Showing papers on "Isopropyl alcohol published in 1998"
TL;DR: The physicochemical interactions between aroma compounds and sodium caseinate were studied by complementary techniques involving the protein in aqueous solution at 25 or 75 g/L (exponential dilution and equilibrium dialysis) or in a solid state (sorption and infrared spectroscopy) as discussed by the authors.
53 citations
41 citations
TL;DR: A solvent system consisting of isohexane and 5 to 25% alcohol, either ethanol (EtOH) or isopropyl alcohol (IPA), was tested for extracting gossypol and oil from cottonseed.
Abstract: A solvent system, consisting of isohexane and 5 to 25% alcohol, either ethanol (EtOH) or isopropyl alcohol (IPA), was tested for extracting gossypol and oil from cottonseed. The test results indicate that this new solvent system not only is effective in removing free and total gossypol but also is as efficient as n-hexane when extracting oil. The amino acid analysis of cottonseed meal, produced by the new solvent system, is similar to that produced by commercial n-hexane. Present commercial cottonseed extraction and downstream processing of cottonseed oil refining may need little change to adopt this new solvent system. This new solvent system may lead to a solution to the gossypol problem of cottonseed extraction.
36 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the characteristics of heterogeneous azeotropic distillation of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) + water (H2O) with cyclohexane (CyH) as an entrainer were investigated.
Abstract: In this work, the characteristics of heterogeneous azeotropic distillation of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) + water (H2O) with cyclohexane (CyH) as an entrainer were investigated. Critical reflux, parame...
31 citations
TL;DR: A patient is presented who presented with normal osmolal and anion gaps 36 h after ethanol and methanol ingestion, yet progressively developing ocular toxicity.
Abstract: Methanol, ethylene glycol, and isopropyl alcohol are associated with acute intoxication. The diagnosis is dependent upon high anion-gap metabolic acidosis, and an osmolal gap between the calculated and the measured osmolality. Normal anion gap has been reported in some cases of concomitant methanol and ethanol ingestion, where the high serum levels of ethanol inhibited the metabolism of methanol by alcohol dehydrogenase. The osmolal gap in these cases was higher than expected for methanol, and served as a constant marker for a metabolic derangement. Herewith, we present a patient who presented with normal osmolal and anion gaps 36 h after ethanol and methanol ingestion, yet progressively developing ocular toxicity. Normal anion and osmolal gaps should not rule out earlier methanol poisoning.
23 citations
18 citations
Patent•
19 Jun 1998TL;DR: In this article, a spray formulation of anti-pruritic opiates having a peripheral selectivity of 251 to 1,280 in a solvent mixture of up to 15% w/w alcohol selected from the group consisting of ethyl, propyl and isopropyl alcohol.
Abstract: Spray formulations of anti-pruritic opiates having a peripheral selectivity of 251 to 1,280 in a solvent mixture of up to 15% w/w alcohol selected from the group consisting of ethyl, propyl and isopropyl alcohol and water greater than or equal to 85% w/w water.
14 citations
Patent•
06 Jan 1998
TL;DR: In this paper, a simple washing method which can remove fine particles efficiently in a container for high purity isopropyl alcohol, etc., which is polluted by fine particles is proposed.
Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a simple washing method which can remove fine particles efficiently in a container for high purity isopropyl alcohol, etc., which is polluted by fine particles. SOLUTION: A container polluted by fine particles 0.3μm or more in diameter is washed with ultra-pure water having 20ml or less of fine particles 0.3μm or more in diameter and 10MΩ.cm or more in specific resistance, and washed with high purity isopropyl alcohol having 10/ml of fine particles 0.3μm or more in diameter and a water content of 50ppm or less. The container, after being washed, is filled with high purity isopropyl alcohol.
10 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the cerium(IV) oxidation of isobutanol, isoamyl alcohol isopropyl alcohol, and secondary butanol catalysed by chromium(III) was studied in sulphuric and perchloric acid mixture at 30 °C.
10 citations
Patent•
13 Aug 1998TL;DR: In this article, a process for the preparation of a purified salt of 4-sulfophenyl-[(1-oxyalkanoyl) amino] alkanoate is described.
Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a purified salt of 4-sulfophenyl-[(1-oxyalkanoyl)amino] alkanoate. The process comprises the steps of: (a) providing a source of 4-sulfophenyl-[(1-oxyalkanoyl)amino] alkanoate; (b) admixing the source with a water-based purification system to form a purification mixture, the water-based purification system having water present at a ratio of 4-sulfophenyl-[(1-oxyalkanoyl)amino] alkanoate to water ranging from about 1:0.05 to about 1:50, preferably from about 1:0.1 to about 1:40; (c) separating a purified salt of 4-sulfophenyl-[(1-oxyalkanoyl)amino] alkanoate from the purification mixture; and (d) collecting said purified salt of 4-sulfophenyl-[(1-oxyalkanoyl)amino] alkanoate. In preferred embodiments, the purification mixture includes a processing aide such as ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, acetone and mixtures thereof.
