetone could result in transformation to isopropyl alcohol, according to this hypothesis, which was investigated in a study of normal and diabetic rats.
Abstract: Isopropyl alcohol and acetone have been detected in autopsy blood samples of individuals not previously exposed to these compounds. Since some of these individuals had a history of diabetes mellitus, it has been suggested that in these cases, reduction of acetone to isopropyl alcohol might be a metabolic pathway for its production. This hypothesis was investigated in a study of normal and diabetic rats. Acute administration of acetone resulted in measureable levels of isopropyl alcohol in blood. Metabolism of acetone to isopropyl alcohol was different in normal and diabetic animals. Blood levels of isopropanol reached a maximum at the second highest dose in normal rats, but there was a two-phase response in diabetic rats. In a second series of experiments, acetone was administered on alternate days for a week. In spite of this chronie administration (and persistence of high blood acetone), there was no enhancement of acetone metabolism to isopropyl alcohol. These experiments indicate that high levels of blood acetone could result in transformation to isopropyl alcohol.

49 citations


Patent
04 Oct 1984
TL;DR: A liquid phase cleaner-solvent consisting essentially of from about 50% to about 90% by weight of water, less than 10% of sodium chloride, from about 1/2 to 1% to approximately 10% by value of coconut amide and a process for removing oxidation from metal surfaces using the liquid-phase cleaner solvents is described in this paper.
Abstract: A liquid phase cleaner-solvent consisting essentially of from about 50% to about 90% by weight of water, less than 10% by weight of sodium chloride, from about 1/2 to 1% to about 10% by weight of coconut amide, from about 1/2 of 1% to about 8% by weight of a tall oil fatty acid, from about 1% to about 15% by weight of isopropyl alcohol and from about 5% to about 40% by weight of propylene carbonate and a process for removing oxidation from metal surfaces using the liquid phase cleaner-solvent.

37 citations


Patent
20 Jul 1984
TL;DR: The quaternary ammonium salt having formula (I) is a fabric softening compound that is soluble in water and/or isopropyl alcohol to form a true solution, wherein the compound is clear and colorless at 70oF as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: A novel composition of matter, the quaternary ammonium salt having formula (I), wherein X- is Cl-, I-, Br-, or OSO3CH3-, which forms a fabric softening compound that is soluble in water and/or isopropyl alcohol to form a true solution, wherein the compound is clear and colorless at 70oF. The compound remains as a solution in water even at composition/water weight ratios of 75:25.

20 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
01 Apr 1984-Talanta
TL;DR: The use of 1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone as an acid-base indicator in isopropyl alcohol medium is proposed and the sharpness of the indicator transition is described by means of complementary chromaticity parameters.

15 citations


Patent
12 Jul 1984
TL;DR: Pancreatin with high apparent density can be obtained by autolysis of an aqueous suspension of pancreatic tissue, removing fibres, water and fats, precipitating it and drying the precipitate as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Pancreatin with high apparent density can be obtained by autolysis of an aqueous suspension of pancreatic tissue, removing fibres, water and fats, precipitating it and drying the precipitate, and by the precipitated pancreatin being adjusted by stirring with isopropyl alcohol or acetone to a concentration between 70 and 85% isopropanol or 80 to 95% acetone, being removed by filtration with suction or centrifugation, and dried, treating with dry air or nitrogen.

13 citations


Patent
13 Jan 1984
TL;DR: In this paper, a polymeric coating composition containing nitrocellulose, an acrylate copolymer, a prepolymer from a dimer diisocyanate and a difunctional monomer with an active hydrogen in each group, and a diamine.
Abstract: A polymeric coating composition containing nitrocellulose, an acrylate copolymer, a prepolymer from a dimer diisocyanate and a difunctional monomer with an active hydrogen in each group, and a diamine. Solvents may include isopropyl alcohol, ethyl acetate, and toluene. Optionally there may be included a second copolymer from a sulfinamide and formaldehyde and/or a plasticizer. A dried coating from this composition is selectively strippable from a substrate as a cohesive film upon application of a remover solution containing acetone, isopropyl alcohol and water.

