Showing papers on "Isovitexin published in 2009"

Anti-inflammatory Activity of Standardised Extracts of Leaves of Three Varieties of Ficus deltoidea

Abstract: Present study aimed to evaluate standardised extracts of different verities of Ficus deltoidea, a traditional medicinal plant, for anti-inflammatory activity using three in vitro assays, lipoxygenase, hyaluronidase and TPA-induced oedema. Methanol and aqueous extracts were standardised by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using two pharmacologically active markers, vitexin and isovitexin, which were isolated from methanol extract of the plant having code FDT1M. The method was validated and then applied to standardise extracts of the plant. In the extracts, the concentration of vitexin and isovitexin varied in the range 2.45 ± 0.00 - 19 ± 0.12 mg/g and 1.58 ± 0.02 - 41.49 ± 0.47 mg/g, respectively. Different extracts of three varieties of the plant displayed different anti-inflammatory activities (p < 0.05). The activity of the extracts was found comparable to apigenin, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, indomethacin, which were used as control (p < 0.05). The results of this study indicate that extracts of leaves of Ficus deltoidea possess antiinflammatory properties.

Rapid Identification of Polyphenol C-Glycosides from Swertia franchetiana by HPLC-ESI-MS-MS

Abstract: High-performance liquid chromatography coupled to positive ion electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (MS) and diode array detection was employed to identify the polyphenol C-glycosides in the extract of Swertia franchetiana, a traditional Chinese/Tibetan herb. The neutral loss scan of the extract of S. franchetiana using the characteristic losses of 120 and 150 u provided a detailed profile of the polyphenol C-glycosides in the complex mixture. On-line UV spectroscopy along with MS-MS and MS-MS-MS mass spectra analysis produced with and without in-source collision induced dissociation was contributed to discriminate and identify the polyphenol C-glycosides. Three xanthone C-glycosides (i.e., mangiferin, isomangiferin, and 1,6,7-trihydroxyl-2-C-glucosexanthone) and three flavone C-glycosides (i.e., isoorientin, isovitexin, and swertisin) were tentatively identified. Isomangiferin and 1,6,7-trihydroxyl-2-C-glucosexanthone were for the first time found in this plant.

Bioassay-guided isolation of allelochemicals from Avena sativa L.: allelopathic potential of flavone C-glycosides

Abstract: The allelopathic potential of oat (Avena sativa L., var. Argentina, Poaceae, Cyperales) was investigated under field and laboratory conditions. In field trials, oat plants provided an effective control of weeds, showing a species-specific impact: the most abundant weed species, Picris echioides was reduced by 94% in number of individuals. Aerial parts of oat plants, harvested immediately before soil incorporation, were utilized in a bioassay-guided isolation, which was aimed at identifying the phytotoxic compounds in a methanol/water extract of the aerial parts of the plants. Further partitions of extract gave an active n-butanol portion composed of flavonoids and saponins. Phytotoxic activity was detected for the flavonoid fraction, whereas no activity was found for the saponin mixture. Germination of an indicator species, lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), was completely inhibited at flavonoid concentrations of 6.7, 10.0, and 20.0 mg/mL, and conversely the number of abnormal seedlings was greatly increased from 2% of control to over 96% at concentrations equal to 6.7 and 10.0 mg/mL. Analysis of the flavonoid fraction by ESI-MS techniques identified two components of the mixture as isoorientin 2-O-glucoside and isovitexin 2″-O-arabinoside. Saponins were characterized as avenacoside A, avenacoside B, 26-desglucoavenacoside A, and 26-desglucoavenacoside B. Both flavone C-glycosides and saponins were isolated previously from oat.

Quantitation of chafurosides A and B in tea leaves and isolation of prechafurosides A and B from oolong tea leaves.