10 citations
TL;DR: In the liquid phase alkylation of naphthalene with isopropyl alcohol over large pore zeolite H-beta, unexpected compounds are formed with high selectivity.
Patent•
04 Jun 1998
TL;DR: An analgesic liquid liniment composition for topical application to relieve pain, particularly arthritic pain, is formed containing banana peel extracts, alcohol (preferably wintergreen isopropyl alcohol), parsley, acetylsalicylic acid, and pure gum spirits of turpentine as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: An analgesic liquid liniment composition for topical application to relieve pain, particularly arthritic pain, is formed containing banana peel extracts, alcohol (preferably wintergreen isopropyl alcohol), parsley, acetylsalicylic acid, and pure gum spirits of turpentine. The composition is prepared by forming a mixture of dried bananas with an alcohol, parsley, acetylsalicylic acid and turpentine, aging and then separating the dried banana peels.
TL;DR: In this paper, the catalytic properties of supported mono-and bimetallic catalysts of the Tc/support, M/support and M-Tc/Support types (M=Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, Ni, Re, Co; supports are γ-Al2O3, MgO, SiO2) were investigated in the acetone hydrogenation.
Abstract: The catalytic properties of supported mono- and bimetallic catalysts of the Tc/support, M/support, and M-Tc/support types (M=Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, Ni, Re, Co; supports are γ-Al2O3, MgO, SiO2) were investigated in the acetone hydrogenation. The main products of this reaction are isopropyl alcohol and propane. The catalytic activity in the acetone hydrogenation of the metals studied decreases in the consequence Pt>Tc≈Rh>Pd>Ru >Ni≈Re>Co (with γ-Al2O3 as the support). The influence of support nature on the catalytic activity was investigated for the Rh−Tc system as an example. A nonadditive increase in the catalytic activity of Rh−Tc/γ-Al2O3 in comparison with monometallic catalysts was found. The state of the surface of the catalysts was characterized by the UV-VIS diffuse reflectance spectra.
Patent•
31 Mar 1998
TL;DR: In this paper, a water-absorbing agent that absorbs a large factor of water under no pressure or a pressure and shows excellent safety and high water absorption even when a resin concentration is increased in hygienic materials such as paper diaper by adding a vinyl compound and a polyhydric alcohol to a water absorbing resin is presented.
Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a water-absorbing agent that absorbs a large factor of water under no pressure or a pressure and shows excellent safety and high water absorption even when a resin concentration is increased in hygienic materials such as paper diaper by adding a vinyl compound and a polyhydric alcohol to a water-absorbing resin SOLUTION: (A) A water-absorbing resin is combined with (B) a vinyl compound (suitably vinyl ether, for example, triethylene glycol divinyl ether and (C) a polyhydric alcohol (for example, propylene glycol) In a preferred embodiment, when the component A bears carboxyl groups, 0001-10 ptswt of the component B and 0001-10 ptswt of the component C are added to 100 ptswt of the component A, in addition, for example, (D) a hydrophilic organic solvent such as isopropyl alcohol may be added thereto COPYRIGHT: (C)1999,JPO
TL;DR: The acid value (AV) of vegetable oils is determined without titration by using a new reagent consisting of triethanolamine in a solution of water and isopropyl alcohol to calculate the difference between pH'1 and pH'2.
Abstract: The acid value (AV) of vegetable oils is determined without titration by using a new reagent consisting of triethanolamine in a solution of water and isopropyl alcohol. When the oil sample is mixed with the reagent in the pH-metric cell, free fatty acids from the sample are extracted into the reagent (3-4 min). The initial pH, called conditional pH'1, is measured, a standard acid (HCl) is added, and the final pH, pH'2, is measured. AV is calculated from the difference between pH'1 and pH'2. The method is applicable for quality control of vegetable oils during their production, trade, and use.
Patent•
07 Apr 1998
TL;DR: In this paper, the problem of obtaining a polymer composition which is suitably usable as a packaging material for food products by melt-kneading an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer and a specific isobutylene block copolymers in a specific state was addressed.
Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a polymer composition which is excellent in both barrier properties and flexibility and is suitably usable as a packaging material for food products by melt-kneading an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer and a specific isobutylene block copolymer in a specific state. SOLUTION: This composition contains (A) a phase comprising an ethylene- vinyl alcohol copolymer and (B) another phase comprising (i) a polymer block mainly containing vinyl aromatic monomer units and (ii) a polymer block mainly containing the isobutylene unit. In this composition, the part still remaining insoluble and non-dispersive is adjusted to >=15wt.%, after soaking in 50 times weight of toluene at 20 deg.C for 1 hour and the proportion of the part still remaining insoluble and non-dispersive is >=15wt.% after soaking in 50 times weight of an isopropyl alcohol/water mixed solvent (volume ratio of 35/65) at 70 deg.C for 72 hours.
TL;DR: In this article, an extremely controlled hydrolysis of a rapidly water-absorbing alkoxide was performed so as to achieve a gel of high optical transmittance, where an aluminium sec-butoxide precursor was structurally modified using ethyl acetoacetate in varying stoichiometric ratios.
Patent•
25 Mar 1998TL;DR: In this paper, a process for the preparation of alkylated aromatic amines is described, which comprises reacting an aromatic amine selected from aniline, toludine, xylidine, N-methyl anilines, m-ethyl anILines, p-ethylanilines with a primary or secondary alcohol selected from ethanol, methanol, isopropyl alcohol in the presence of attalpulgite impregnated with combination of iron oxide and oxides selected from transition metals of the periodic table as a catalyst.
Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of alkylated aromatic amines which comprises reacting an aromatic amine selected from aniline, toludine, xylidine, N-methyl aniline, N-ethyl aniline, m-ethyl aniline, p-ethyl aniline, o-ethyl aniline with a primary or secondary alcohol selected from ethanol, methanol, isopropyl alcohol in the presence of attalpulgite impregnated with combination of iron oxide and oxides selected from transition metals of the periodic table as a catalyst prepared by the method described and claimed in our co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/047,718 at atmospheric pressure and at a temperature in the range of 300-400° C. and recovering the desired amine by conventional methods.
TL;DR: Reduction of a (bisphenyl)dithioacetal with sodium/isopropyl alcohol in THF allows preparation of (2 E,6 E )-10,11 -dihydrofarnesol in high yield as discussed by the authors.
Patent•
27 Feb 1998
TL;DR: In this article, a low molecular weight organosiloxane rubber having tail hydroxyl groups, 100, inorganic filler, 1-100; cross-linking agent, 5-10; catalyst, 1.5-8.
Abstract: FIELD: sealing of radio, radio engineering and electronic devices; process of adhesion. SUBSTANCE: composition comprises, wt.p.: low molecular weight organosiloxane rubber having tail hydroxyl groups, 100; inorganic filler, 1-100; cross-linking agent, 5-10; catalyst, 1.5-8. Tetraethoxysilane or product of its uncompleted hydrolysis is used as said cross-linking agent. Product of preliminary treatment of dimethyl or diethyl hydroxylamine with alcohol is used as said catalyst. Butyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol or perfluoroheptyl alcohol is used as said alcohol, ratio of dialkyl hydroxylamine and alcohol being (1-4):(0.5-4) respectively. EFFECT: improved quality. 1 tbl1
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of change in the composition of mixtures of methyl ethyl ketone and isopropyl alcohol, a common development solvent used in lithography, and the glass transition temperature of poly(methyl methacrylate) films on the mutual diffusion coefficient are reported.
Abstract: The process of removal by a solvent mixture of low molar mass polymer generated as a consequence of chain scission is a critical step in electron beam lithography. The development of the image depends on a number of factors, including the composition of the solvent and the nature of the polymer. In this paper the effects of change in the composition of mixtures of methyl ethyl ketone and isopropyl alcohol, a common development solvent used in lithography, and the glass transition temperature of poly(methyl methacrylate) films on the mutual diffusion coefficient are reported. The mutual diffusion coefficient decreases and becomes asymmetric towards low volume fraction of solvent as the proportion of isopropyl alcohol in the mixture is increased. The higher glass transition temperature films are prone to exhibiting crazing on exposure to solvent. The diffusion of the mixture into the polymer film is selective and preferential for methyl ethyl ketone. Diffusion becomes complex as the content of the mixture moves towards a higher isopropyl alcohol composition. Also, there is evidence for both lowering of the glass transition temperature and re-precipitation of the polymer by the non-solvent (isopropyl alcohol). Change in the initial T
p
of the films leads to small changes in the swelling rate. In the development process of electron beam resist films used in semiconductor lithography, crazing probably plays as important a role in the overall development process as simple solvent driven dissolution.