10 citations


Patent
07 Sep 1984
TL;DR: In this paper, a process for the hydration of lower olefins to a corresponding alcohol by reacting the olefs with water in the presence of a solid perfluorinated sulfonic superacid catalyst is described.
Abstract: A process for the hydration of lower olefins to a corresponding alcohol by reacting the olefins with water in the presence of a solid perfluorinated sulfonic superacid catalyst.

9 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, coal was extracted with benzene or alcohol-benzene mixtures at room temperature and the results showed that smaller alcohols may permeate into the pores of the coals more extensively and cause greater swelling than larger alcohols.
Abstract: Coals were extracted with alcohol–benzene mixtures at room temperature For coals of high oxygen content, Yallourn and Taiheiyo coals, the extraction yields for the mixtures were much greater than those for alcohols and benzene alone This synergistic effect was more marked for less bulky alcohols: The order was methanol>ethanol>isopropyl alcohol>t-butyl alcohol The degree of swelling and the apparent density of the coals in alcohols were measured The results show that smaller alcohols may permeate into pores of the coals more extensively and cause greater swelling than larger alcohols It is reasonable to consider that this swelling of the coals then facilitates the extraction with benzene or alcohol–benzene mixtures, which are better solvents in solubility for coal molecules than alcohols For Shin-yubari coal having low oxygen content, no such a synergistic effect was observed, probably due to the lower degree of swelling of this coal

8 citations


Patent
21 Sep 1984
TL;DR: In this article, a water-miscible organic solvent (e.g., methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, acetone, etc.) containing an acid was added to an aqueous solution of pectin.
Abstract: PURPOSE: To purify pectin, with simple operation, suppressing the abnormal viscosity increase, by adding a water-miscible organic solvent containing an acid to an aqueous solution of pectin to effect the precipitation of pectin. CONSTITUTION: A water-miscible organic solvent (e.g. methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, acetone, etc.) containing an acid (e.g. an inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, etc.) at a concentration of preferably 0.05W1.0N is added to an aqueous solution of pectin prepared by extracting pectin from a pectin-containing vegetable (e.g. peel of citrus fruit) and removing the insoluble component from the extract. Pectin is precipitated in purified state by this process. As an alternative method, the precipitate obtained by the addition of a water-miscible organic solvent to the above aqueous solution of pectin is treated with a water-miscible organic solvent containing an acid to obtain purified pectin. COPYRIGHT: (C)1986,JPO&Japio

Patent
Henri C. Rothlisberger1
03 Feb 1984
TL;DR: In this article, a process for producing isopropyl alcohol and useful by-products from cellulosic substrates without utilizing toxic acids is presented, which comprises the steps of: (1) digesting cellulosics substrates in a heated solution of sodium carbonate; (2) digested the cellulosica product of step (1), in heated solution containing isopric alcohol or aluminum isoproylate together with sodium acetate and optionally, acetic acid, to produce a biomass and a black liquid of saturated acyclic hydrocarbons; mixing
Abstract: A process for producing isopropyl alcohol and useful by-products from cellulosic substrates without utilizing toxic acids. This process comprises the steps of: (1) digesting cellulosic substrates in a heated solution of sodium carbonate; (2) digesting the cellulosic product of step (1) in a heated solution containing isopropyl alcohol or aluminum isopropylate together with sodium acetate and optionally, acetic acid, to produce a biomass and a black liquid of saturated acyclic hydrocarbons; (3) mixing the biomass of step (2) with amylolytic enzymes or with xylophagous bacteria to initiate fermentation of the biomass; (4) adding the black liquid of step (2) together with basic aluminate acetate and a mixture of formaldehyde and phenol or sulfonated phenol to the mixture of step (3) and heating the resulting mixture to a temperature ranging between 120° to 160° C. under a pressure ranging between 1.5 and 45 kg/cm 2 until isopropyl alcohol is produced.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, N-Aminophthalimide (I) reacted in refluxing isopropyl alcohol with a number of isothiocyanates to give the related 1:1 addition products, N-(3-substitutedthioureido)phthalimides III.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The photolysis of 1-methyl-1-(trimethylsilyl)dibenzosilole (I) and 1-phenyl-1-trimethyldibenzille (II) has been investigated in this article.