Abstract: A procedure was developed for the quantitative determination of chafuroside A, a flavone C-glycoside with potent anti-inflammatory activity, and its regioisomer chafuroside B, as well as isovitexin and vitexin, by selected reaction monitoring liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (SRM LC-MS/MS) analysis. This method was successfully applied to commercial leaves of green tea, houji tea, oolong tea, and black tea. High levels of chafurosides A and B were found in oolong tea leaves that had been heated at >140 degrees C. Next, their precursors, prechafurosides A and B, were isolated from methanol extract of oolong tea leaves prepared from Shizu 7132, Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze, by partition with n-butanol and H2O and chromatography on Diaion SP-825, Sephadex LH-20, and ODS C-18, guided by assay of chafuroside formation. Prechafurosides A and B gave chafurosides A and B, respectively, in good yields when heated at 160 degrees C for 0.5 h. Solvolysis of prechafurosides A and B with pyridine and dioxane quantitatively afforded isovitexin and vitexin, respectively. On the basis of these results and physicochemical data (MS, UV, and NMR), prechafurosides A and B were concluded to be new flavone C-glycoside sulfates, isovitexin-2''-sulfate and vitexin-2''-sulfate, respectively.

Brief review on medicinal potential of terminalia catappa

Abstract: Terminalia catappa Linn belongs to the family Combretaceae and is popularly known as 'deshi badam'. It is a well known herb in Ayurvedic system of medicine. Juice of young leaves are employed in preparation of ointment for leprosy, scabies and also used internally for colic and headache. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of leaves were reported for their hepatoprotective activity. Reddish brown leaves contain flavonoid apigenin 6-c-(2 - galloyl)- L-Dglycoside, apigenin 8-c-(2 - galloyl)- L-D- glycoside, isovitexin, vitexin, isoorienthin, rutin and tannin ; gallic acid, ellagic acid, puricalagin, punicalin which are reported for good antioxidant property. Antidiabetic potential of T. catappa fruits has been investigated for its effect on fasting sugar level and serum parameters. More and more pharmacological studies have reported that the extract of T. cat appa leaves and fruits have anticancer, antioxidant, anti-HIV reverse transcriptase, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic effects and hepatoprotective activities, but the effective components and related mechanisms remain unknown. Recently, data from our laboratory revealed that the chloroform fraction of the ethanol extract of T. cat appa leaves has the strongest anti-inflammatory activity among all fractions from ethanol extract of T. cat appa leaves.

Sequestration and metabolism of host-plant flavonoids by the Pale Grass Blue, Pseudozizeeria maha (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)

Abstract: Flavonoids in the eggs, larvae, pupae and adult butterflies of Pseudozizeeria maha were identified and quantified. Isovitexin (apigenin 6-C-glucoside) was the dominant flavonoid detected in pupae and imagines, whereas saponarin (isovitexin 7-O-glucoside) was the dominant flavonoid in larvae. Saponarin, biotransformed from isovitexin by the larvae, was found to be reconverted into isovitexin at the pupal stages. The total amounts of accumulated flavonoids differed between sexes, particularly in adults where the bodies of females had a much higher flavonoid concentration than that of the males. These flavonoids were also detected in the eggs. These results indicate the possibility that flavonoids are utilized in not only wing coloration but also as a chemical defense compound against natural threats.

Variation of Vitexin and Isovitexin Contents in Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) Germplasms

Abstract: In this study, the selected 789 lines having agronomic values out of over 2,500 mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) germplasms, examined the 27 characters including hypocotyl color and leaf size of 401 lines in 2005 and of 388 lines in 2006, and analyzed the contents of vitexin and isovitexin in these mungbean germplasms. The average contents of vitexin and isovitexin in mungbean of the 401 lines used in 2005 were 8.71(1.1~13.4) and 9.54(0.9~15.9) mg/g, respectively, and the correlation coefficiency (R 2 ) of the contents of vitexin and isovitexin was 0.958. Nine lines including VC3890B were selected to be the ones containing high vitexin and isovitexin. The average contents of vitexin and isovitexin in mungbean of the 388 lines used in 2006 were 10.17(2.0~15.9) and 10.64(0.2~17.6) mg/g, respectively, and the correlation coefficiency (R 2 ) of the contents of vitexin and isovitexin was 0.958. Six lines including VC4096-2B-4-B-2-B were selected to be the ones containing high vitexin and isovitexin. The contents of vitexin and isovitexin were higher in the mungbean with larger leaves and longer ripening period out of the main characters.