Patent•
12 May 1998
TL;DR: In this paper, a group II-IV compound semiconductor crystal is etched at 10-80 deg.C by using an etching solution prepared by saturating potassium, dichromate in an aqueous solution, a mixture of water and sulfuric acid in the volume ratio 1:(1-10), and then, according as necessary, washed with water with a temperature of 10 to the boiling point, methanol, or isopropyl alcohol, and further washed with dichloromethane, trichloroethylene or acetone under ultrasonic waves or
Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for cleaning the surface of a group II-IV compound semiconductor crystal with the smoothness of its surface not deteriorated before and after its etching, excellent in cleanness on the mirror plane, thus suitable for e.g. epitaxial growth. SOLUTION: A group II-IV compound semiconductor crystal is etched at 10-80 deg.C by using an etching solution prepared by saturating potassium, dichromate in an aqueous solution, a mixture of water and sulfuric acid in the volume ratio 1:(1-10), and then, according as necessary, washed with water with a temperature of 10 to the boiling point, methanol, or isopropyl alcohol, and further washed with dichloromethane, trichloroethylene or acetone under ultrasonic waves or boiling.
Patent•
15 Dec 1998
TL;DR: In this paper, the objective derivative of formula III is obtained by the following process: a phenylalkyl halide derivatives of formula I (A is a 2-5C alkylene; X is a halogen) in the presence of an alkali (hydrogen) carbonate (eg potassium carbonate) in a solvent of isopropyl alcohol at a temperature from 10 degC to the refluxing temperature for about 1 hr to 30 min.
Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce the subject high-purity derivative on an industrial scale at a low cost needing no extraction operation by reacting a specific phenylalkyl halide derivative with a specific hydroxybenzoic acid ester derivative under specific conditions SOLUTION: The objective derivative of formula III is obtained by the following process: a phenylalkyl halide derivative of formula I (A is a 2-5C alkylene; X is a halogen) (eg 1-bromo-4-phenylbutane) with a hydroxybenzoic acid ester derivative of formula II (R is a 1-6C alkyl) (eg methyl p-hydroxybenzoate) in the presence of an alkali (hydrogen)carbonate (eg potassium carbonate) in a solvent of isopropyl alcohol at a temperature from 10 degC to the refluxing temperature for about 1 hr to 30 min; the isopropyl alcohol is removed; the resultant product is separated into the aqueous phase and the organic phase, and the aqueous phase is removed; to the organic phase are added water and an alkali (eg sodium hydroxide), and the mixture is treated by hydrolysis at 10-80 degC for about 1 hr to 30 min; and finally, the solution is made weak acidic by adding an acid (eg hydrochloric acid)
Patent•
20 Jan 1998
TL;DR: Palladium catalyst on carbon carrier "Sibunite" is activated by ultrasound with intensity 0.1-3 W/sq.cm for 5-60 s using conical head of ultrasonic emitter which is immersed into glass with catalyst contained in sulfuric acid solution in isopropyl alcohol.
Abstract: FIELD: catalysts for organic syntheses. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to activation techniques for crude catalysts used in syntheses of intermediate products for drugs and vitamins. Palladium catalyst on carbon carrier "Sibunite" is activated by ultrasound with intensity 0.1-3 W/sq.cm for 5-60 s using conical head of ultrasonic emitter which is immersed into glass with catalyst contained in sulfuric acid solution in isopropyl alcohol. EFFECT: intensified activation of catalyst. 3 dwg, 1 tblr
Patent•
09 Jun 1998
TL;DR: In this article, a 3-aminoflavanone derivative of formula I (R is a 1-12C alkyl; R and R are each a 1 -12C-alkyl which may be substituted by a halogen or a 1 12C alkoxyl, H, cyano, a halogene, etc.) is reacted with an organic peroxide (preferably hydroperoxides, especially preferably 60-80% tert-butylhydroperoxide aqueous solution) in the presence of a base (preferredably
Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To industrially advantageously obtain the subject compound useful as a hair-restoring and growing agent by reacting a specific 3-alkylflavanon derivative with an organic peroxide in the presence of a specific amount of a base. SOLUTION: (A) A 3-aminoflavanone derivative of formula I [R is a 1-12C alkyl; R and R are each a 1-12C alkyl which may be substituted by a halogen or a 1-12C alkoxyl, H, cyano, a halogen, etc.] is reacted with (C) an organic peroxide (preferably hydroperoxides, especially preferably 60-80% tert- butylhydroperoxide aqueous solution) in the presence of (B) a base (preferably alkali metal hydroxide, especially preferably 20-50% aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide) in 0.8-1.4 equivalent based on the component A to provide (D) the objective 3-alkylflavanonol derivative of formula II. In the reaction, it is preferable to use alcohols, preferably isopropyl alcohol as a reaction solvent.