Patent
25 Jun 1984
TL;DR: In this paper, a titled modifier which has excellent rigidity, is stable against heat and light and has good compatibility with vinyl polymers, by radical-polymerizing diisopropyl fumarate is presented.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To provide the titled modifier which has excellent rigidity, is stable against heat and light and has good compatibility with vinyl polymers, by radical-polymerizing diisopropyl fumarate. CONSTITUTION:Fumaric acid is reacted with isopropyl alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst such as sulfuric acid or a strongly acidic ion exchange resin under heating. The resulting diisopropyl fumarate is polymerized in the presence of a radical polymn. initiator such as azobisisobutyronitrile in an inert gas atmosphere at 40-120 deg.C to obtain a modifier composed of a high-molecular compd. which does not contain nitrogen atoms and whose main chain is composed of only a carbon-to-carbon bond chain. EFFECT:This modifier can be dissolved in polar and nonpolar solvents and has desirable low flexing properties and higher glass transition temp. and softening temp. than those of conventional vinyl polymers.

Patent
27 Mar 1984
TL;DR: In this paper, a case surface is covered with a mixture of a specified compound, heating it for cross-link curing, to form a film, and a silicone block copolymer is added to prepare a treating solution, which is then coated over the case.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To provide a case with superior surface hardness, wear resistance, chemical resistance, corrosion resistance, weather resistance, etc., by coating a case surface with a mixture which contains a specified compound, heating it for cross-link curing, to form a film. CONSTITUTION:One kind of the compounds among a silicide containing an epoxy group or its partial hydrolysate shown by a formula 1, a silicide or its partial hydrolysate shown by a formula 2, a halide, an oxyhalide, or a metallic alcoholate of the atoms in the group IV of the periodic table, and a metallic chelated compound having a ligand is used. Then, 88pts. gamma glycidoxy propyl trimethoxy silane and 80pts. tetramethoxy silane are dissolved in 100pts. isopropyl alcohol and a 50pts. solution of 0.05N hydrochloric acid is added and stirred for partial hydrolysis; and aging is carried out and 0.3pts. Sncl2 and a silicone block copolymer are added to prepare a treating solution, which is coated over the case and baked to form a cured film.

Patent
10 Sep 1984
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a method to produce isopropyl alcohol in high efficiency by fermentation process, by culturing a specific microbial strain in a medium, and separating isopropyyl alcohol from the culture liquid.
Abstract: PURPOSE: To produce isopropyl alcohol in high efficiency by fermentation process, by culturing a specific microbial strain in a medium, and separating isopropyl alcohol from the culture liquid. CONSTITUTION: Clostridium sp. 172CY-02 or Clostridium sp. 64CY-05 is cultured in a medium, and isopropyl alcohol is separated from the culture liquid. The 172CY-02 strain and the 64CY-05 strain have been deposited in the Fermentation Research Institute as FERM-P No.7738 and FERM-P No.7823, respectively. The culture medium contains corn, glucose, galactose, molasses, etc. as carbon source, an inorganic or organic nitrogen compound as nitrogen source, and other nutrient source containing inorganic salts and vitamins. COPYRIGHT: (C)1986,JPO&Japio

