Isopropyl alcohol

About: Isopropyl alcohol is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3064 publications have been published within this topic receiving 27354 citations. The topic is also known as: Rubbing Alcohol & Propan-2-ol.

Oxidative Alkoxycarbonylation of Alkynes by Means of Aryl α‐Diimine Palladium(II) Complexes as Catalysts

Abstract: The straightforward in situ synthesized bis(2,6-diisopropyl)acenaphthenequinonediimine palladium triflate catalyst was generally employed for both the mono-alkoxycarbonylation of terminal alkynes, and the bis-alkoxycarbonylation of 1,2-disubstituted alkynes by using mild reaction conditions [carbon monoxide pressure (PCO)=4 bar, temperature=20 °C]. Utilizing low catalyst loading (down to 0.5 mol%), a variety of propiolic esters were synthesized with good to excellent isolated yields. Most importantly the system was very efficient not only with methanol but also with a range of different alcohols, starting from the less hindered benzyl alcohol to the most hindered ones, such as isopropyl alcohol and tert-butyl alcohol. In addition, aromatic and aliphatic 1,2-disubstituted alkynes were converted into maleic acid derivatives, together with an acid-catalyzed isomerization reaction, showing modest to good selectivity and excellent combined yields. In particular 3-hexyne showed a satisfactory degree of selectivity for the maleic diesters of methanol and benzyl alcohol, obtaining the corresponding products with good isolated yields.

Biological monitoring of occupational exposure to isopropyl alcohol vapor by urinalysis for acetone

Abstract: The relationship of the intensity of occupational vapor exposure to isopropyl alcohol (IPA) with urinary excretion of acetone and unmetabolized IPA was studied in 99 printers of both sexes, who were exposed to up to 66 ppm IPA (as time-weighted average), together with toluene, xylenes, methyl ethyl ketone and/or ethyl acetate. Acetone and IPA concentrations in urine were studied also in 34 non-exposed subjects. Acetone was detectable in the urine of most of the non-exposed, and the urinary acetone concentration increased in proportion to the IPA exposure intensity (r = 0.84 for observed, non-corrected values), whereas the correction for creatinine concentration or specific gravity of urine did not give a larger correlation coefficient. IPA itself was not found in the urine of the non-exposed, and was detectable in urine of only those who were exposed to IPA above a certain level, e.g. 5 ppm. The present study results suggest that urinary acetone is a valuable index for biological monitoring of occupational exposure to IPA as low as 70 ppm.