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of acidity on alkylation activity is discussed and H-mordenite was found to be the most acidic and active catalyst for alkylations of benzene with isopropyl alcohol.
Abstract: Vapour phase alkylation of benzene with isopropyl alcohol over HX, HY, HZSM-5 and H-mordenite is reported. The influence of temperature, mole ratio, feedrate and space velocity has been studied. The effect of acidity on alkylation activity is discussed. Among the different zeolites studied H-mordenite was found to be the most acidic and active catalyst for alkylation of benzene with isopropylalcohol. Zeolite HY and HZSM-5 possess same number of medium plus strong acid sites and show same level of conversion. Medium and strong acid sites play a role in alkylation reaction.
Patent•
08 Sep 1998
TL;DR: In this article, a solution composed of two phases in the equilibrium state prepared by mixing a propyl alcohol with an inorganic salt is used for inspecting the completeness of a cellulose porous membrane for removing virus.
Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To remove easily a possible harmful content in an inspection fluid remaining on a porous membrane after the inspection by using a two-phase separated solution composed of water, a propyl alcohol and an inorganic salt in the case of inspecting the completeness of a porous membrane for removing virus. SOLUTION: When the completeness of a cellulose porous membrane is inspected, a solution composed of two phases in the equilibrium state prepared by mixing a propyl alcohol with an inorganic salt is used. As for the propyl alcohol, either of two isomers, 1-propyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol (2-propyl alcohol) can be used, and the use of isopropyl alcohol is preferred from the viewpoints of the weakness of toxicity and easiness of removal by cleaning. The inorganic salt is used for carrying out the two-phase separation of the propyl alcohol from water to be mixed completely, and for example, ammonium sulfate or the like of high solubility in water and low solubility degree in isopropyl alcohol is used.
TL;DR: In this paper, the mutual diffusion coefficients for isopropyl alcohol-methyl ethyl ketone mixed solvents into PMMA of narrow molar mass distribution with a range from 49000 to 400000 g mol −1
Abstract: Poly(methyl methacrylate) PMMA is used extensively as an electron beam resist. The development of the lithographic pattern after exposure of the polymer to electron beam irradiation is achieved by contacting the film with a solvent mixture of isopropyl alcohol and methyl ethyl ketone. In this paper the mutual diffusion coefficients for isopropyl alcohol-methyl ethyl ketone mixed solvents into PMMA of narrow molar mass distribution with a range from 49000 to 400000 g mol
–1
are reported. The mutual diffusion coefficient indicates that the behaviour was both a function of molar mass and solvent composition. The ability for the PMMA to swell in the solvent was found to be molar mass dependent. Cloud point measurements on solutions indicated that change in the molar mass influenced the temperature at which precipitation occurred in the mixed solvents. The cloud points also depended on the quality of the solvent; occurring at lower temperature for the better solvent [1:1 w/w isopropyl alcohol (IPA)-methyl ethyl ketone (MEK)] and being higher for the poorer solvent (4:1 w/w IPA-MEK). The swelling characteristics indicate that an increase in the degree of chain entanglement leads to suppression of the degree of swelling. The electron beam sensitivity suggests a complex interplay of the effects of the molar mass on the chain scission process, on the ability of solvent to enter the degraded matrix and on the solubility of the polymer on the solvent mixture. The casting solvent has an effect on the structure of the solid and influences the behaviour of the films when exposed to the developing solvent.
Patent•
31 Mar 1998
TL;DR: In this article, a water-absorbing agent that absorbs a large factor of water under no pressure or a pressure and shows excellent safety and high water absorption even when a resin concentration is increased in hygienic materials such as paper diaper by adding a vinyl compound to a water absorbing resin and treating the mixture with heat.
Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a water-absorbing agent that absorbs a large factor of water under no pressure or a pressure and shows excellent safety and high water absorption even when a resin concentration is increased in hygienic materials such as paper diaper by adding a vinyl compound to a water-absorbing resin and treating the mixture with heat. SOLUTION: (A) A water-absorbing resin is combined with (B) a vinyl compound (suitably vinyl ether, for example, triethylene glycol divinyl ether) and they are heated at a temperature higher than 150°C. In a preferred embodiment, when the component A bears carboxyl groups, 0.001-10 pts.wt. of the component B is added to 100 pts.wt. of component A, in addition, for example, (C) a hydrophilic organic solvent such as isopropyl alcohol may be added thereto. COPYRIGHT: (C)1999,JPO