Patent
14 Mar 1984
TL;DR: In this paper, a bacterium is used to extract L-tryptophan from L-serine and indole in the presence of Excherichia coli and E. coli.
Abstract: PURPOSE:In preparing L-tryptophan using a bacterium, to obtain purified L- tryptophan, by treating crude L-tryptophan with active carbon using a specific volume of water-containing isopropyl alcohol, recrystallizing it CONSTITUTION:For example, L-tryptophan is synthesized from L-serine and indole in the presence of Excherichia coli Crude L-tryptophan is obtained from the reaction solution containing L-tryptophan and Escherichia coli The crude tryptophan is blended with 14-20 (especially 145-16 times by weight times) as much 30-60vol% water-containing isopropyl alcohol as the crude tryptophan by weight and 01-10 times as much active carbon as it is added to it The solution is stirerd at the boiling point until L-tryptophan is sufficiently dissolved, filtered while it is hot, and the filtrate is cooled to precipitate purified L-tryptophan

Patent
27 Jul 1984
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a method to produce a titled stabilizing agent, exhibiting remarkable stabilizing effect at an extremely low dose, easily by polymerizing vinyl acetate monomer, and partially formalizing the resultant polyvinyl acetate.
Abstract: PURPOSE: To produce the titled stabilizing agent, exhibiting remarkable stabilizing effect at an extremely low dose, easily, by polymerizing vinyl acetate monomer, and partially formalizing the resultant polyvinyl acetate. CONSTITUTION: Vinyl acetate monomer is polymerized in a solvent composed mainly of isopropyl alcohol, in the precence of a polymerization initiator such as azobisisobutyronitrile, etc. An aqueous solution of HCHO and HCl or H 2 SO 4 are added as the formalizing agent to the solution of the resultant polyvinyl alcohol, and heated usually at 60W80°C to effect the formalizing reaction. The objective stabilizing agent can be produced by stopping the formalizing reaction when clouding takes places by dripping the reaction product to a CH 3 OH mixture having a volume ratio (CH 3 OH/H 2 O) of 55:45W75:25, at 20W25°C. USE: It can be used effectively for the stabilization of concentrated HCHO aqueous solution used in the production of amino resin, phenolic resin, etc. in storage or transportation. COPYRIGHT: (C)1986,JPO&Japio

Patent
20 Aug 1984
TL;DR: In this paper, a titled foaming preparation which gives solidified foam which can be easily stripped from the substance, consisting of polyvinyl butyral and/or an ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer and a specified propellant was provided.
Abstract: PURPOSE: To provide the titled foaming preparation which gives solidified foam which can be easily stripped from the substance, consisting of polyvinyl butyral and/or an ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer and a specified propellant. CONSTITUTION: 5W20wt% polyvinyl butyral having a degree of polymn. of 300W 1,000 or ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate content of 40wt% or above, a propellant selected from among a mixture of flon 11 and flon 22 in a weight ratio of 50:50W70:30, a mixture of flon 11 and dimethyl ether in a weight ratio of 10:90W80:20 and dimethyl ether, 0.2W20wt% tackifier (e.g., isopropyl alcohol) and 0.5W20wt% surfactant (e.g. sorbitan trioleate) are blended together. COPYRIGHT: (C)1986,JPO&Japio


Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the drying rate, color and chemical and functional properties of soymilk residue were evaluated for drying rate and drying color, and the results showed that washing with acetone resulted in the shortest drying time (1hr) and the highest protein content (48.8%) and in Hunter 'L' value.
Abstract: Soymilk residue was washed separately with acetone, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol and n-hexane, and then dried at . The dried residues were evaluated for drying rate, color and chemical and functional properties. Washing with acetone resulted in the shortest drying time (1hr) and the highest in protein content (48.8%) and in Hunter 'L' value. The dried residues after treatment with acetone and alcohols showed relatively high values of 4.3-4.7g/g and 8.5-8.7g/g in oil and water absorption, respectively. Addition of the acetone treated residue to wheat flour at a level of 10% affected little in Amylograph viscosity while those treated with other solvents caused a significant decrease in the viscosity.

