Isopropyl alcohol

About: Isopropyl alcohol is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3064 publications have been published within this topic receiving 27354 citations. The topic is also known as: Rubbing Alcohol & Propan-2-ol.

Some Radical and Molecular Yields in the γ-Irradiation of Some Organic liquids

Abstract: The hydrogn and methane yields from the gamma irradiation of ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, t-butyl alcohol, cyclohexanol, cyclohexane, diethyl ether, acetic acid, and ethyl acetate have been measured. These yields are deereased by the presence of benzoquinone, which is interpreted in terms of its scavenging effect for H atoms and CH/sub 3/ radicals. Kinetic analysis of the results gives values of primary yields of H. CH/sub 3/, H/sub 2/, and CH/sub 4/. Benzoquinone and ferric chloride have also been used to determine total radical yields. (auth)

Hydride transfer reactions catalysed by rhodium–tin complexes

Abstract: Rhodium–tin chloride complexes catalyse the dehydrogenation of isopropyl alcohol to acetone and also hydrogen–deuterium exchange between the α-CH and the hydroxy-group of isopropyl alcohol. Reactions (1) and (2) explain some features of the dehydrogenation and the results of the hydrogen–deuterium exchange can be explained if the hydrogen of the rhodium hydride intermediate exchanges with protons from the solvent. Me2CH·OH +[RhIIICl]⇌ Me2CO +[RhIIIH]+ HCl (1), [RhIIIH]+ HCl →[RhCl]III+ H2(2)

Nano-dispersion of TEMPO-oxidized cellulose/aliphatic amine salts in isopropyl alcohol

Abstract: Primary aliphatic amines were introduced into most of (>95%) carboxyl groups densely present on the TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibril (TOCN) surfaces via carboxyl/amine salt formation in a water-isopropyl alcohol mixture. The carbon number of alkyl chain lengths introduced into TOCN varied using n-decyl-, n-dodecyl, n-tetradecyl-, n-hexadecyl- and n-octadecyl-amines. When n-dodecyl-, n-tetradecyl- and n-hexadecyl-amines were used for neutralization of carboxyl groups, the TOCN-COOH/amine salts were dispersed at the individual nanofibril level in pure isopropyl alcohol (IPA) by ultrasonication treatment, and gave stable and transparent IPA dispersions with birefringence when observed between cross polarizers. Flexible, highly transparent and surface-hydrophobic self-standing films of n-dodecylamine-treated TOCN-COOH (TOCN-COOH/C12-amine salt) were prepared by casting and drying of the dispersion. However, the introduction of abundant long-alkyl chains on the TOCN surfaces via the amine salt formation resulted in clearly lower mechanical and oxygen barrier properties of the films than those of TOCN-COONa films.

Cutaneous Reactions to Lower Aliphatic Alcohols Before and During Disulfiram Therapy

Abstract: • Cutaneous reactions to ethyl alcohol (ethanol), N-propyl alcohol (1-propanol), isopropyl alcohol (2-propanol), and acetaldehyde were evaluated in a control group and in patients before and while they were receiving disulfiram therapy Local cutaneous erythema was observed from patch tests with ethyl alcohol, N-propyl alcohol, and isopropyl alcohol in hydrated skin, and from acetaldehyde in dry skin Since reactions noted from topically applied alcohols before and while the patients were receiving disulfiram therapy were not statistically different, a localized disulfiram-alcohol reaction is unlikely Erythema resulting from topically applied alcohols occurred in a dose-related manner and was caused by a direct vasodilatory effect on the cutaneous microvasculature We believe that all true disulfiram-alcohol reactions are systemic, rather than local, in nature and require a substantial amount of alcohol to enter the system ( Arch Dermatol 1982;118:157-159)

A study of the cause of rapid color development of heated refined palm oil

Abstract: One of the most obvious changes when oils are heated is color darkening. Palm oil darkens very rapidly compared to other oils. The cause of this rapid color development was investigated. Various methods used to pretreat Lotox crude palm oil (CPO) to retard darkening during heating were by agitation with activated carbon S511, by water and water/isopropyl alcohol (95:5) washing of neutralized and unneutralized oil, and by liquid/liquid extraction of oil using water and water/isopropyl (95:5). Pretreatment of CPO did succeed in retarding color development. Retardation was especially evident in oils previously neutralized with sodium hydroxide before washing with water and water/isopropyl alcohol. The UV spectra of the liquid/liquid extracts showed strong absorption maxima at 256 nm. The addition of a base resulted in darkening of the extracts accompanied by shifts to longer wavelengths (288 nm). Reaction with freshly diluted 1–2% ferric chloride solution gave a brown color. The development of paper chromatography in butanol: acetic acid:water (6:1:2) revealed a blue fluorescence near the solvent front, with the same relative retention time as that of tannic acid. This evidence indicates that phenolic compounds were responsible for color darkening in palm oil.