Isopropyl alcohol

About: Isopropyl alcohol is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3064 publications have been published within this topic receiving 27354 citations. The topic is also known as: Rubbing Alcohol & Propan-2-ol.

Alternative Solvents for Moringa oleifera Seeds Extraction

Abstract: Moringa oleifera is a versatile plant and has wide applicability. Two critical factors that make the oil more readily available for use are its ease of processing techniques and production rate. Solvent extraction using various solvents is common and is usually more efficient than mechanical presses. Hence investigating the suitability of three solvents-hexane, Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA) and Petroleum Ether (PE) in the extraction of moringa seeds from northern (sample 1) and southern (sample 2) parts of Nigeria was carried out using a soxhlet extractor between 2 and 12 h. The percentage yield of oil from the two samples was found to be dependent on the solvent used, the residence time and the source of the seed sample. Petroleum ether gave the highest yield of 49.38 and 37.57%, next was hexane with 44.94 and 34.71% while isopropyl alcohol gave 36.39 and 28.43%, for samples 1 and 2, respectively. For all solvents, sample 1 produced higher oil yield. The percentage oil yield increased with time reaching an optimum at between 8-10 h. From chromatographic analysis, besides other trace components, the predominant fatty acids present in the Moringa oleifera oil include oleic, stearic, palmitic, linoleic and palmitoleic acids. The overall composition of the oil indicated higher levels of unsaturated than saturated acids with oleic acid having the highest percentage composition of 68.8% in all the extracted oil samples. The results obtained from this investigation showed that the alternative solvents (IPA and PE) considered can potentially substitute n-hexane in Moringa oilseed extraction.

Solid–Liquid and Solid–Liquid–Liquid Equilibria in the KI+H2O+i-C3H7OH Ternary System within 10–120°C

Abstract: The solubility of components, phase equilibria, and critical phenomena in the ternary potassium iodide (KI) +water (H2O) +isopropyl alcohol (i-C3H7OH) system were studied in the range of 10–120°C by the visual polythermal method. Potassium iodide was found to have a salting-out effect at temperatures above 97.0°C, and homogeneous water–isopropanol solutions were delaminated. The formation temperature of the critical tie line of the monotectic state (97.0°C) and the compositions of the solutions corresponding to the critical liquid–liquid solubility points at 104.2, 110.1, 115.6, and 120.1°C were determined. The distribution coefficients of isopropyl alcohol between the organic and aqueous phases in the monotectic state at 100.0, 110.0, and 120.0°C were calculated. The salting-out effect of potassium iodide relative to isopropyl alcohol from aqueous solution is small (the distribution coefficient Kd of isopropanol is 1.8 at 100.0°C) and slightly increases with temperature (Kd is 3.4 at 120.0°C).

Transformations of peroxide olefin ozonolysis products under the action of hydroxylamine and semicarbazide hydrochlorides in isopropyl alcohol

Abstract: Hydroxylamine and semicarbazide hydrochlorides were shown to be efficient as reducing agents toward peroxide products of ozonolysis of various olefins with different degrees of substitution. The rate of the transformations aldehyde → aldehyde oxime → nitrile → ester upon treatment of peroxides with hydroxylamine hydrochloride in isopropyl alcohol was lower than in methanol.