Patent
05 Dec 1984
TL;DR: In this article, a discoloration inhibitor for a metal, especially gold, silver, or an alloy thereof, was proposed, which contains 5X10 -1X10 wt% straight chain alkyl mercaptan, >= 0.1wt% polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether and 5-15wt% isopropyl alcohol.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain a discoloration inhibitor producing a significant effect on gold, silver or an alloy thereof by adding straight chain alkyl mercaptan, polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether and isopropyl alcohol. CONSTITUTION:This discoloration inhibitor for a metal, especially gold, silver or an alloy thereof contains 5X10 -1X10 wt% straight chain alkyl mercaptan, >=0.1wt% polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether and 5-15wt% isopropyl alcohol. The alkyl mercaptan has 14-21 carbon atoms, and the polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether contains ethylene oxide added by 9 or 10mol.

Patent
19 Mar 1984
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose to use tetrasilicone mica as a novel dehydrogenation catalyst for the preparation of aldehyde and/or ketone in high yield.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To prepare an aldehyde and/or ketone, in high yield, by the dehydrogenation of an alcohol using a synthetic mica as a novel dehydrogenation catalyst. CONSTITUTION:The aldehyde (e.g. formaldehyde) and/or ketone (e.g. acetone) can be prepared by the dehydrogenation of an alcohol, especially a primary or secondary alcohol of formula (R and R are H or organic group) (e.g. methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, etc.) using a dehydrogenation catalyst comprising a synthetic mica of formula I (X is cation having a coordination number of 12, e.g. Na, K, Ca, Ba, Rb, Sr, etc.; Y is cation having a coordination number of 6, e.g. Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, etc.) wherein at least a part of the OH groups are substituted with F (preferably tetrasilicone mica, teniolite, especially, a synthetic mica substituted with univalent or bivalent copper).

Patent
10 Apr 1984
TL;DR: In this article, a carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) sodium salt with an electrophoretic mobility distribution satisfying a specific formula, having excellent salt water resistance, and improved disadvantages of CMC such as the lowering of the viscosity and increase of thixotropic properties of aqueous solution in the presence of salt.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To provide a novel CMC sodium salt characterized by the electrophoretic mobility distribution satisfying a specific formula, having excellent salt water resistance, and improved disadvantages of CMC such as the lowering of the viscosity and increase of thixotropic properties of aqueous solution in the presence of salt. CONSTITUTION:A carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt having an average substitution degree (DS) of carboxymethyl group per glucose anhydride unit of 0.4-1.6, a number-average polymerization degree of 100-1,500 and an electrophoretic mobility distribution DELTAU satisfying the formula, is obtained by reacting a cellulosic material with an etherification agent obtained by esterifying >=50% of monochloroacetic acid with isopropyl alcohol. USE:Boring of oil well, sizing for printing, etc.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that this mixed oxide system predominantly functions as Sb2O4 which is formed as a two-dimensional layer on the tin oxide matrix, at low concentrations of antimony and at low temperatures the solid solution-antimony oxide interface may be responsible for the observed activity.

Patent
28 Feb 1984
TL;DR: A process for producing isopropyl alcohol and useful byproducts from cellulosic substrates without utilizing toxic acids is described in this article, which comprises the steps of: (1) digesting cellulosics substrates in a heated sodium carbonate substrates; (2) digested the cellulosica product of step (1), in heated solution of isopro- alcohol an aluminium isoprophylate to produce a glucose biomass and a black liquid of saturated acylic hydrogen carbon; (3) mixing the glucose biomass of step(2) under
Abstract: A process for producing isopropyl alcohol and useful byproducts from cellulosic substrates without utilizing toxic acids. This process comprises the steps of: (1) digesting cellulosic substrates in a heated sodium carbonate substrates; (2) digesting the cellulosic product of step (1) in a heated solution of isopropyl alcohol an aluminium isopropylate to produce a glucose biomass and a black liquid of saturated acylic hydrogen carbon; (3) mixing the glucose biomass of step (2) under heat and pressure with basic aluminate plus amylolytic enzymes or xylophages bacteria to initiale fermentation of the glucose biomass; and (4) adding sodium acetate, calcium carbonate, the black liquid and a formol-phenol sulfonate solution of ROCH2-CH2-OH, ArOCH2-CH2-OH and RSCH2-CH2OH to the mixture of step (3) and progressively increasing the temperature of such mixture to at least approximately 145 degrees and maintaining such temperature until isopropyl alcohol is produced.

