Isopropyl alcohol

About: Isopropyl alcohol is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3064 publications have been published within this topic receiving 27354 citations. The topic is also known as: Rubbing Alcohol & Propan-2-ol.

Cold flow properties of palm oil biodiesel

Abstract: The faulty performance of palm oil biodiesel at low temperatures constitutes its main quality drawback and limitation to use this alternative fuel for diesel engines either as a neat fuel or blended with conventional diesel fuel derived from petroleum. In this work, several alternatives for improving the cold flow properties of palm oil biodiesel are evaluated. The production of biodiesel using branched-chain alcohols such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, 2-butyl alcohol and isopentyl alcohol allows the production of palm oil alkyl esters having cloud and pour points lower than those of methyl esters. Substituting isopropyl for the methyl group allows reductions in the cloud and pour points of 8 and 21 oC, respectively. Palm oil isopropyl esters have a cloud point 10 oC lower than the corresponding methyl esters. The cloud point of the palm oil biodieseldiesel fuel blends linearly increases with mixture biodiesel content. In the case of the tested blends there may be fuel filterability problems only at temperatures below -4 oC. This work also presents the effectiveness of two commercial additives used to reduce the cold filter plugging point of neat biodiesel and the tested blends. The results obtained showed that by using such additives it is only possible to obtain reductions in the B5 blend cold filter plugging point when the lowest additive concentration was used.

Liquid phase hydrogenation of furfural under mild conditions over Pd/C catalysts of various acidity

Abstract: The hydrogenation of furfural (FU) under mild conditions (isopropyl alcohol, 35 °C, 6 bar) was studied over 2 wt% Pd supported on non-treated (Pd/C) and SO3H-modified carbon supports. The catalysts of similar metal particles size (5–6 nm) were prepared by the colloid-based microemulsion method. The products of the Pd-catalyzed FU hydrogenation as well as the acid-sites catalyzed reactions of FU acetalization and etherification were formed. The SO3H groups in the carbon supports influence reactivity of the Pd-sites due to the Pd-electron deficient species formation manifested by the enhanced promotion of furan ring hydrogenation producing tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran. Furfural diisopropyl acetal was formed even over the Pd/C catalyst of very low acid capacity and acetalization reaction was enhanced over the catalysts with SO3H groups. The furfural diisopropyl acetal content slowly decreased with furfural conversion, assisted by the growth of furfuryl isopropyl ether content. The capacity of acid sites did not strongly affect the process of ether formation evidenced by similar selectivity (10–15%) over all studied catalysts.

Production of isopropyl alcohol

Abstract: PURPOSE: To readily and stably for long time obtain the subject compound in high reactivity and selectivity by reducing acetone with hydrogen using carried ruthenium catalyst and reacting so as concentration of isopropyl alcohol of reaction element to be specific value. CONSTITUTION: Acetone is supplied H 2 in an amount of 1 to 50 times of theoretically required hydrogen to a reducing reaction by hydrogen preferably using isopropyl alcohol(IPA) as a solvent, where the concentration of IPA in the reaction system is made as ≥50wt.%, then reacted at 0 to 200°C under normal pressure or increased pressure in the presence of ruthenium catalyst such as ruthenium chloride carrying 0.01 to 5wt.% carrier such as heat-resistance γ-alumina, silica or activated charcoal of coconut shell to afford the objective compound useful as solvent or raw materials of various organic drugs, etc. COPYRIGHT: (C)1990,JPO&Japio

Bland Undenatured Soybean Flakes by Alcohol Washing and Flash Desolventizing

Abstract: The conditions for removing the beany and bitter flavor from defatted soybean meal with ethanol and isopropyl alcohol were investigated. In the presence of alcohols, soybean protein is extremely sensitive to denaturation when temperature, moisture, and residence time are increased. If protein is to be isolated in good yield and quality, retention of the original, high watersolubility is important, and denaturation must be kept to a minimum.

Method of preparing an aqueous solution comprising vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymers of various molecular weights using a single initiator system consisting essentially of t-Butylperoxypivalate

Abstract: Vinylpyrrolidone and vinyl acetate monomers are polymerized using free radical initiator consisting of t-Butylperoxypivalate and preferably in solvent consisting essentially of water, isopropyl alcohol, sec. butyl alcohol or mixtures thereof to produce vinyl pyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer.