Isopropyl alcohol

About: Isopropyl alcohol is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3064 publications have been published within this topic receiving 27354 citations. The topic is also known as: Rubbing Alcohol & Propan-2-ol.

Determination of the photocatalytic activities of titanium dioxides and other white pigments

Abstract: Titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, and other white pigments are widely used in protective coatings and textile applications. An undesirable property of such pigments is their behavior as photo-oxidation catalysts. As a measure of the activities of various pigments, quantum yields were determined for the photo-oxidation of isopropyl alcohol to acetone in a system where the pigment was the only absorbing species. An absolute quantum yield of 0.5 was found for reagent-grade anatase; relative quantum yields were determined for various commercial anatase and rutile titanium dioxides, zinc oxide, barium sulfate, and barium tungstate. A good correlation was found between the photodegradation rates of pigmented polypropylenes, the photodegradation rates of the dyes in pigmented cellulose acetate butyrate, and the activities of the pigments determined by the isopropyl alcohol oxidation method.

Allergic contact dermatitis caused by isopropyl alcohol: a missed allergen?

Abstract: Background. Isopropyl alcohol is a secondary alcohol, a structural isomer of propanol, that is widely used as an industrial solvent and as a preservative and antiseptic in the clinical environment. It is known to be a mild irritant for the eyes and mucous membranes, but is considered to be a weak and infrequent sensitizer. Objectives. To show that isopropyl alcohol should be considered as a potential allergen in patients with eczema who have contact with this substance. Materials and methods. We present a series of 1450 patients patch tested with isopropyl alcohol during the period 1992–2011. Results. Forty-four patients showed an allergic response to isopropyl alcohol. Four cases presented as occupational hand eczema. Fourteen cases were seen in patients with leg ulcers. Twenty-six patients presented with eczematous lesions following the use of products containing isopropyl alcohol to disinfect previous skin lesions. Eighty-four per cent of the patients showed sensitization to three or more allergens. Relevance was present in 84% of the patients. Conclusions. We report here the first large case series of contact allergy to isopropyl alcohol, which demonstrates that sensitization to this substance might not be as uncommon as previously thought.

Zr-Based MOF-808 as Meerwein–Ponndorf–Verley Reduction Catalyst for Challenging Carbonyl Compounds

Abstract: In the fine chemical industry, transfer hydrogenation of carbonyl compounds is an important route to selectively form the corresponding allyl alcohol. The Meerwein–Ponndorf–Verley reduction (MPV) is catalyzed by a Lewis acid catalyst and easily oxidizable alcohols serve as hydrogen donor. We successfully used the Zr-based metal-organic framework (MOF) MOF-808-P as MPV-catalyst with isopropyl alcohol as solvent and hydride donor. After only 2 h, 99% yield of cinnamyl alcohol was obtained. The highly active MOF-808-P is also a good catalyst for the selective reduction of more challenging substrates such as R-carvone and β-ionone. Two strategies were successfully used to shift the equilibrium towards the desired allylic alcohol products: (1) evaporation of formed acetone and (2) the use of the more strongly reducing 1-indanol. Carveol yield was increased to >70%. These results highlight the great potential of this recently discovered Zr-MOF as a chemically and thermally stable catalyst.