Comparison of flavonoid patterns in wild and cultivated Hordeum species

Abstract: Seven flavonoids have been identified variously in leaf extracts of 18 wild Hordeum species. Six are C-glycosylflavones. namely isovitexin. iso-orientin and iso-orientin 3′-methyl ether and the respective 7-0-glucosides. The seventh is the flavone 0-glucoside. tricin 5-glucoside. Several other C-glycosylflavones based on iso-orientin 3′-methyl ether are present in trace amounts. The pattern is essentially a simple one, with little variation between species. It contrasts markedly with the much more complex pattern of flavonoids found in different races of cultivated barley. The results indicate that the process of cultivation has had a noticeable effect on flavonoid synthesis in barley leaves and they confirm the taxonomic separation of the H. vulgare complex from all the other species.

Chemical constituents from Folium Isatidis

Abstract: Objective To isolate and identify the chemical constituents in leaves of Isatis indigotica Fort(Folium Isatidis)Methods The ethanol extract of Folium Isatidis crude drug was extracted with chloroformThe chloroform layer and the aqueous layer were separated by multiple column chromatography including macroporous resin,silica gel and polyamide column and preparative HPLCThe compounds obtained were identified by mass spectra and NMR dataResults Eleven compounds were identified from Folium IsatidisConclusions Among them,isoorientin 3″-O-glucopyranoside is a new compound,and isovitexin 6″-O-glucopyranoside,isoorientin,saponarin,loliolide,ethyl pyrophaeophorbidea,and methyl pyrophaeophorbidea are isolated from Isatis indigotica Fortfor the first time

A Study on the Flavonoids of Lespedeza hedysaroides

Abstract: Chemical investigation of the aerial parts of Lespedaza hedysaroides resulted in the isolation of 8 flavonoids:orientin (1), isoorientin (2), vitexin (3), isovitexin (4), Isomyricitrin (5), meletin-3-O-β-d-glucoside (6), luteolin-7-O-glucoside (7), 6-Xylopyranosylluteolin (8), The result showed t㏊t Lespedeza hedysaroides was rich in flavonoid glycosides, espically of C-glycosylflavones which have good Pharmacia and bioactive. So Lespedeza hedysaroides was concluded that it has vast prospect for exploitation and utilization.

Quantitative HPLC estimation of flavonoids in showy tick trefoil herbs

Abstract: Quantitative and qualitative analysis of flavonoids in showy tick trefoil [Desmodium canadense (L.) DC., Fabaceae] herbs collected in various vegetative phases at the Department of Medicinal Herbs of the Kaunas Botanical Garden (Vytautas Magnus University) was performed using HPLC techniques. A total of 15 flavonoids were identified as aglycons and glycosides including apigenin, apigenin-7-O-glycoside, luteolin, rutin, vicenin-2, vitexin, isovitexin, vitexin rhamnoside, orientin, homoorientin, quercitrin, quercetin, hyperoside, astragalin, and kaempferol. The maximum amount of identified flavonoids (13573.83 μg/g) was observed at the budding stage. Among these flavonoids, orientin and homoorientin (6236.24 μg/g), vicenin-2 (2040.25 μg/g), vitexin (1717.12 μg/g), isovitexin (1767.82 μg/g), and rutin (925.72 μg/g) predominated.

Chemical constituents of the fruits of Gleditschia australis Hemsl.

Abstract: From the methanolic extract of the fruits of Gleditschia australis Hemsl., a new flavonoid derivative 3"-O-menthiafoloylisovitexin (1) and a new carbohydrate ester of cinnamic acid 1-O-E-cinnamoyl-[2-O-E-cinnamoyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside] (2) have been isolated along with four known compounds, 1-O-E-cinnamoyl-[3-O-E-cinnamoyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside], isovitexin, luteolin, and quercetin. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of physical and spectroscopic evidence.