01 Feb 1984
Abstract: The successful application of bismuth molybdate (Bi2Mo06) for the catalytic oxidation and ammoxidation of propylene has stimulated interest in the study of physicochemical properties of Bi-Mo oxide catalysts and their correlation with activity and selectivity I ~3. The activity for the dehydration of isopropyl alcohol has been correlated with the acidity ofa series ofMo03-Bi203-P20s catalysts as a function of Bi203 content+". The present note deals with the characterization of y-phase bismuth molybdate (Bi2Mo06), its activity towards isopropyl alcohol decomposition and evaluation of its stability under various reaction conditions. The y-phase bismuth rriolybdate was prepared by the slurry method" and its structural identity was established by X-ray and IR techniques". The surface area (BET method) of the fresh sample was found to be 2.8 m2/g. The catalytic decomposition of isopropyl alcohol was carried out in the temperature range 220 to 280°C using a conventional flow-type fixed bed reactor working at atmospheric pressure. The liquid products were analysed by GLC and the gaseous products by Orsat analysis. The y-phase bismuth molybdate preferentially promoted dehydration of isopropyl alcohol to propylene with about 95% selectivity in the absence of oxygen. The selectivity of this order has been earlier observed in the dehydration of isopropyl alcohol on a Bi-Mo oxide catalyst in the presence of air and ammonia 7. The formation of acetone (maximum of 2.1 mol% at 280°C and at a contact time of 2.1 s) was also observed. The selectivity to propylene increases slightly with increase in temperature for a given contact time (Table 1). From contact time ..conversion plots the initial rates were evaluated and these were used in the evaluation of Notes

Patent
26 Jul 1984
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a method to obtain a polymorphic crystal of the titled compound by irradiating bis(4-methyl-5-mercaptomethylimidazole) and a 2-substituted ethyl-guanidine derivative in an isopropyl alcohol light rays.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain directly a polymorphic crystal of the titled compound useful as especially an antiulcer, by irradiating bis(4-methyl-5-mercaptomethylimidazole) and a 2-substituted ethyl-guanidine derivative in an isopropyl alcohol light rays. CONSTITUTION:A compound shown by the formula 1 and a compound shown by the formula 2 (R is halogen, mesyloxy, or tosyloxy) are irradiated with light rays in isopropyl alcohol to give directly the desired compound (cimetidine A) shown by the formula 3 having a blocking effect on histamine H2 receptors as a polymorphic crystal fittest for practical clinical purposes without requiring conversion of crystal form. In this method, 1 mole compound shown by the formula 1 and 2 mole compound shown by the formula 2 are only irradiated in the alcohol light rays by a high-pressure mercury lamp to give stoichiometrically 2 moles of the desired compound shown by the formula 3, and this method has merits wherein light irradiation can be operated repeatedly and its device can be used semipermanently.

Patent
16 Mar 1984
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented a method to obtain a titled compound in high yield and quality by reacting fumaric acid with excess isopropyl alcohol under specific high temperature and pressure condition while removing the by-produced water as an azeotropic mixture by refluxing.
Abstract: PURPOSE: To obtain the titled compound in high yield and quality, in a short time, by reacting fumaric acid with excess isopropyl alcohol under specific high temperature and pressure condition while removing the by-produced water as an azeotropic mixture by refluxing CONSTITUTION: The objective compound can be produced by reacting fumaric acid with excess isopropyl alcohol in an inert gas atmosphere at 120W180°C under pressure in the presence of an esterification catalyst [preferably an aromatic sulfonic acid such as p-toluenesulfonic acid, etc for the convenience of handling; 01W10pts(wt), especially 1W5pts per 100pts of fumaric acid], under reflux The amount of isopropyl alcohol is preferably 250W600pts per 100pts of fumaric acid The above reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as n- hexane, octane, etc COPYRIGHT: (C)1985,JPO&Japio